凯恩斯理论

Economic Law ; Keynesianism ; social security system ; fair competition ; harmonious society

经济法；凯恩斯理论；社会保障制度；公平竞争；和谐社会

NARRATOR: It took a world war for Keynesianism to become government policy.

旁白：经过世界大战，凯恩斯理论变成了政府政策。

But one thing I gather people don't know is that there's a dissonance between what Germany says and what it does: the Finance minister denounces Keynesianism, but at least according to the IMF Germany's actual stimulus package is quite substantial - comparable to that of the United States!

但是我收集人们不知道的一个证据，在德国人说的什么和他们做的什么存在不一致的情况：金融部长谴责凯恩斯理论，但是至少根据国际货币基金组织德国的实际上的刺激一揽子计划是相当扎实的--可以与美国的计划相提并论。

So a left economic policy based on Keynesianism, when Keynesianism has entered the mainstream, isn't very powerful.

因此当凯恩斯学说成了主流，左派的某项基于凯恩斯理论的经济政策，就失去了其力度。

But the ruling classes are desperately grabbing bits of Keynesianism.

可是统治阶级正拼命地抓住凯恩斯理论的片段不放。

So theres a lot of examples in the USs and other countries histories that were essentially applications of Keynes ideas.

因此在美国和其他国家的历史上就有了许多实际上实施凯恩斯理论的例证。

In the early 1980s,under the Reagan Administration, the traditional Keynesian theory was replaced by new monetarist

但美国经济还是出现连年的经济滞胀，于是，在80年代初期，在里根政府的领导下，传统的凯恩斯理论被新的货币主义政策所代替。

But the American economy was still plagued by stagflation. In the early 1980s,under the Reagan Administration, the traditional Keynesian theory was replaced by new monetarist policies.

但美国经济还是出现连年的经济滞胀，于是，在80年代初期，在里根政府的领导下，传统的凯恩斯理论被新的货币主义政策所代替。

But neoclassical theorists depart from the essence of the Keynesian aggregate theory when they try to develop it. They use static and comparative static method that is the Walras equilibrium, to explain the dynamic aggregate relations thatKeynes wanted to explain. In doing so, their theories fall into logical paradoxes and in order to avoid the difficulty neoclassical theory only can be applied to the barter economy.

而新古典理论家在阐释发展凯恩斯总量理论的过程中，背离了凯恩斯本人的初衷，用静态和比较静态的瓦尔拉斯一般均衡框架来解释凯恩斯要说明的总量关系，结果使理论陷于各种逻辑问题，为避免逻辑矛盾，该理论只适用于分析以物易物的实物经济关系。

But neoclassical theorists depart from the essence of the Keynesian aggregate theory when they try to develop it. They use static and comparative static method that is the Walras equilibrium, to explain the dynamic aggregate relations that Keynes wanted to explain. In doing so, their theories fall into logical paradoxes and in order to avoid the difficulty neoclassical theory only can be applied to the barter economy.

而新古典理论家在阐释发展凯恩斯总量理论的过程中，背离了凯恩斯本人的初衷，用静态和比较静态的瓦尔拉斯一般均衡框架来解释凯恩斯要说明的总量关系，结果使理论陷于各种逻辑问题，为避免逻辑矛盾，该理论只适用于分析以物易物的实物经济关系。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。