分位数

This Paper gives a conclusion hial the asymptotic distribution of the fractile of a subsample forthe inner ceder statistic is a normal distribution.

本文给出了内顺序统计量子样分位数的渐近分布为正态分布的结论。

Chaper 4 focuses on the application of nonparametric and semi-parametric functional coefficient regression to boston housing prices.

第五章给出了本文的最终结论，说明了非参数和半参数变系数分位数回归模型对于实际经济问题具有很好的解释能力。

At present, semiparametric model, functional coefficient model and quantile regression are key issues in the field of regression analysis, they have been applied widely in multi-variable data analysis, economics and finance.

半参数模型、变系数模型和分位数模型是当今回归分析中研究的热点问题，在实际问题尤其是在多变量数据分析、经济学、金融学中有着广泛的应用。

By a more flexible model-the combination of semiparemetric model , functional coefficient model and quantile regression.

在本文中，主要讨论了非参数和半参数变系数分位数回归模型的估计及其应用。

In this paper, we mainly discuss nonparametric and semiparametric functional coefficient quantile regressions, their estimation methods and applications.

半参数变系数分位数回归模型，在理论上其假设前提条件限制比较少，在应用上具有很好的灵活性和很广的适用空间，能够更好地解释现实经济问题。

Based on the estimation of quantile regression, the empirical results show that the effects of globalization on wage inequality indeed vary in accordance with types of trade partners as well as the conditional distribution of wages.

根据对分位数回归的估算，全球化对工资不平等的影响的确受贸易伙伴类型以及工资的条件概率分布的影响。

In this paper,we use the historical data to get the experiential distribution function of conditional revenue ratio when we can not determine the type of the allied distribution of the price and revenue ratio,and then we calculate the VaR under a certain price level of the price.

1研究意义VaR是目前证券投资风险管理的重要工具，在数学上，表示为投资组合收益率分布的下α分位数，表达式为：P=α(VaR 0)图1 VaR的图形表示其中，ΔP表示在Δt时间内，某个金融资产的市场价值的变化，α为给定的概率，如图1所示。

This article estimates the extreme loss distribution with extreme value theory, estimates the shape parameter with HKKP estimator, which is unbiased to small sample data, selects the right threshold by selecting smallest mean square error of the estimated cumulative distribution function and empirical cumulative distribution function and based on the extreme value theory method, this article estimates the extreme loss distribution and the p-percentile operational loss under certain believe range for Chinese commercial banks, then calculates the operational risk supervise capital.

本文利用极值理论对中国商业银行操作损失极端值分布进行估计，针对尾参数估计的来用传统Hill佑计对小样本数据容易产生偏倚的情况，提出了采用Hill佑计的改进―小样本无偏估计的HKKP佑计来估计操作损失的尾参数，针对由于阈值确定不准确导致结果偏差大的情况，采用最小化估计的累计概率分布与经验累计概率分布平均平方误差的方法确定较精确的阈值，估计出给定置信水平下操作风险损失的分位数，从而使得中国商业银行操作风险监管资本的测定成为可能。

When the threshold for the logistic model was set at the first quartile, this resulted in a sensitivity of 86% for detecting all stroke and a sensitivity of 94% for detecting hemorrhagic stroke.

当Logistic模型的界值设定为第一个四分位数时，结果显示检测出所有卒中的敏感度为86%，而对出血性卒中则为94%。

The age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratios for diabetes were 1.30, 1.63, and 2.83 for the second, third, and fourth quartiles of serum uric acid, in comparison with the first quartile.

研究人员报道：在年龄和性别做了相应调整后与第一次血清尿酸四分位数相比较，第二次糖尿病的危害比为1.30，第三次为1.63，第四次为2.83，。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。