几何截面

Considered the inside and outside contour line was Archimedes spiral in the cold rolling, the forming law of rectangular cross sectional rings has been studied. And the more precise geometrical models and calculation models have been gained. The researches can be used as a theoretical and experimental foundation for the simulation of ring rolling process. At the same time, the results of theoretical analysis have a good agreement with the results of practical rolling production.

本文在考虑冷轧过程中环件的内外轮廓线均为阿基米德螺线的情况下，对矩形截面环件的轧制成形规律进行了研究，得到了较精确的几何模型和计算模型，为环件轧制过程的模拟提供了理论依据和实验依据，同时理论分析的结果与实际轧制生产过程中的结果有较好的吻合。

Hausdorff convergence; almost nonnegative Ricci curvature; Betti number; harmonic 1-form; nilpotency; splitting theorem; positive sectional curvature; gradient curve

基础科学，数学，几何、拓扑Hausdorff收敛；几乎非负Ricci曲率；贝蒂数；调和1-形式；幂零指标；分裂定理；正截面曲率；梯度曲线

Secondly, based on the research of the fabric"s contexture characteristic, the author puts forward using the convex shape as yarn"s section, builds the yarns dimensional geometry model and axes equation of warp and weft. Establishes the illumination model which is fit for fabric with illumination theory.

在研究织物组织模拟的基础上，提出以凸透镜形作为纱线截面，建立了相应的纱线空间几何模型和经、纬纱轴线方程；利用光照理论，结合织物的特点，建立了适用于织物的光照模型。

We find that thecontribution to differential cross section related to electron is farlarger than that related to hole, and it varies with differentsemiconductor materials, cylindrical radii and energies of incidentphotos.

结果发现：在自由和受限柱形量子线中，电子对微分截面的贡献要远大于空穴，且贡献随半导体材料、柱形几何半径及入射光能量的变化而不同。

F/D! When the plane that cuts the paraboloid is not perpendicular to the axis, elliptic segment of paraboloid is gained, whose focus is not in the geometric center of the parabolic surface, but is more or less shifted towards periphery, depending on the cut angle.

当抛物面切割面不垂直于轴线，就得到椭圆形的截面，它的焦点不在抛物面的几何中心，差不多移到边缘附近，随切割角度而定。

In chapter 2, a finite element model for the composite sandwich plates is developed, based on the Zig-Zag deformation assumption and the first order shear deformation theory, and the finite element buckling analysis governing equations for the plates under mechanical, thermal and/or thermal-mechanical mixed loads are deduced respectively. By Von-Karman nonlinear deformation relations and Total Lagrange formulation, an incremental governing equation for postbuckling analysis is established and a corresponding effective computational scheme is presented..

第二章首先建立了基于Zig-Zag截面变形假定和Mindlin一阶剪切理论的夹层板有限元分析模型，分别推导了夹层板机械力、热载和热—机械力耦合屈曲分析的有限元列式和相应的屈曲前以及屈曲临界状态的平衡方程，基于Von-Karman大挠度理论，采用增量形式的全局lagrangian法推导了复合材料夹层板增量形式的几何非线性有限元离散平衡方程，给出了一种有效的非线性平衡方程的迭代求解格式。

Taking into account the influences of scatterer geometrical shapes on induced currents, an algorithm, termed the sparse-matrix method, is proposed to calculate radar cross section of aircraft configuration.

论证了散射体几何形状对感应电流的影响规律，并基于飞行器几何外形特征和矩量法，提出了一种用于飞行器雷达散射截面计算的高精度快速算法。

The cylindrical film holes are 45° inclined and perpendicular oriented, there are totally fourteen holes placed on one ribbed wall. Geometrical parameters such as rib angle (45°, 60°, 90° and 120°), rib height (h/e=1.0, 2.0), location of the hole relative to rib on the discharge coefficients and pressure loss characteristics are all studied systematically.

实验中主要研究了肋的角度(θ=45°、60°、90°、120°)、肋的高度(h／e=1.0、2.0)、肋与气膜孔的相对位置、通道横截面的高宽比(H／W=0.5、1.0、2.0)等几何参数对气膜孔出流特性的影响，以及肋的几何结构、气膜孔的出流对通道流阻特性的影响。

To obtain more uniform temperature distribution and relative lowest temperature over cross section of the rotor, on the basis of test data of a given example of a 150MW turbo generator with air coolant, numerical solution of two dimensional modelling equations of air turbulent flow and heat transfer in and between cooling duct and rotor were carried by the Finite Volume Method at condition of varying configuration parameters of sub slot, the number of winding's cooling ducts and center distance of them, and the diameter of slot wedge.

为了能够得到转子截面较均匀并且最高温度值较低的优化温度分布，文中在150MW空冷汽轮发电机转子实验研究基础上，改变副槽的几何形状、径向通风沟的条数及间距、槽楔出风口直径等几何量，采用有限体积法求解转子本体及通风道内空气的传热及紊流流动等二维离散方程组。

This paper presents the Machining Tool geometry of the former flank, the main flank, flank, the main cutting edge, Under the cutting edge tip cutting plane, the main section, the former Kok, horn, wedge angle edge angle, pointed knife, the blade angle, vice horn, Under the Frontier concept, the concept of cutting consumption, and the general circumstances of their choice method for processing slender shaft. cast iron materials, aluminum, stainless steel, rubber materials, plexiglass material, cloth bakelite materials, high temperature alloys, aluminum-magnesium alloy, hardened steel, the typical trapezoidal thread, the thread Triangle, Speaking at the trapezoidal screw thread pitch of the Tool geometry of the selection methods and cutting the amount of cutting fluids reasonable choice.

本文介绍了在机械加工中车刀几何角度中的前刀面、主后刀面、后刀面、主切削刃、副切削刃刀尖切削平面、主截面、前角、后角、楔角主偏角、刀尖角、刃倾角、副后角、副前角的概念、切削用量的概念、以及一般情况下的它们的选择方法，进行加工细长轴、铸铁材料、铝合金、不锈钢、橡胶材料、有机玻璃材料、夹布胶木材料、高温合金、铝镁合金、淬火钢、典型梯形螺纹、三角螺纹、特在螺距的梯形螺纹等的车刀几何角度的选取方法切削用量及切削液的合理选择。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。