出故障的

The effect of tribology factors on bearing vibration is studied experimentally. AR model and WPT are used to processing the normal arid abnormal signals. The results are as follows:1. The vibration of ball bearings is caused by the tribology action of contact pairs of ball and ring races and has the essential of tribo-dynamics. Any factors affecting the tribology characteristics of contact pairs will affect vibration and noise of bearings consequently.2. Vibration characteristics of bearing keep almostly unchanged with the increasing of axial load expecting the increasing of nature frequencies. When radial load increasing with axial load unchanged, nature frequencies keep unchanged but some new vibration peaks appears in the spectrum.3. Vibration amplitudes are damped and nature frequency are enhanced with sufficient lubrication. Vibration and noise of bearings increase obviously and roar can happen and the contact surfaces scratch slightly under insufficient and unclean lubrication state. Bearing will be disabled in a few minutes without any lubrication.4. Bearing vibration is unstable under low speed. With the speed increasing, the vibration become stable and natural frequencies increase slightly but the amplitudes increase apparently.5. Bearing vibration can be excited only by some harmonics ofwaviness without lubrication and by all harmonics with lubrication based on the theoretical analysis.6. The nature frequencies of ball bearings decrease with the increasing sizes. When international clearance increasing, nature frequencies decrease in radial and increase in axial and angular and the amplitudes increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular. When the number of balls increasing, nature frequencies increase and amplitudes decrease. When the pitch diameter increasing, axial nature frequency increase and others nearly keep no change. When outer race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular and amplitudes keep no change in radial and increase in axial and angular. When inner race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies decrease and amplitudes increase.7. The distortion in amplitude and frequency components of bearing vibration signals picked up by the present probe measurement method is founded and right conclusions cannot be achieved by the signals. When accelerometer is rigidly screwed with steel stud onto a flat outer surface of a ball bearing, vibration signal can be got without distortion and the reliability of research on bearing vibration is assured.8. AR model is suitable for large samples of bearing vibration signals, square root of length of samples can be used as the upper limitation of order determination and the FPE order selection criterion is effective. Many advantages of AR spectrum are founded over the classical based on FFT.9. Time-Frequency analysis is necessary for abnormal noise of ball bearings. WPT overcomes the principle shortcomings of STFT and proved to be a best tool to process the abnormal signals.

理论分析和试验研究表明： 1球轴承振动是钢球—滚道接触副中的各种摩擦学作用引起的，具有摩擦动力学的本质，任何对接触副的摩擦学特性有影响的因素都将对球轴承的振动和噪声特性产生影响； 2中心轴向载荷作用下，载荷增大使球轴承的固有振动频率升高，载荷越大同样的载荷增幅引起的频率升幅减小，足够大的中心轴向载荷作用下载荷的变化对球轴承振动的频率特性不会产生明显的影响； 3轴向和径向联合载荷作用下，径向载荷不大时球轴承振动的固有频率基本不变，但是可能引起变刚度激励的非线性振动，出现新的频峰，过大的径向载荷将使部分钢球脱离接触，使球轴承的振动和噪声呈现不稳定状态； 4润滑对球轴承的振动和噪声特性有重要的影响，良好的润滑对振动有明显的抑制作用，润滑不充分时，振动和噪声的水平会有明显增高，一定条件下还会激发接触副中的谐振，发出啸声，造成接触表面的伤害，无润滑干接触时，短时的运转就会损伤接触副表面，使振动和噪声迅速增大，并随时可能引发严重的磨损和卡滞失效；接触副润滑良好时，油膜的"刚化效应"使球轴承振动的固有频率有所提高，润滑剂中含有弥散性污浊时，振动的幅度总体升高，但弥散性污浊不会改变球轴承振动的频率特性；浙江大学博士学位论文：球轴承振动的研究 5低速时，球轴承振动的基本特征呈现不稳定状态，随着转速的提高，球轴承振动的频率特性趋于稳定，固有频率频峰升高； 6理论分析表明，干接触时钢球和滚道表面波纹度的某些谐波分量能激励球轴承的振动，振动的幅值与谐波幅值成正比，实际球轴承中钢球的分布不可能完全均匀，波纹度的激励作用会随时发生；润滑接触的分析表明，波纹度的任意谐波分量均能激励球轴承的振动； 7球轴承的几何和结构参数分析表明，球轴承尺寸越大，径向、轴向和角振动的固有频率越低；钢球中心圆直径增大，球轴承的径向和轴向振动的固有频率基本不变，角振动的固有频率有所上升，振动的幅频特性基本不变；径向游隙加大使球轴承的径向振动固有频率降低，轴向和角振动的固有频率有所升高，径向振动幅频特性的幅值升高，而轴向和角向降低；钢球的数量增多使球轴承振动的固有频率上升，幅频特性的幅值下降，径向振动的幅值下降最为明显；外圈沟曲率半径系数增大使球轴承径向振动的固有频率升高，轴向和角振动的固有频率降低，径向幅频特性基本不变，轴向和角向幅频特性幅值升高；内圈沟曲率半径系数增大使径向、轴向和角振动固有频率均下降，振动幅频特性的幅值均有升高； 8试验对比表明，传感器采用探针式安装时，由于探针接触副接触特性的影响，钡(量得到的球轴承振动信号有失真，采用专门设计和制作的试验球轴承，以固定式安装加速度计，首次测量得到了球轴承振动的真实信号，通过对振动信号的分析，验证了球轴承振动的理论模型； 9)基于时间序列分析的AR模型适用于大样本球轴承振动信号的分析，以样本长度的均方根值作定阶上界，FPE做判阶准则，给出的AR谱光滑，频率分辨率高，是球轴承振动分析的简便而可靠的手段； 10以时频域分析的小波包变换分析球轴承异音信号能够比较好地定位和聚焦异音发生的时间，时间间隔，频率范围，同样是球轴承振动分析的可靠的手段，可用作球轴承故障诊断技术。

