分子分离

The ultrafilteration is applied in the separation and concentration of the zymin, it can be operated in the normal temperatures, overcome the effects heat does to the quality of the fermented products, abstract small molecular admixtures, and guarantees filtrates purity and quality; Filtering process does not change, the energy consumption and the cost compared with the traditional method are lower; The equipment running is simple, and is easy to operate and the control, thus it quickly became concentration separation craft the first choice of concentration separation such as biology medicine manufacture.

现在采用超滤技术进行酶制剂的分离浓缩，则可在常温下操作，克服热对发酵产品品质的影响；除去其中的小分子杂质，保证滤液的纯净度和品质的良好性；过滤过程无相变，能耗和成本较传统方法都低；设备运行简便，易于操作和控制，因而很快成为了生物制药等行业分离浓缩工艺的首选。

In order to direct the construction of plant germplasms by elucidating the relatives among plants at the level of gene, CYP86MF gene analogues from 11 species of 6 genera in Cuciferae were respectively obtained by PCR strategy using gene specific primers designed from conserved regions of CYP86MF gene reported. Sequence comparisonindicated that the similarities among the genes at nucleotide level were over 80%, and the similarities at amino acid level remained above 70%. The differences between the genes at nucleotide and amino acid level between species were 1.0%~ 5.7% and 2.6%~ 7.3% respectively, while those between genera 5.6%~ 22.5% and 7.3%~ 31.2%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Brassica was closely related to Raphanus, followed by Rorippa Scop, Arabidopsis Heynh, Capsella Medic orderly, most distantly related to Orychophrogmus.

为了从分子水平阐明十字花科植物间的亲缘进化关系，给植物种质资源的创建提供理论依据，试验根据课题组已报道的CYP86MF基因编码的氨基酸保守区域设计特异引物，运用PCR技术分别从十字花科6个属11个物种中分离克隆到了CYP86MF基因的同源序列，经比较分析，结果表明：这些同源序列的相似性达80%以上，所推导的氨基酸序列相似性达70%以上，且两者种间差异分别为1.0%~ 5.7%和2.6%~ 7.3%，属间差异分别是5.6%~ 22.5%和7.3%~ 31.2%；由氨基酸序列构建的分子系统树可知，在亲缘进化关系上芸薹属与萝卜属较近，其他依次为蔊菜属、拟南芥属、荠菜属，而与诸葛菜属最远。

The optimum conditions of the process for obtaining high-purity and recovery cinnamaldehyde were determined by the relative content of cinnamaldehyde with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system.

用GC-MS对分离物中肉桂醛含量进行分析，确定了用分子蒸馏技术分离提取高纯度、高收率的肉桂醛的适宜工艺条件为：蒸馏压力 100Pa、蒸馏温度 60℃、物料流量 1滴/s、刮膜蒸馏转速 370~390r/min、冷却水温度 4~5℃。

The crocin synthesis mechanism was investigated at the molecular level by studying the genes related to crocin syntheses.

对藏红花苷合成的相关基因进行了初步分离与克隆实验研究，旨在分离与藏红花苷合成相关的特异性表达的cDNA克隆，为进一步从分子水平上研究藏红花素的合成机理奠定基础。

This supported that Stemonaceae should be separated from Liliales and placed in Pandanales. Affinities and speciation of the species in Croomia The two Asian species of Croomia were more closely related to each other than either is to Northern American species.

Croomia的种间关系该属的3个种中，北美的C.pauciflora与两个亚洲种在分子树上已经分歧，根据单倍型和分子树该种与亚洲种的分离时间较早，很可能是从C.japonica的日本居群衍生形成或迁移到北美大陆的。

Plant Virology 2 S T. H. Chen, FThe course will give conventional and molecular level of plant viruses in order to help the students to get much theoretical and practical knowledge about plant virology. The contents cover the molecular structure of virion and genome, virus isolation, dentification and purification, transmission, variation,ecology, nomenclature and classification, diagnosis and control.

本课程除传统植物病毒学范畴外，并涵盖从分子层次讨论植物病毒之构造，引起之植物病害，田间发生及防治，期能达到理论与实务并重；内容包括植物病毒分子层次的构造及核酸组成，病毒分离、鉴定与纯化，在寄主体内之增殖及转移，媒介传播、遗传及变异，其引起之病害及田间发生生态与防治。

ABSTRACT Hairy and Enhancer-of-split-type protein 1 (Hes1) is a main effecter of the Notch pathway and acts as a differentiation repressor and/or as a pro-expansion factor during the pancreatic development.

由于人们尚未找到胰腺干细胞的特异性标志，因而给胰腺干细胞的分离纯化及其特性的研究带来了极大的困难。来自hes1-/-敲除小鼠的研究提示，Hes1作为Notch信号通路的一个关键分子，在胰腺发育过程中扮演着扩增促进因子或分化抑制因子的角色，因而有可能用作胰腺干细胞的备选标志分子，但这一推论缺乏直接的证据。

A SPE procedure was suggested for extracting and concentrating fisetin by using different volume fractions of ethanol in aqueous solution as the loading conditions.

分别以中药黄栌的主要成分非瑟酮为印迹分子、丙烯酰胺为功能单体及乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂，通过封管聚合法合成了分子印迹聚合物；将其装于自制的固相萃取柱中，研究了以不同体积比的乙醇-水溶液为溶剂时非瑟酮在柱上的保留行为；通过优化清洗及洗脱条件，使非瑟酮与它的结构相似物槲皮素在柱上得到了很好的分离。

It is shown that G gene has the highest speed during the evolution and has uniqueinquilinous body in order to escape immune pressure from inquilinous body byanalyzing phylogenic trees of five genes in the whole genome. In the evolution of Ggene, DRV and MRV are in different groups. DRV, Chinese vaccine isolated used inhuman and Japanese vaccine isolated used in human are in the same group. MRV,CVS and street viruses isolated from dogs are in the some group. It is shown thatDRV is vaccine isolated compared with phylogenic trees of other genes, and it istestified previous conclusion that unqualified vaccine used for human was used nearthe infected beer cote resulted in spotted deer infected.

对狂犬病毒基因组5个基因的分子进化树分析表明，为了逃避宿主的免疫压力，G基因的进化最快速，而且具有宿主的特异性，在G基因的进化中，DRV和MRV分别位于不同的组群，DRV与中国人用疫苗株和日本疫苗株在一个组群，MRV与CVS以及犬脑分离的街毒归在一个组群，结合其他基因的进化树表明，DRV与疫苗株具有较近的亲缘关系，从分子水平验证了以前对DRV流行病学调查得出的推测，在狂犬病疫情发生的鹿场附近曾使用过人用狂犬病疫苗，导致梅花鹿感染狂犬病毒。

Objective: To study the source of the separation of our hospitals to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in molecular epidemiology of the characteristics, identify MRSA clinical isolates in our country, investigate the distribution characteristics of staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec typing of MRSA and detect the Panton-Valentine leukocidin virulence gene of MRSA.

目的：研究我国医院来源分离到的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的分子流行病学特征，鉴定我国临床分离的MRSA，分析MRSA葡萄球菌染色体mec盒基因型，检测MRSA的PVL毒力基因。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。