几何的

Shadow effect can not be neglected for thermal analysis of spacecraft,Accroding to the angle between solar light and antenna orbit plane and its orbit location,analytical geometry method was used for accurately calculating solar radiation heat flux distribution of reflector surfaces.To analyze the temperature field under heat flux,the formulations of net radiation flux density between two gray elements and the net flux density of gray surface under external thermal flux were deduced.Based on the characteristic of space environment,the nonlinear temperature distribution in transverse direction of reflector shell self radiation were considered,the finite element formulations were given for orthogonal material layered shell by Galerkin method.A layered element including a inner heat source layer was proposed,and the finite element formulation expressed by DOF of the inner heat source layer were put forward with temperature and heat flux boundarys between adjacent layer.

单馈反射面赋形天线是未来星载天线发展的一个重要形式，分析了基于物理光学、几何光学和几何绕射理论的理想反射面辐射场；介绍了基于几何光学的反射面天线赋形方法；针对赋形过程中辐射场的快速分析要求，比较分析了基于物理光学的Fourier-Bessel和Jacobi-Bessel级数展开方法以及GB展开分析方法；利用GB展开快速分析方法在20GHz频率下对0.6m口径的天线进行赋形分析，实现中国大陆的30dB增益覆盖，通过数值计算研究了固定增益期望下的口径尺寸随频率的变化，以及频率为20GHz的不同尺寸天线赋形后的覆盖目标区域最大增益的变化情况。

In Chapter 1,some elementary knowledge was introduced,such as theBernstein-Bezier representation for polynomials,conform triangulation,theconditions of convexity for Bézier spline surfaces,the funtional andgeometric continuity condition for neibour Bézier surface patches etc.,specially,based on the Liu-Ding-Yuan Theorem for geometric continuity,some simple and practical conditions were obtained.

第一章介绍一些基本知识，如多项式的Bernstein-Bézier表示，相容三角剖分的定义，Bézier三角样条曲面保凸的条件，相邻Bézier曲面片函数连续和几何连续的条件等，特别地，在刘鼎元关于几何连续条件的一般定理的基础上，导出了几个较简单的实用的一阶几何连续条件。

This thesis contributes to geometry compression in the following aspects: Proposes a method of progressive spherical mesh parameterization based on local parameterization by directly projecting the deleted vertices to its neighborhood. Based on spherical mesh paramterization, an adaptive subdivision remeshing method by progressivly redistributing of sampling points is proposed, by this means, the main geometry information of the original mesh can be captured with only a small amount of samples, it can also be used in mesh simplification. By regarding attributes binded on mesh vertices as geometry signals and transferring them onto a uint sphere by means of spherical mesh parameterization, meshes with different attributes are compressed with spherical wavelet successfully with high compression rate. As a kind of lossy geometry compression technique, two mesh simplification algorthimes are also presented in this thesis.

归纳起来，本文的主要贡献有：提出了以直接投影局部参数化方法为基础的网格累进球面参数化方法；在网格球面参数化方法的基础之上，提出了一种基于累进优化布点方案的网格细分采样方法，该方法可以用很少的采样点就可以捕获到网格的主要特征，因此我们也将其用于后面的网格简化工作当中；通过将网格顶点上定义的各种属性看成几何信号，并以网格球面参数化为手段将几何信号迁移到单位球面上，从而成功地实现了用球面小波对各种几何信号的压缩；作为一种有损压缩方法，本文还提出了基于统一距离的网格简化算法和基于重采样的网格简化算法。

The problem of the determination of the final geometry of the single-layer reticulated shell with zero element internal force is also successfully solved by using this method. Based on the research on the shape determination theory a conclusion has been obtained: the distribution of the initial self-internal-force vector determines the initial shape of an assembly which has form finding problem.

