分子分离

While doing the RFLP tagging of giant embryogene,the genome changebetween mutants and its original parent,the relationship between RFLP andheteroses in indica,japonica and intermediate rice,the performance of multipleand null allelism in rice varieties,the utilization of null allelic RFLP probes inidentifying indica and japonica rice specifically,the distribution of the nullallelic RFLP probe RG684 in rice cultivars,and the segregations of RFLPmakers in indica/japonica F2 population were also studied.

本实验从经典遗传、分子遗传、育种潜力评估、育种新品系选育等领域，对巨大胚、甜胚乳、暗胚乳三种新型突变体进行了全面系统研究。在对巨大胚进行分子定位过程中，对涉及到的突变体与原始亲本基因组变化，籼、粳、中间型材料的RFLP多态性与杂种优势之间关系，水稻品种的复等位、零等位表现，鉴定籼、粳特异性的零等位RFLP标记，零等位标记RG684在稻种中分布，RFLP标记在籼粳交F2群体中分离等遗传现象也一并进行了分析。

In this study, the classification of Chinese Babesia spp. infective to cattle were carried out by the classical methods and molecular biotechnology, and investigated the vector ticks of an unidentified Babesia sp. isolated from Xinjiang province by the experimental transmission, and observed the developmental forms of Babesia sp. in the engorged Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum females;We developed the indirect hemoagglutination test for Babesia bigemina, and evaluated its effect in the sero-survey;We made slow-released injection of imidocarb, and estimated its efficacy on the treatment and prevention of Babesia bigemina infection by the laboratory work and the field tests. The major results were presented as following:1. Discovery of a bovine Babesia sp.

本研究以牛的巴贝斯虫为研究对象，采用传统技术与分子生物学技术相结合的方法对在我国已分离的牛巴贝斯虫病主要病原进行了分类学研究，在实验室内运用蜱传播试验对分离于我国新疆的牛的巴贝斯虫未定种的媒介蜱及其传播方式进行了详细的研究，采用组织抹片方法对牛的巴贝斯虫未定种在小亚璃眼蜱饱血雌虫体内的发育过程进行了观察；建立了间接血球凝集试验诊断方法，并对其在血清学调查中的应用效果进行了考察；研制了咪唑苯脲缓释注射剂，并通过实验室工作和田间试验对防治效果进行了评价。

Block-copolyimide film from pPDA/ODA-PMDA was studied by TEM, SEM, PLM, ultra-deep three-dimensional microscope, TMA, and WAXD, which showed that the extensile strength and modulus of b-PI film were higher than that of irregular copolyimide film. It was also revealed that there was a large amount of crystallite formed in b-PI film, which was mainly attributed to its chain structure: rigid pPDA-PMDA chains were easy to form crystal nucleus because of phase separation, based on which semi-rigid PMDA-ODA molecular chains began to crystallize.

以pPDA／ODA-PMDA型嵌段共聚酰亚胺薄膜为对象，借助TEM、SEM、PLM、超景深三维显微镜、TMA、WAXD等手段，研究结果表明：b-PI薄膜的拉伸强度、弹性模量均高于无规共聚酰亚胺薄膜；b-PI薄膜中形成了大量的微晶，这是由于刚棒状的pPDA-PMDA分子链段因相分离容易形成晶核，然后半刚性的PMDA-ODA分子链段以PMDA-pPDA为晶核进行晶体生长造成的，而且ODA-PMDA分子链的结晶和酰亚胺化反应基本上是同步进行的。

In the Chapter 2 of this dissertation, new pulse sequences were introduced, in which CPMG and bipolar gradient pulses have been implemented into pulsed-filed-gradients spin-echo NMR spectroscopy, and is used to measure the self-diffusion coefficient of metabolites in bio-fluids.

