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Following is the main contribution of the dissertation. 1 Based on quartile and first order differential, a new outlier detection algorithm is presented, Experiments show that the method combining with low pass filter can remove gross error and unwanted frequency components.

本文的主要工作与创新点在于： 1）将分位数方法与一阶差分法相结合，提出了一种基于一阶差分的粗差剔除方法，该方法与低通滤波器的结合可以有效去除两相流压力波动信号中的粗大误差以及信号频带以外的频率成分。

In order to reasonably depict four basic problems with friction, one Coulomb friction new form in first Kirchhoff stress is proposed to deal with finite deformation problems, other Coulomb friction form in incremental mode to elastoplastic flow theory; Hilbert function spaces concerning elastoplastical problems with friction are established, so it makes all operations and calculations in the treatise standardized within the scope of reasonably topologic structure; In view of functional extremum, the equivalence between generalized variational inequalities principles in elastoplasticity with friction and corresponding basic problems are testified by inducing Lagrangian multipliers, so it provides a rationally theoretical basis for numerical methods in elastoplasticity with friction; From the viewpoint of variational inequality, the theory of generalized variational inequalities in elasticity and elastoplasticity with frictional constraint is studied, and the uniqueness and existence of the solution of FEM is proofed under the proposed conditions of stress compatibility, and them FEM approximation and a discrete solution are discussed; Based on the principles of generalized variational inequalities in elastoplasticity with friction, direct generalized variational inequalities methods is pretended, which is a natural generalization and development of direct variational methods; Using generalized variational inequalities methods, some examples in metal forming including plane deformation, upset and extrusion are analyzed and the results prove that all the theories and methods in the paper are right, feasible, accurate and advanced.

主要内容有：为了合理地描述金属塑性成形中摩擦约束弹性、弹塑性基本问题，提出和研究了有限变形下以Kirchhoff第一应力表示的Coulomb摩擦定律形式和弹塑性流动理论下以增量形式表示的Coulomb摩擦定律表示形式；系统建立了摩擦约束弹塑性问题的Hilbert函数空间，使本文规范在一个具有合理的代数拓扑结构内进行一切操作和运算；利用Lagrange乘子，从泛函极值的角度系统地阐述和论证了一系列摩擦约束弹性、弹塑性广义变分不等原理与相应的实际问题之间的等价性，它为处理摩擦约束的弹塑性力学数值方法提供了合理的理论基础；从变分不等式的角度出发，阐述了对应于摩擦约束弹性、弹塑性问题的广义变分不等式理论，首次提出了在应力相容性条件下，它的有限元解具有存在唯一性，进而讨论了其有限元近似及离散解法；基于摩擦约束弹塑性广义变分不等式原理，首次提出了直接广义变分不等式方法，这一方法是直接变分法的合理推广和发展；利用直接广义变分不等式方法对金属压力加工中的平面变形问题、镦粗、挤压等塑性成形问题进行了分析计算，验证了该理论和数值算法的正确性、实用性、精确性和优越性。

The difference between them and the leaders has also been cut by 7 points since the Seville game, when they were 16 points adrift of Valencia, whereas they now lie just 9 off Real Madrid.

与第一名的差距从踢塞维利亚那场比赛开始缩短了7分，那个时候与榜首的瓦伦相距16分，而现在只与皇马有9分的差距。

In this paper,we first establish an equivalence between a vector variational inequality problem and a generalized variational inequality problem.

文章首先建立了向量变分不等式与广义变分不等式之间的等价关系，然后利用这个结论，建立了向量变分不等式的Levitin-Polyak适定性与广义变分不等式的Levitin- Polyak适定性之间的等价关系。

Soil fertility and elucidative density are important factors affecting biological properties of field mint, such as total leaves of main stem, quantity of stem, total leaves of small stem, quantity of efficacious leaves among these properties, total leaves of small stem relieved more influence, and the degree of influence can be impressed by the ration of total leaves of small stem to main stem.