The substantial Mosaic authenticity and integrity of the Pentateuch remains intact if it be granted that in the long course of centuries the work has suffered several modifications, as; post-Mosaic additions either appended by an inspired author or inserted into the text as glosses and explanations; the translation of certain words and forms out of an antiquated language into the recent form of speech; finally, wrong readings due to the fault of transcribers, which one may investigate and pass sentence on according to the laws of criticism.

大量的马赛克真实性和完整性的pentateuch保持不变，如果它被理所当然地认为，在长期的过程世纪的工作受到了若干修改，正如；后花叶增补或者附加一灵感的作者或插入到文本美化和解释；翻译某些字眼和形式，走出了一个过时的语言，到最近的形式讲话；最后，错读，由于故障transcribers ，其中可调查，并通过一句就根据法律的批评。

The first-part of this paper evaluates the main stability theories concerned and concludes the conceptualization steps and essentials covering the various methods. Different disturbed-measure functions are studied in terms of their formulations and characteristics. Both Lyapunov functions and TEFs can be constructed only in a heuristic way of case-by-case. Ignoring changes in the disturbed-measure function's value after clearing the fault, Lyapunov functions and TEFs are applicable to neither nonautonomous one-machine infinite-bus systems nor any multimachine systems. Moreover, TEFs cannot guarantee the sign of errors because they don't satisfy the conditions for Lyapunov functions.

作为第1篇，文中归纳出这3种方法的共同分析步骤和要素，并比较各种受扰程度函数，指出：李雅普诺夫函数和TEF的建立都必须从具体模型出发并只能依靠启发的方式，它们没有考虑受扰程度函数的值在故障清除后的变化，因此既不适用于复杂模型的单机系统，也不适用于任何多机系统；又由于这2种方法都基于很强的假设，故分析的误差可能非常大，而TEF法更是由于不满足李雅普诺夫函数的条件而可能得到冒进的结果。

Celebrate Lyrics - stearing to this tunnel of life it ain't a far sight in the dark searching for god's light so cold I got frost bite lost kite from the prison this system got these young niggaz lost like mice in a maze rollin dice to the grave some say it's just the price of the fame reality strike, repeat the same tragedy twice all I'm thinkin man it had to be life when the casualties rise plan plotting 'til your strategy dies black cotton till i've gotten what's mine I don't travel the globe stood firm with an average of 4 I was almost cut down like a half of a stole but you know that ain't how we roll from a soldier to a general go leadin' still do what I'm told I got the soul of a old head in the young niggaz bodies we don't put this gun in nobody you don't wanna know no homie what is really goin on shit is real couldn't tell you everything in a song man the pain is so personal so deep I couldn't explain it in words for ya I don't sleep I can rest when I'm dead cause I'm blessed while I'm here through the rain, pain blood, sweat and tears dedicated to underdogs that wanna see us make it we make it, they make it this calls for celebration all around the world we about to celebrate the mamas ain't crying no mo my niggaz ain't dying no mo tell me do you wanna go I mean it's kinda like a holiday kinda like a white tray on silver day kinda like jamaica in may when all my people celebrate I wasn't born with a silver spoon my mama was poor in the delivery room but we gon make it look done made it cops still goin strong mom poppin the greatest life been good to a nigga I remember bout the hood and how I could do a nigga but not me I been good to a nigga I support not no more i'm a hood rich nigga now and I'm hangin like wet clothes the fresh white frisbee tee countin bank rows I ain't botherin with you stank hoes another problem bith I got enough for those me, myself I don't need nothin else but a good mind and some good health that's all I got on my wish list pop a bottle what's the celebration bithes we ain't sayin that it's all good now any hood USA man it still goes down but despite of all that we gon still have a good time toss a few back celebrate the fact that my kids still eatin man I'm glad I'm still breathin glad I got my ratchet cause the snakes still creapin man I got a lawyer cause the law still cheatin listen, big bottles of drank big weed in my pocket nigga I got stanks we gon drank, we gon smoke till we damn near faint and after all that we gon do it again this is for the good time so we get some mo if we don't we gon smile on the ones before if you got real ones man hug your folks cause you never know when it gon go so celebrate

