分子内的

Based on the experimental results, the multiphoton ionization dissociation mechanics of acetone was discussed.

根据实验结果对丙酮分子在该波长范围内的多光子电离机理作了讨论。

The synthesis of the pentacyclic skeleton of Et-743 and the construction of the five chiral centers thereof.1. The core pentacyclic skeleton of phthalascidin was constructed with L-dopa as the starting material via thirteen steps. First, two basic synthons, the C-1 functionalized tetrahydroisoquinoline compounds 8 and N-protected Z-dopa derivative 9, were prepared from L-dopa. They were coupled via amide bond to form the dipeptide compounds 10, which were the first key intermediates. Then the primary hydroxyl groups were transformed into the corresponding amino aldehydes 11 via Swern oxidation. Followed by the intramolecular Pictet-Spengler cyclization, the pentacyclic compounds 12 were synthesized.

五环骨架的构建及五个正确手性中心的确立：1.1我们以L-多巴为起始原料，经过多步官能团保护和转化合成了基本结构单元8然后和苯丙氨酸衍生物9，通过缩合反应生成酰胺中间体10，经Swern氧化得到醛化合物11，然后再次利用分子内改良的Pictet-Spengler反应一步构建c，d两环，得到五环骨架化合物12，最后，实现了21-位羰基向氰基的转化，得到了C-1位官能化的化合物14，化合物14不但具有和Et-743一致的五环骨架，而且分子中五个手性中心立体构型也与其完全相同：其中，3，位和13，位的手性中心由原料L-多巴带入，而1，位，11，位和21，位手性中心则通过不对称诱导而确立。

AFLP marker technique was used to investigate the genetic relationships between 50 accessions of maize and its wild relatives including teosinte, Tripsacum and Coix With twenty one AFLP primer combinations of PstⅠ/MseⅠ, 641 AFLP amplified bands were obtained, including 586 polymorphic bands with an average of 30 52 per primer combination and the polymorphism percentage of 91 4% Cluster analysis using UPGMA method based on the data of AFLP showed that the 50 materials could be divided into...

用AFLP分子标记技术对 5 0个有代表性的玉米及其野生近缘种大刍草、摩擦禾、薏苡材料进行了遗传关系分析。利用 2 1个PstⅠ MseⅠ引物组合检出可辨认带共 6 4 1条，其中多态性带 5 86条，平均每对引物得到 30 5 2条多态性带，多态性 91 4 %。聚类分析结果表明，可以将 5 0个材料分为 3大类，与已有的玉米族分类一致，但与玉蜀黍属内的种间和种内分类存在差异，说明大刍草各种内存在较大的遗传多样性。本实验发现玉蜀黍属与摩擦禾关系比与薏苡的关系更近，但并没有发现玉米与小颖玉米亚种比与其他大刍草的遗传关系更近。

Due to great amount of double bond on rubber chain,a lot of intramolecular reaction occurred in the system,which made the uncontrolled cross-linked system into a controlled cross-linked copolymerization,resulting in chain growth can't go illimitably in cross-linking process.

苯乙烯和二乙烯苯共聚体系是典型的不可控制的交联聚合体系，加入天然橡胶后，通过阳离子聚合方法，生成三元共聚物线团，由于橡胶分子链上含有大量的双键，聚合体系中能进行分子内反应，使不可控的交联聚合体系成为可控的交联聚合体系，其链增长不能无限制进行，从而可以合成可溶解的交联的聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯-天然橡胶聚合物。

Recent results indicate that （1） Oryzeae is monophyletic and falls into two main clades corresponding to the traditionally recognized subtribes;（2） Close affinities of the monoecious genera are not supported, suggesting the multiple origins of unisexual florets;（3） Previous recognition of three monotypic genera （Hydrochloa, Porteresia and Prosphytochloa） is not justified;（4） Based on dating using molecular clock approach, it is estimated that Oryza and Leersia branched off from the remaining genera of Oryzeae -20 million years ago, and separated from each other -14 MYA.

目前已有的研究结果表明：稻族是单系类群，可分为两个主要分支，相当于传统的两个亚族（Zizaniinae和Oryzinae），但稻族单性花小穗是多次起源的，不宜作为划分亚族的依据；一些单型属（Hydrochloa、Porteresia和Prosphytochloa）的建立得不到分子证据的支持；根据分子钟原理估计稻族两个主要分支的分歧时间在大约2000万年前，而稻属和近缘属假稻属Leersia的分歧时间为1400万年：稻属内主要类群的分歧时间在900万年前左右。

Leucocytic differentiation antigen 40 sign-al access participates in regulation of inflammatory reaction accommodation of major cell component (vascular endothelial cell、vascular smooth muscle cell and macrophage), it is playing critical role in AS process, participates ather-osclerotic occurrence and development ,reside in atherosclerotic plaque cell thro-ugh CD40-CD40L interaction, induce activate by itself , express and secrete profit to happen immune response、inflammatory reaction、hemagglutination t-hrombogenic proteo-cytokine.