通过对形状确定问题的研究，可得出如下的结论：体系自应力分布矢量的方向决定体系初始态几何；体系自应力分布矢量的大小只影响体系的零状态几何；体系各个单元的截面尺寸设计也将影响体系的零状态几何。

In chapter 2, we focus on derivation of the tortuosity models for flow of Newtonian incompressible fluid in two- and three-dimensional porous media with spherical, cubic and plate-like particles by applying the geometrical method. We first present the ideal geometrical models of porous media to show the ideal and representative streamlines based on the assumption that some particles in porous media are unrestrictedly overlapped and hence of different configurations, then the average tortuosity is derived by geometrically and weightedly averaging these representative flow paths.

第二部分采用几何分析法研究了二维和三维情况下的球形颗粒、立方体颗粒和板状颗粒多孔介质中流体流线的迂曲度，首先给出多孔介质的理想几何模型，通过分别考虑固体颗粒重叠时、不重叠时以及粒子的不同排列等情形时的流体流线，然后对这些理想代表性流线的迂曲度取几何平均和加权平均，最后推导出流体流过多孔介质的迂曲度解析表达式。

This research of this thesis focuses on the cognitive strategy of geometric analogy cognitive component and the subjects'learning potential on the geometric analogy test, deploying the research encircling the realization of geometric analogy test from these three aspects. It answers 3 detailed question:1.what kind of item can arose the rule-constructing strategy of the subject, or rule-deleting strategy?

本研究关注几何类比推理的认知策略、认知成分及被试在几何类比推理测验上的学习能力，围绕几何类比推理测验在这三方面的认知诊断功能的实现展丌研究，具体回答三个问题：(1)怎样的项目更能引发被试的规则构建策略或更能引发被试的选项剔除策略？

A geometric correction model of tri2CCD line sensor imaging is established by use of outer orientation elements synchronously recorded by IMU and inner orientation elements cali2 brated in the lab. At last geometric distortions and geometric corrections are simulated on the computer.

利用由惯性导航系统同步记录的CCD 线阵传感器的外方位元素和在实验室标定的CCD 像元的内方位元素建立3 条CCD 线阵传感器成像的几何校正模型，通过仿真实现了遥感成像的几何畸变及几何校正。

This study is based on physical printer's design. We could study dynamic effects ( including geometry and reaction) of pick roller/paper, pad/paper and plate/feed rollerconstrained by the conditions of five different feeding angle (65 、70 、75 、80 、85 ). Also we could obtain the relations of those design parameters and understand their interactions.

本研究以实际的印表机设计为蓝本，探讨在五种不同进纸角度(65 ，70 ，75 ，80 ，85 )的条件下，取纸滚轮对纸张的力学行为及几何关系、分纸垫与纸张几何关系、进纸档片及进纸滚轮对纸张的力学行为及几何关系，进而取得这些设计参数的关系式及了解其相互间的交互作用。

In fact, situation with a zero LCL is not uncommon. In this article we propose the g-type chart with asymmetric control limits. It is found that with the nonzero LCL, the power to detect rate increase hasmuch improved and the power to detect rate is nearly fixed, and the in-control average run length is the almost the same as the symmetric control chart.

为了解决检测p增加的问题，我们提出了非对称几何控制图的思想，它解决了虚报率增加和检测p增加之间的矛盾，在保持虚报率与对称几何控制图几乎相等的前提下，大大提高了几何控制图在检测不合格品率增加时的灵敏性和有效性，本文中给出了在不同的？

It is embodied in the three research programs of modern physics:(1) According to the program of geometrization of physics, the essence of the Curved Space in gravitational field needs to be explicated by Riemannian geometry, differential geometry, tensor analysis;(2)According to the program of quantum field theory, the generation and annihilation operator can represen...

它分别体现在现代物理学的三大研究纲领中：(1)根据物理学的几何化纲领，引力场弯曲空间的奥秘需要通过黎曼几何、微分几何与张量分析来解读；(2)根据量子场论纲领，场理论的&产生和湮灭&算符，能方便而精确地表征和重构相关的微观作用机制；&场的本体论&和&生成辩证法&同时得到体现。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。