出血后的

Background: The neuron death resulting from traumatic brain injury can be classified into 3 types:(1)neuron death due to primary injury;(2)neuron necrosis due to secondary injury such as hemorrhage, compression, anoxemia and ischemia;(3)neuron apoptosis due to inflammatory factor, cytokine,, excitatory transmitter, Ca~(2+) overload and oxygen radical et al.

引言创伤性脑损伤所致的神经元死亡主要有三种：①原发性损伤所致的神经元直接死亡；②外伤后出血、压迫、缺血缺氧等继发性损伤因素所引起的神经元坏死；③炎性介质、细胞因子、兴奋性递质、Ca~(2+)超载、氧自由基等因素所诱发的神经元凋亡。

The wide variety of clinical symptoms of AIDS, the general in the early symptoms as the beginning of the cold, flu, fatigue can not afford full-body, loss of appetite, fever, weight loss, with the increase of the condition, growing number of symptoms such as skin, the skin appears white stick read coccus Infections, herpes simplex, herpes zoster, purpura, hematoma, blood blister, Xueban lag, skin vulnerable to injury, after injury, such as bleeding more than; after violations of internal organs gradually and continuously Unexplained persistent fever, it could take more than 3 -- 4 months; can cough, shortness of breath, persistent diarrhea, bloody stool, hepatosplenomegaly, complicated by malignant tumors, respiratory difficulties and so on.

艾滋病的临床症状多种多样，一般初期的开始症状象伤风、流感、全身疲劳无力、食欲减退、发热、体重减轻、随着病情的加重，症状日见增多，如皮肤、粘肤出现白色念球菌感染，单纯疱疹、带状疱疹、紫斑、血肿、血疱、滞血斑、皮肤容易损伤，伤后出血不止等；以后渐渐侵犯内脏器官，不断出现原因不明的持续性发热，可长达3-4个月；还可出现咳嗽、气短、持续性腹泻、便血、肝脾肿大、并发恶性肿瘤、呼吸困难等。

The comparison group uses the pure non-pain induced abortion technique,the experimental group uses the visible non-pain induced abortion technique,observes and records two groups of patients' the formation rate,the surgery which after surgery hemorrhage quantities,leaks attracts the colporrhagia time and the illness complication formation rate,thus compares two surgeries methods the surgery quality.

目的：探讨可视无痛人工流产术与单纯无痛人工流产术的手术质量是否不同。方法：纳入符合标准的125例门诊病人，随机分为对照组和试验组。对照组采用单纯无痛人工流产术，试验组采用可视无痛人工流产术，观察并记录两组病人在手术中的出血量、漏吸的发生率、手术后阴道出血时间及并发症的发生率，从而比较两种手术方法的手术质量。

Risk factors of mortality by univariate analysis were: outborn babies, resuscitation before admission, first born baby, low pH, high oxygen index, high alveolar- arterial oxygen tension gradient (AaDO2) at admission, high Of and AaDO2 at 2 hours after admission, shock, pneumothorax, asphyxia, pulmonary hemorrhage, persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn, and renal failure. Logistic regression analysis showed asphyxia, pneumothorax and PPHN are the most important risk factors of mortality in MAS. How to diminish these events is the key point for reducing the mortality rate of MAS.

又变项分析显示，死亡危险因子包括院外出生婴儿，黑心诊时需急救，第一胎，刚入院时的Ph、OI、AaDO2，住院后2小时的OI、AaDO2，休克、气胸、室息、肺出血、新生儿肺动脉高压；回归分析则显示窒息，气胸及新生儿肺动脉高压是死亡的危险因子，如何减少这些事故，将是降低便吸入症候群死亡的重要因素。

To pay attention to carry out effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation, hemostasis by compression and deep vein intubation rapidly in the initial stage of emergency. The carotid shunt tube plays an important role in severe carotid injury and re-establishment process. We use external jugular vein to transplant and re-establish,which are rung with artificial blood vessels for the long distance carotid injury and achieved the best result. We expose as fully as possible for the hepatic venae and the posthepatic post caval injury,and adopt effective methods to stop bleeding and repair. The application of blood shunt pump could raise the success rate for those severe patients. The self-double vastransplantation with both ends being all trousers-style one opening solve some problems such as there are no suitable caliber self-transplantation blood vessels and the artificial blood vessels are easy to occur obliteration for long-term and so on for the great or middle blood vessels.We use improved Fogarty duct and anterograde intubation to eliminate thrombus could eliminate thrombus effectively and avoid accessory injury for the deep vein injury and extensive thrombosis.