庆祝歌曲-稳坐在这个隧道的生命是不是一个迷宫小鼠远视力在黑暗中寻找神的光明，我喜欢寒冷霜冻咬了风筝失去了这种从监狱系统niggaz失去了这些年轻罗兰骰子到坟墓有人说这只是执行价格的名声现实，重复同样的悲剧两次，将所有的人，我想着它必须生活在伤亡人数上升密谋计划'直到你的策略，直到去世黑色棉花我得到什么是我的，我不站在全球的旅游公司与4我几乎平均削减一半，像一个一个偷，但你知道不我们如何从一个士兵到轧辊一般去引入线'还是做什么我告诉我的灵魂得到了niggaz的年轻一岁的机构负责人在我们不把你这把枪没有人不希望不知道什么是真正亲密的狗屎布莱恩的，是真正的人不能告诉你一切在一首歌曲的痛苦是如此深刻，以致我个人无法解释它为ya话，我不睡觉，我可以休息时，我死因为我祝福的同时我在这里通过雨水，疼痛鲜血，汗水和泪水，致力于弱者想要看到我们使我们能去的，他们使这是值得庆祝所有世界各地的我们将要庆祝妈妈的孩子是我没有哭没有谟niggaz不是死无模告诉我你想不想去我的意思是在有点儿像牙买加这样的假期天有点儿有点儿像一盘银白色的可能时，我所有的人们庆祝我不是同一个房间银匙出生我的妈妈在分娩较差，但我们健使它看起来做了它强大的警察仍然布莱恩妈妈屁股最大的生活好了，我记得一个nigga回合的引擎盖，以及如何我可以做一个nigga但不是我好，我被一nigga我不支持没有更多的我是一个引擎盖丰富的nigga，现在我喜欢湿衣服犹豫不决清新的白色飞盘发球countin银行行我不惹你发臭锄头另一个有点问题我得到的够我自己，我不需要别的没什么好主意，但一些好健康这就是我得到了我的愿望清单弹出一个瓶子有什么庆祝位住户开支统计调查我们是不是sayin这一切都很好现在任何引擎盖美国男子仍出现故障，但尽管所有我们坤仍有一个良好的时间折腾几回庆祝的是，我的孩子仍然eatin人我很高兴我还是很高兴我得到了我的呼吸棘轮导致蛇人仍然creapin我得到了律师事业在法律上仍然不忠听，袖珍的nigga大杂草在我的大瓶喝我喝了斯坦克斯我们健，所以我们得到一些，我们坤烟，直到我们该死的近微弱，毕竟，我们坤时间再做这是为好钼如果我们不，我们的那些健微笑之前，如果你有真正的男人拥抱你的乡亲，因为你从来不知道什么时候健走那么庆祝

I also thought that the beginning of the phenomenon of the failure was due to display card driver caused the destruction, so I right-click the desktop system, the "My Computer" icon on the shortcut menu from the pop-up the implementation of "property "command, open the System Properties settings window, click the window of the" hardware "tab, and in the corresponding tab page, click" Device Manager "button, open the device list window, use the mouse to start the window "Show card" option, and then double-click the mouse "standard VGA graphics adapter" project, open the corresponding project page the driver tab, click the tab page in the "Uninstall" button to display the current card driver procedure removed, and then restart the computer system, then let the system automatically re-installed the graphics card driver.

开始阶段笔者还以为该故障现象是由于显示卡驱动程序遭到破坏引起的，于是笔者用鼠标右键单击系统桌面中的&我的电脑&图标，从弹出的快捷菜单中执行&属性&命令，打开系统的属性设置窗口，单击该窗口中的&硬件&标签，并在对应的标签页面中单击&设备管理器&按钮，打开系统的设备列表窗口，用鼠标展开该窗口中的&显示卡&选项，再用鼠标双击&标准 VGA 图形适配器&项目，打开对应项目的驱动程序标签页面，单击该标签页面中的&卸载&按钮，来将当前的显示卡驱动程序删除掉，之后将计算机系统重新启动了一下，同时让系统自动重新安装了显示卡驱动程序。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。