函数图

Firstly, system model depicted by TSIOA is transformed into an USTGSS (untimed stable label transition graph of symbolic state) which does not contain abstract time delay transitions. Then, the testing methods based on LTS are used to the generate transition sequences from USTGSS according to structural coverage criteria. Finally, a process of constructing and executing the test cases is given, in which object functions of time delay variables are imported, and time delay variables used in the transition sequences are solved dynamically by linear programming techniques.

该方法首先将时间安全输入/输出自动机描述的系统模型转换为不含抽象时间延迟迁移的稳定符号状态迁移图(untimed stable transition graph of symbolic state，简称USTGSS)；然后采用基于标号迁移系统(labeled transition system，简称LTS)的测试方法来静态生成满足各种结构覆盖标准的包含时间延迟变量迁移动作序列；最后，给出了一个根据迁移动作序列构造和执行测试用例的过程，该过程引入了时间延迟变量目标函数，并采用线性约束求解方法动态求解迁移动作序列中的时间延迟变量。

The diagram of torque is formulated by trigonometric series and used to determine the coefficients in above expansions.

扭矩图是由三角级数表示的，并用于决定上述本征函数展开式的待定系数。

The diagram of torque is formulated by trigonometric series and used to determ in e the coefficients in above expansions.

扭矩图是由三角级数表示的，并用于决定上述本征函数展开式的待定系数。

Topics covered include: finite automata and regular languages, context-free languages, Turing machines, partial recursive functions, Church's Thesis, undecidability, reducibility and completeness, time complexity and NP-completeness, probabilistic computation, and interactive proof systems.

课程项目包含：有限状态机与正规语言，情境无关语言，Turing机，部分递回函数，Church理论，不可判定性，可简化性与完整性，时间复杂度与NP-完整性，或然率计算，与交互验证系统。译注：Turing machine 一般译作"图灵机"或"图林机"，本课程依据专有名词保留原则，一律译为Turing机。

Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics, Simple Thermodynamic System, Work, Heat and First Law of Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory of the Ideal Gases, The Second Law of Thermodynamics, The Carnot Cycle and the Thermodynamic Temperature, Entropy, Phase Diagram of a Pure Substances, First-Order and Second-Order Phase Transitions, Introduction to Statistical Mechanics (including Partition for Canonical Ensemble, M-B 、 F-D 、 B-E distributions), Thermal Properties of Solids.

热物理 ( S0437)(3，0)/热力学( S0434)(3，0)温度及热力学第零定律，简单热力学系统，功，热及热力学第一定律，理想气体动力论，热力学第二定律，卡诺循环与热力学温标，熵，纯物质的相图，一阶与二阶相变，统计力学简介(包括：正则系综的配分函数，马克斯威尔-玻兹曼分布，费米-狄拉克分布，玻色-爱因斯坦分布等)，固体的热性质。

Through the research of direct search method based on 3D FEM, and its application for the tunnel slope stability analysis, the objectives of this work in this paper are as follows:1. The dynamic programming as well as its application for 3D side slope stability analysis is studied. With the introduction of graph theory concept, one kind of glide pattern of 3D slope is constructed, and the critical slip surface with smallest safety factor is searched with the aid of one auxiliary function including safety factor;2. Using the C++ programming language, the 3D slope stability analysis and the direct search procedure is established, and this method is testified applicably by some contrast analysis, also some influence factor in analysis is discussed;3. Integrated with the different actual situation in tunnel slope, considered its excavation, timbering and rain infiltration, its stability influence and rule is researched used this method, also some processing measure is proposed.

本文通过对三维有限元直接搜索法的研究，并将其应用于隧道边坡的稳定性分析中，主要的研究内容有：1、研究了动态规划原理及其在三维边坡稳定性分析中的应用，引入图论概念，构筑出一种边坡三维滑裂面的滑动模式，借助一个包含安全系数的辅助函数并通过动态搜索求得临界滑裂面与最小安全系数；2、采用C++程序设计语言，编制出边坡三维稳定性分析以及直接搜索法的程序，通过一些算例的对比分析，验证本文方法的适用性，并讨论了三维分析中的一些影响因素。3、结合隧道边坡的不同实际情况，考虑施工开挖过程、衬砌结构及降雨渗流等方面的因素，利用本文方法研究对其稳定性的影响和规律，并提出处理措施

The contents include the layout optimization models of the difform graph elements, the optimality conditions , the optimality functions, the optimization algorithms for the subproblems, the algorithms for the non-overlap constraints and the unproved genetic algorithm.

主要包括不同图元的布局优化模型、子问题的最优性条件、最优性函数和优化算法、判断不干涉性算法及改进的遗传算法。

In this paper,a two dimension mathematical model of the interferential plane is brought out,and the function of the interferogram is established.

通过建立干涉面光强分布的二维数学模型，确立了干涉图函数的数学表达式，从调制度、相位误差和频率噪声的角度，对动镜倾斜误差进行了系统分析。

To analyze the intersystem EMC more distinctly, the method based on port data is presented. The coupling relation between ports is analyzed and the corresponding figure is drawn in the method. EMC of the intersystem can be analyzed by coupling-function and the interference data of port, which are obtained from test .calculation or specified standard.

为了更清晰地分析系统内电磁兼容性，提出了基于端口数据的系统级电磁兼容性分析方法，该方法分析系统内各部件端口之间的耦合关系，画出耦合关系图，然后根据端口的干扰数据（测试、计算或标准规定的数据）和传递函数分析系统的电磁兼容性。

Digital image process technique is used in pantographic faults monitoring, and a new algorithm named window-edge tracking is proposed in this paper. Based on the binary image of edges which is detected by Canny operator, a window in proper size is set to track the discontinuous edges to estimate the position of the lost edges. With this method continuous edges will be obtained, and continuous and smooth edges will be got after least-squares curve-fitting.

中文摘要：将数字图像处理技术应用于受电弓故障监测，提出一种新型的窗口边缘跟踪算法，在采用Canny算子计算出边缘二值图的基础上，设置适当大小的窗口对初始不连续边缘进行遍历，估计断点处边缘点位置获得连续边缘，并采用最小二乘法拟和出连续平滑的曲线函数。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。