实验结果表明，这种新方法不仅可以在生物体温或更高温度下准确测量分子的自扩散系数，不受对流和背景梯度的干扰，同时还具有复杂核磁共振谱的编辑功能，能够在不做任何物理分离的条件下，分别研究生物大分子和小分子的扩散系数，以及分子之间的相互作用。

Significant processing steps can include: a phase changes involving either the desired molecule or the solvent, inert carrier or vehicle, e.g., dissolution, crystallization, evaporation, sublimation, distillation or absorption; b a phase separation such as filtration or centrifugation; c any chemical change involving the desired molecule, e.g., removal or addition of water of hydration, acetylization, formation of the salt; d an adjustment of the solution containing the molecule such as adjustment of pH or pO2; e a precision measurement of contained or added BPC components, in-process solutions, recycled materials is performed, i.e., weighing, volumetric measuring, optical rotation, spectrophotometric determinations, etc.; and f changes occur in surface area, particle size, or lot uniformity, e.g., milling, agglomeration, blending.

意义较大的步骤可能会包括：a相变化，包括指定分子或溶剂，惰性载体或溶媒，如溶出作用，结晶，蒸发，升华，蒸馏或吸附；b相分离，如过滤或离心；c涉及指定分子的任一化学变化，如结晶水的除去或添加，乙酰化作用，成盐；d包含分子的溶解的调节，如调节pH或pO2；e 含有或添加原料药组分，过程内溶液，回收物料的精密测量，如，称重，体积测量，旋光度，分光光度测定，等和f 表面，粒度，或批一致性的变化，如磨碎，凝块，混合。

Phylogenetic analysis based on two IGS-1 sequences indicated there were significant differences between the IGS-1 sequence of Armillaria luteo-virens and that of other species of Armillaria.

本研究首次基于分子手段对我国青藏高原的黄绿蜜环菌种进行了分离培养、分子鉴定和系统发育分析，为黄绿蜜环菌的科学分类提供了分子依据。

Armillaria luteo-virens has a relatively close phylogenetic relationship with some species of Lepiota.

本研究首次基于分子手段对我国青藏高原的黄绿蜜环菌种进行了分离培养、分子鉴定和系统发育分析，为黄绿蜜环菌的科学分类提供了分子依据。

Moreover, taking the adsorption process from oven-dry state to the equilibrium state in 20℃,60%RH environment as an example, the dielectric relaxation based on the reorientation of adsorbed water molecules was separated out from that based on the methylol groups in the amorphous region of wood cell wall.

以绝干状态→20℃，60%RH 平衡态的吸湿过程为例，将基于吸着水分子回转取向运动的介电弛豫与基于木材无定形区中伯醇羟基回转取向运动的介电弛豫进行分离，并在 Eyring 的绝对速度反应论的基础上，求得了与吸着水分子进行回转取向运动相关连的热力学量，得到了在吸着过程中吸着水分子与木材吸着点之间的氢键结合随着水分吸着进程的变化情况。

A new method for ab initio energy partition is being developed in order to gain new insight into the nature of electron delocalization, and it is able to provide any molecule with a fragment MO basis set in which the π and σ systems have been separated out no matter whether molecule is planar or nonplanar as well as whether the π system is conjugated or cumulated.

我们的方法可以为任何一个共轭分子(无论是平面的还是非平面的，是含共轭双键的还是含累积双键的)，提供一个π与σ体系彻底分离的片断分子轨道基组。这个轨道基组不仅满足分子特殊的对称性，而且还具有确切的电子占据数。

In the area of selective catalysis, they will soon publish the first examples of stereochemically thoroughly investigated Enantioselective Organo-Autocatalysis, a process that demonstrates conceptually new catalysis design strategy and also provides structurally well-defined small-molecule models that may help explain the origin and maintenance of homochirality fundamental to the functions of biological systems.

在相邻的选择性催化领域，他们即将发表设计发现的首例有机小分子催化的高立体选择性自复制过程（Enantioselective Organo-Autocatalysis），此类反应不仅避免了繁琐的催化剂和产物分离问题，更有意义的是充分利用了产物自身的催化功能，并为分子手性单一性这一生命体根本特征的起源和自发维持提供了第一个简洁的小分子模型系统。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。