不同施肥水平与种植密度是影响薄荷生物学性状，即单株主茎叶片数、分枝数、分枝叶片数及有效叶片数的重要因素，其中分枝叶片数影响较大，可用单株分枝叶片数与主茎叶片数之间的比值反映出影响程度大小。

Based on the present findings, it appears that all the Taiwan WAIS-Ⅲ working memory index, the single Arithmetic and the Digit Span subtests, and the span scores of the Digit Span subtest could adequately discriminate individuals without working memory impairment, but had poor sensitivity on detecting the patients who evidenced working memory impairment. Accordingly, it is suggested that clinicians should gauge the working memory index by a composite of the Arithmetic, the Digit Span, and the Letter-Number Sequencing subtests if possible. Otherwise, a caveat should be taken with care to interpret the working memory index, as estimated by a composite of the Arithmetic and the Digit Span subtests, because the chance of the increasing false negative rate becomes ineludible.

综合上述，显见WAIS-Ⅲ中文版中之工作记忆指数、单一算术及单一记忆广度分测验、或记忆广度分测验之各项广度值在区分患者有无工作记忆功能异常上皆拥有良好之区辨力，但对侦测工作记忆功能异常患者的敏感度普遍不佳，建议临床工作者应尽量取得算术、记忆广度、与数－字序列等三项分测验组合所估算之工作记忆指数；若在有限条件下，临床工作者仅能以算术与记忆广度两项分测验之组合所估算之工作记忆指数来评估受试者工作记忆，应留意假阴性比例上升的问题。

According to the cut off score of hamilton depression scale score 7 score, we took all the patients into depression group and nondepression group.

按照汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分的划界分7分将所有患者分为抑郁组与非抑郁组，同理按照汉密尔顿焦虑量表评分的划界分6分将所有患者分为焦虑组与非焦虑组。

The 3D topography of fractured surfaces was reconstructed and quantified by the means of SEM stereo pairs, image processing and analysis, and computer vision. It was shown that measured 3D roughness indexes Rs, Rq and Rmax have good positive relations to the crack propagation part of absorbed impact energy. Although fractal behavior had been checked out on the fractured surfaces, the fractal dimension was found nonsensitive to the fracture mode and mechanical properties. The geometric characteristics of fractal fractured surfaces should be quantified in fractal dimension together with absolute parameters.

利用扫描电镜立体对技术、图像处理与分析和计算机视觉方法对示波冲击断口形貌进行了三维重建和定量分析结果表明，断口三维粗糙度指数Rs，Rq和Rmax与示波冲击裂纹扩展功有很好的对应关系，显示了它们良好的应用前景断面虽然表现出分形行为，但分形维数是一个对断裂模式和性能不敏感参量对分形断口的几何特征描述应将分维和绝对尺度结合起来

By comparing the breaking velocity and time between back-up releasor and electronic releaser,the back-up one can quickly break the circuit,shortening the breaking time.

通过后备脱扣器与电子脱扣器在分断速度与分断时间进行比较，提出了后备脱扣器可迅速分断电路，缩短分断时间。

The prevalence of character limitations was significantly higher in left-behind children (64.4%) than in non-left-behind group (47.6%; x^2=21.25, P.01). The depressive symptoms score of the left-behind children was significant higher (40.4%) than that of the non left-behind group (27.8%;χ^2=13.78, P.01). Scores of EPQP and EPQN were positivey correlated with scores of CES-DC scale (r=0.198, r=0.372; P.01). Ten variables influenceing the personality traits and depressive symptoms of children were age, sex, peer interaction, parents' expectation for children, consanguineous marriage of parents satisfaction to family condition, self-estimate, academic achievement, frequency of meeting with the parents, and psychiatric history of family.

结果 留守儿童精神质、神经质得分分别为(5.25±2.56)，(9.48±5.33)分，高于非留守儿童的(4.79±2.16)，(8.10±497)分，差异有统计学意义(P.05， P.01)；留守儿童个性偏差检出率为64.4%，高于非留守儿童的47.6%(χ^2=21.25， P.01)；抑郁症状检出率为40.4%，高于非留守儿童的27.8%(χ^2=13.78， P.05)； CES-DC得分(18.24±8.65)分，高于非留守儿童的(15.85±7.45)分(P.01)；相关分析提示，EPQ中精神质、神经质量表与CES-DC呈正相关(r=0.198， r=0.372， P.01)；儿童性别、年龄、同伴交往、父母近亲结婚、家庭状况满意度、自我评价、学习成绩、与父母见面频率、父母期望、精神病家族史共10个变量影响着留守儿童的个性和抑郁情绪。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。