抢救初期要注意进行有效的心肺复苏、压迫止血和快速进行深静脉插管；颈动脉转流管在严重颈动脉损伤重建过程中有重要作用；对长距离颈动脉损伤用颈外静脉移植外环包人造血管重建，可取得最佳效果；对肝静脉及肝后下腔静脉损伤，要充分暴露，采用有效方法止血和修复，对病情极危重的凶险性出血者，血液转流泵的应用可提高成功率；对大、中血管损伤，两端均为裤式单开口自体双血管移植，解决了无适宜口径自体移植血管和应用人造血管远期易闭塞等问题；对深静脉损伤并广泛血栓形成者，应用改进的Fogarty导管和顺行插管取栓法，可有效取栓并避免了副损伤。

To pay attention to carry out effective cardiopulmonary resus-citation,hemostasis by compression and deep vein intubation rapidly in the initial stage of emergency.The carotid shunt tube plays an important role in severe carotid injury and re-establishment process.We use external jugular vein to transplant and re-establish,which are rungwith artificial blood vessels for the long distance carotid injury and achieved the best result.We expose as fully as possible for the hepatic venae and the posthepatic post caval injury,and adopt effective methods to stop bleeding and repair.The application of blood shunt pump could raise the success rate for those severe patients.The self-double vastransplantation with both ends being all trousers-style one opening solve some problems such as there are no suitable caliber self-transplantation blood vessels and the artificial blood vessels are easy to occur obliteration for long-term and so on for the great or middle blood vessels.We use improved Fogarty duct and anterograde intubation to eliminate thrombus could eliminate thrombus effectively and avoid accessory injury for the deep vein injury and extensive thrombosis.

抢救初期要注意进行有效的心肺复苏、压迫止血和快速进行深静脉插管；颈动脉转流管在严重颈动脉损伤重建过程中有重要作用；对长距离颈动脉损伤用颈外静脉移植外环包人造血管重建，可取得最佳效果；对肝静脉及肝后下腔静脉损伤，要充分暴露，采用有效方法止血和修复，对病情极危重的凶险性出血者，血液转流泵的应用可提高成功率；对大、中血管损伤，两端均为裤式单开口自体双血管移植，解决了无适宜口径自体移植血管和应用人造血管远期易闭塞等问题；对深静脉损伤并广泛血栓形成者，应用改进的Fogarty导管和顺行插管取栓法，可有效取栓并避免了副损伤。

The path-physiological mechanism of ICH is complicated, which includes the high intracranial pressure caused by hematom mechanical pressure, the lesion by the decrease of regional cerebral blood flow surrouding the hematom, even regions adjacent to the hematom, Meanwhile, the materials released from hematom including ferrohemoglobin, thrombase, plasma protein and platelet, leucocyte, glusate not only directly injury neurons but also blood brain barrier.

脑出血的病理生理学机制复杂，其中包括血肿的机械压迫所造成的持续的脑缺血性损害；血肿分解后产生的血红蛋白、凝血酶、血浆蛋白、血小板和白细胞、谷氨酸、自由基等毒性物质不仅可直接损伤神经元，而且可损害血脑屏障加重脑水肿。

Results: after one course of treatment, total effective rate of low molecular weight heparin and low molecular weight heparin combine with ginkgo bilobate extract were 80.0% and 88.9% separately,much higher than total effective rate of ginkgo bilobate extract 71.1%. the change of the blood rheology in pretherapy and post-treatmen had statistical significance. in the group of treating with low molecular weight heparin combine with ginkgo bilobate extract had the higher total effective rate and much evident change than the other groups, at the same time no bleeding tendency and other adverse reactions were found.

结果：1个疗程后低分子肝素组总有效率为80.0%、联合用药组总有效率为88.9%，明显高于银杏达莫组的71.1%，而且治疗前后血流变学的变化亦有显著性的差异，特别以联合用药组的总有效率最高和血流变学变化最明显，同时未发现出血倾向等不良反应。

After bleeding sloped, the hemoglobin amount in films or gauzes were measured to determine the hemostatic effect Using a randomized design, one incision in each animal was treated with C-CM membrane, the influence of C-CM film on the growth of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 27853. Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Monil lia albicans ATCC 14053)were observed in vitro with solid medium. Rusults: It was observed that C-CM membrane had no toxic effects on surrounding tissue and was slowly degraded after implanted into rat leg muscular porch ; The results of hemostatic experiment showed that C-CM film adhered well to incisions.

结果：C-CM膜植入动物肌肉中，周围组织无明显炎症，未发现组织变性和坏死，可在组织内缓慢降解，具有良好的组织相容性，6周后反应接近外科缝合丝线组；止血实验结果发现：C-CM膜组和纱布组的出血时间分别为83.5±9.333s和117±15.9275s，血红蛋白光度吸收值为0.9204±0.7559和1.9764±0.7205，二组比较差异显著(P＜0.05)，说明C-CM膜有一定的止血作用；促进创面愈合实验结果显示：不同时间段C-CM膜组肉芽组织较对照组厚，其中胶原纤维含量亦较多，C-CM膜组的创面愈合时间早于空白对照组，伤口愈合较快；抑菌实验显示C-CM膜对三种菌产生接触性抑制。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。