出故障的

In chapter 5, heat mechanism and heat radiating forms of the hydraulic system faults are studied. Based on relationship between degree of the hydraulic system faults and thermal image shapes, multi-scale entropy of temperature field is taken to express the fault degree. Entropy of low frequency means its absolute temperature, and entropy of high-frequency means distribution of temperature field.

同时针对系统故障程度的不同，提出了用温度场的熵进行表征的思路，通过多尺度小波对原热场图像进行小波变换，提取其中低频分量的熵用来衡量其绝对温度大小，提取高频分量的熵来衡量其温度场的分布，给出了实验结果，通过实验结果分析，证明这种分析方法是可行的。

Based on theory of fuzzy sets and method of confirming index weight in AHP model, we establish respectively the quality comprehensively evaluating fuzzy models of the condition monitoring system, condition monitoring and analysing system, condition monitoring and analysing and fault diagnostic system of large rotating machines. We propose and establish the calculating formulas to assess the confidence level about application of the maximum subordinative rule.

基于模糊综合评定理论并结合AHP模型理论中确定指标权重系数的方法，分别建立了机组状态监测系统、机组状态监测分析系统和机组状态监测分析及故障诊断系统品质的模糊评定模型，针对模糊综合评定理论中最大隶属度原则的不足，提出了验证实施最大隶属度原则置信度的方法，给出了相应的计算公式。

Firstly, this paper reviews the development history of the methods of fault line selection for single phase to earth fault in networks with ungrounded neutral in China and other countries.

回顾了国内外小接地电流系统单相接地故障选线方法发展的历史，对现有的各种选线原理和方案做了系统的归纳，提出了尚需解决的问题，并给出了分析的结论。

In the design part of the PLC control, the paper has explained the design process of the PLC I/O hookup, provided the choice result of the PLC and the PLC I/O elements, and has explained the design process of the PLC user program in detail, which includes the exposition to the design process of the public program, manual program, autoloading program signal showing and trouble alarm program.

在PLC控制的设计部分中，阐述了PLC I/O接线图的设计过程，给出PLC及其输入/输出元件的选择结果，详细地阐述了PLC用户程序的设计过程，其中包括对公用程序、手动程序、自动程序、信号显示与故障报警程序的设计过程的阐述。

The application of BP nerval network to failure diagnosis of hydraulic systems in construction machinery is studied. Through collection of the system data, derivation of eigenvectors and structure of classifiers, a learning algorithm is established on the basis of network training. Tests show that satisfactory results can be obtained by the nerval network.

将BP神经网络理论应用于工程机械液压系统故障诊断中进行研究，通过系统数据的采集、特征向量的提取和分类器的构造，在对网络进行训练的基础上，建立了学习算法，通过试验可以看出神经网络能给出的满意结果。

The algorithm is to find all the alternatives of power service restoration paths to the isolated subsystem firstly, and then the optimum scheme may be determined according to the magnitude of the first order moment of the load that the isolated system should transfer to different liaison nodes.

该方法首先对故障元件隔离之后的&孤立岛&求出所有可能的恢复供电路径，根据需要转移的负荷到各路径联络节点的一阶负荷矩的大小，确定最佳的供电恢复方案。

Detailed discussion about distribution and changes of the current in every rotor bar and end ring, the relationship between the number of broken-bar and fault features in stator current after broken bar fault appearing was shown.

转子断条位置对电机影响很大，过去没有引起人们的重视，该文对此进行深入研究，分析电机转子断条位置与故障特征量之间的关系，转子断条位置与转子导条电流、转子端环电流之间的关系，并总结出其规律，指出哪些位置导条进一步断裂的可能性较大。

An optimum operation model is provided to determine reference states of condenser system, which can calculate energy loss values of condenser system in variable conditions, and can be used to diagnose troubles of condenser system.

提出了凝汽器优化模型和确定凝汽器运行的基准工况的方法，给出了变工况下凝汽器系统能量损失值的计算方法，可用于凝汽器系统的运行优化和故障诊断。

The paper expatiates the car trouble diagnostic tool and the tool software and hardware s implementation,the tool bases on an embed system the core of which is PIC18F452 single chip processor.

阐述基于以PIC18F452单片机为核心的嵌入式系统的汽车故障诊断仪及其软硬件的实现，并详细介绍该仪器的诊断原理、诊断协议和诊断方法，然后给出系统流程图，最后进行总结和展望。

But soon she came swiftly back to the rock-bound lanes of Manhattan, and the typewriter began to rattle and jump like a strike- breaker's motor-car.

但很快，她回到了曼哈顿的石砌的巷道里，她的打字机开始跳动起来，发出像汽车出了故障一样的咔嗒咔嗒声。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。