白细胞分化抗原40 (CD40)信号通路参与了动脉粥样硬化斑块内主要细胞成分(血管内皮细胞、血管平滑肌细胞以及巨噬细胞)炎症反应的调节，其在AS进程中扮演着关键性的角色，参与了动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展；存在于AS斑块内的细胞通过CD40-CD40L相互作用，导致自身活化，表达和分泌了有利于免疫应答发生、炎症反应、血凝和血栓形成的蛋白质细胞因子，如激活在AS斑块中的关键性细胞成分如黏附分子、炎症因子、基质金属蛋白酶等的产生，导致斑块的不稳定和破裂，而最终导致粥样硬化斑块病变的恶化。

Recently, Shelnutt and co-workers obtained discrete porphyrin nanosheets reprecipitated from their solutions;[3] Sathish and co-workers constructed hexagonal C60 nanosheets using a liquid–liquid interfacial precipitation method;[4] the groups of Yao[5] and Hu[6] prepared singlecrystalline nanosheets of polycyclic aromatics using a surfactant- assisted reprecipitation and a physical vapor transporting method, respectively; and Zhang and co-workers suggested that molecules with intramolecular charge-transfer dipole moments could be grown into quasi-2D nanostructures.

近年来，Shelnutt及其同事由他们的溶液再沉淀获得了离散的卟啉纳米片[3]； Sathish和他的同事用液－液界面沉淀法构建了六边形的C60纳米片[4]； Yao[5]和Hu[6]分别用表面活性剂辅助的再沉淀和物理气相输运法制备了多环芳烃的单晶纳米片；而Zhang和他的同事提出，具有分子内电荷转移偶极矩的分子可以生长成准二维的纳米结构[7]。

The RF electricity of ice adopts radio frequency technique of the RF dual pole. The frequency can make the water element of the cell which at the certain depth shake at a high speed, it can produce the quantity of heat at 45-60℃ through the quick circumvolved friction. Because the collagen fibre is shrinked, the wrinkle can be tighted. Then the light pyrolysis stimulates collagen and elasticity fibre to become more and arrange once again so as to reach the function of dispelling wrinkle and shrinking pore.

冰电除皱系统采用RF双极射频技术，发射的频率可以在皮下的特定深度内使细胞内的水分子产生高速震动，通过这种高速的旋转摩擦从而产生热量45-60℃，胶原纤维收缩，即刻松弛的皮肤、皱纹被拉紧，随后，真皮层中产生的热效应使胶原增生、重新排列、数量增加，同时修复老化受损的胶原，达到即刻紧肤、长效除皱抗衰老的效果。

The force is dominated by entropy force when the chain isdeformed less than 0.9 of the full-extended chain, while by enthalpy force. Theenthalpy force is contributed by the intro-molecular interaction. Bond stretchcontributes to the force more than bond angle bend. Torsion and VDW contributelittle to the force.3. The internal energy contribution to the elastic force It is in dispute that whether 〓 is dependent on the strain, and it is hard toresolve the problem using present elastic theories because they are athermal.

我们模拟了聚乙烯模型聚合物的SMFS，研究了链长、势能有效距离和温度对力谱的影响，探讨了力谱的本质问题，得到以下结果：改进的分子动力学方法可以很好的模拟聚合物的SMFS；SMFS是链段的性质而不是整个高分子链的性质，对于聚乙烯，该链段碳原子数目大于40；SMFS的本质是熵弹性，形变小于全伸直链的0.9时，力为熵弹力；形变超过全伸直链的0.9时，能弹力占主导地位，这种能弹力完全是分子内相互作用引起的，是由键伸缩和键角弯曲贡献的。3。

In this thesis, Water Solubility, 1-Octanol/water Partition Coefficient, molecular Total Surface Area, Aqueous Activity Coefficient, Henry Law's Constant and gas chromatogram relative retention times for biphenyl and its 209 chlorinated congeners were studies with holographic QSAR techniques and highly predictive QSAR models were developed. An internal validation (cross-validation) and external validation were performed to evaluate the predictivity and robustness of the HQSAR models. Based on these highly predictive QSARs, the corresponding data of 5 properties of all these pollutants were presented.

应用简化的响应曲面分析来建立显著的预测模型，必须要考虑到空间立体因素的影响；基于分子模拟技术的三维QSAR技术能够建立显著的预测模型，并且有利于对毒性机理的理解；而基于分子全息的QSAR技术建立了具有高度预测能力的QSAR模型，组内交叉验证和组外预测等方法证明模型具有高度的预测能力和稳健性，可以对硝基芳烃这一类分子结构、体内代谢过程和致毒机理都很复杂的污染物进行定量预测。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。