出故障的

A few robots cross in the unreal time of days , or they bump into furniture, or conk out after three-quarters of the way. In December 1990, after a decade of effort, graduate students at Carnegie Mellon University 's Field Robotics Center wired together a robot that slowly walked all the way across a courtyard.

有些机器人要么磨磨蹭蹭花上数天的时间，要么莽莽撞撞一头碰到家具上，要么刚走完四分之三就出了故障。1990年 12月，在经过了 10年的努力之后，卡耐基－梅隆大学"野地机器人学中心" [7]的研究生们终于组装出了一台机器人，并命名为"漫步者"。

Thirdly, it collect the ship mechanical accidents of the main Chinese shipping company ,and then sorts them out as four items: equipmentname, typical trouble, monitoring parameters, consequence; uncovers the internal relation among man,machine,circumstance and management, establishes a relation database between condition monitoring and typical trouble for the engine-room equipments ; refering to the SMSC-2000 marine engine-room simulator in Shanghai Maritime University, it divides the engine-room system into eight subsystems, designs the monitoring interfaces which is marked with the monitoring parameters, detects the running engine-room machine by use of trouble analysis and information syncretizing, and builds up the condition monitoring system of engine-room machines.

其次，对近十几年来的国内主要航运企业中的重大船舶机损事故搜集，按设备名称、典型故障、监测参数和后果进行整理、分析和总结；揭示了船舶机损事故中人、机、环境和管理之间的内在联系：以我院的轮机模拟器SMSC-2000参照，把船舶机舱各设备划分为8大系统，确定了标注有监测参数的各系统简图，并运用信息融合和故障诊断技术对机舱重要设备的运行状态进行监测，建立起机舱设备的运行监测系统。再次，提出了以人、机、环境和管理四大安全要素为评估指标，给出了四者间的权重系数计算方法，提出了线性加权综合模型来最终对机舱设备进行安全评估，得出安全等级，指导船舶管理人员进行管理。

Influencing reliability of oil well pump can be determined with this method.

故障树分析可以描绘出系统失效和零部件失效的逻辑因果关系，能够给出抽油泵中影响可靠性的一些共性因素。

First, the importance of synchronized sampling based on GPS for power system is introduced. Second. the generalscheme of GPS-synchronized sampling unit developed by the authors is presented. Then, the design scheme of each part ofthe GPS-synchronized sampling unit is presented in detail.

介绍了基于 GPS同步采样在继电保护和自动装置等方面的作用，提出了实现 GPS同步采样的方案，详细给出了基于 GPS同步采样单元的设计方案，并给出了其在故障定位和输电线路参数测量中的应用举例。

I n the end, embedded motion control system in vx Works and the active diagnosis and fault-tolerant control system are developed in this paper, with the results of simulation and the trial in a lake.

最后探讨了嵌入式运动控制系统，给出水下机器人运动控制系统在vxWorks下的实现，建立水下机器人动态故障诊断与容错控制系统，并给出仿真结果和湖试试验结果。

Digital image process technique is used in pantographic faults monitoring, and a new algorithm named window-edge tracking is proposed in this paper. Based on the binary image of edges which is detected by Canny operator, a window in proper size is set to track the discontinuous edges to estimate the position of the lost edges. With this method continuous edges will be obtained, and continuous and smooth edges will be got after least-squares curve-fitting.

中文摘要：将数字图像处理技术应用于受电弓故障监测，提出一种新型的窗口边缘跟踪算法，在采用Canny算子计算出边缘二值图的基础上，设置适当大小的窗口对初始不连续边缘进行遍历，估计断点处边缘点位置获得连续边缘，并采用最小二乘法拟和出连续平滑的曲线函数。

The laws of the over-voltages during restrikes and of the ground-fault currents are shown.

给出了重燃弧暂态过电压和接地故障电流的规律，并给出了物理解释。

The appraisal and the finding of current mill condition , the forecasting of conditiontrend ,fault diagnosis 、maintenance strategy arithmetic and decision-making deducingprocess.To enhance software function of equipment management information system, mill condition-based maintenance software aided system is developed,it can save mill condition data into equipment information management platform,through mill software module to analysis sequenced detection data and automaticly give the appraisal of current mill condition , the forecasting of condition trend ,fault diagnosis,maintenance strategy and decision-making suggestion for mill technician as a reference to decide whether tostart mill condition-based maintenance.

在燃煤电厂既有的设备点检和大小修管理信息系统软件平台的基础上，进一步开发磨煤机的状态检修软件支持系统模块，能存储磨煤机的状态点检数据入设备信息管理平台，通过磨煤机状态检修软件支持系统模块对一段时间内的磨煤机点检数据进行处理从而给出磨煤机当前状态的分析与评价，磨煤机状态趋势的预测，磨煤机的故障分析、故障原因查找和解决措施，将最终的维修决策建议提供给磨煤机的专业技术维修人员和管理决策者参考，结合软件分析和人工经验的干预以决定是否开始磨煤机的状态检修。

The results of research show that the proposed method could effectively diagnose the cut or crack fault by detecting the discharge in the DC feeder cable.

研究结果表明检测直流馈出电缆是否发生放电能够较好的发现直流馈出电缆破损故障。

A few robots cross in the unreal time of days , or they bump into furniture, or conk out after three-quarters of the way. In December 1990, after a decade of effort, graduate students at Carnegie Mellon University 's Field Robotics Center wired together a robot that slowly walked all the way across a courtyard.

有些机器人要么撞大运挪了一段，要么一头撞到家具上，要么走完四分之三就出了故障。1990年12月，努力了10年之后，卡耐基－梅隆大学&野地机器人学中心& [8]的研究生们终于组装出了一台机器人。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。