凝血

The ESPRIT study: mild anticoagulant therapy, combination treatment with acetylsalicylic acid and dipyridamole, or treatment with acetylsalicylic acid alone?

ESPRIT研究：轻度抗凝血治疗、乙酰水杨酸和双嘧达莫联合治疗，还是单纯乙酰水杨酸治疗？

BACKGROUND: Hypothermia and acidosis were reported to influencecoagulopathy in different clinical settings.

背景：各种不同的临床设计报导了低体温和酸中毒对凝血障碍的影响。

Earlier this year, adulterated supplies of the anticlotting drug heparin from China were linked to more than 80 deaths in the U.S.

今年初，美国有80多人可能因使用了来自中国的受到污染的抗凝血剂肝素钠而死亡。

That bind to specific carbohydrate groups on the plasma membrane of cells, used in the laboratory to stimulate proliferation of lymphocytes and to agglutinate red blood cells.

植物凝血素任一种与细胞质膜上的特定碳水化合物结合的植物糖蛋白，在实验室中用来加速淋巴细胞的繁殖和红血细胞的凝结

Methods:The 32 patients with throm in left atrium and machine valva were treated with warfarin,low molecular weight heparin,clopidogrel and urokinase.The therapeutic effect and safety were observed in these patients.

32例人工瓣膜置换术后血栓形成患者应用华法令、低分子肝素钙、硫酸氯吡格雷联合治疗，观察血压，心功能，凝血指标，血、尿常规及副作用。

METHODS Acute incomplete ischemia was induced by ligaturing bilateral carotid arterise and cutting heads in mice, the survival time and asthmatic time were observed; the coagulation timewas measured by sheet glass method,and the blood viscosity was also assayed; the platelet aggregation induced by collagen were studied by turbdimetry in vitro.

采用结扎小鼠双侧颈总动脉造成急性不完全性脑缺血模型，观察平均存活时间；另取小鼠断颅后测定断颅喘息时间；采用玻片法，观察胡芦巴总皂苷对凝血时间的影响；采用比浊法；观察其对体外血小板聚集率的影响，并测定全血粘度。

The thymuses, spleens, sera and anticoagulant blood were collected after the rats were killed, to carry out these works:(1) Zinc concentrations were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry;(2) Body weight and the weight of thymuses and spleens were measured, the organ index were calculated;(3) Changes in pathology of thymus and spleen were observed;(4) Using TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling) method, the apoptosis of thmocytes and spleen lymphocytes was checked;(5) The expression of bcl-2、bax mRNA in thymus and spleen were detected by RT-PCR (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction);(6) The expression of p56〓, a signal transduction protein in thymus and spleen were detected by immunohistochemistry;(7) Two-color cytofluorometric analysis was used to assess the expression of CD4, CD8, CD45RA and CD45RC in peripheral blood lymphocytes.

动物处死后留组织、抗凝血及血清，进行以下检测：(1)原子吸收法测血清锌浓度；(2)测胸腺、脾脏脏器重量并与大鼠体重比较，计算脏器指数；(3)HE染色对胸腺、脾脏进行病理观察；(4)原位末端标记法测胸腺、脾脏中淋巴细胞的自发凋亡，并通过图像分析进行比较；(5)逆转录聚合酶链式反应检测凋亡调控基因bcl-2、bax mRNA在免疫器官中的表达；(6)免疫组化方法检测信号转导蛋白p56〓在免疫器官中的表达；(7)流式细胞术分析外周血淋巴细胞中CD4+、CD8+、CD45RA+及CD45RC+CD4+、CD45RC-CD4+细胞的数量和比例。

Methods PBMCs from 10 heparinized blood specimens of HIV-1 infected persons were collected to isolate the virus with PBMC cocultivation method. Neuramindase was added to the culture medium to raise the HIV isolation rate. The supernatant of cocultures were detected by p24 antigen capture assay and also IFA test was used to identify the isolates. Cell tropism of the HIV-1 isolates was tested byuse of H9 and MT4 cell lines, respectively.

采集10份福建艾滋病病毒感染者肝素抗凝血，分离外周血单核细胞，与健康人PBMC共培养进行HIV-1的分离，使用含神经氨酸酶的T细胞培养液提高病毒分离率，通过检测P24抗原、间接免疫荧光试验及电镜观察等确定病原分离结果。

Haemolysis test, prothrombin time and recalcification time experiment were used to evaluate influence on erythrocyte and blood coagulation function by CLG microspheres.

通过溶血实验、凝血酶原时间实验和复钙时间实验评价交联明胶微球对红细胞的破坏作用和对凝血功能的影响。

HES did not induce fibrinolysis.No changes in thromboelastometry tracings were observed afterhuman albumin infusion.

本研究在45例择期接受心脏手术的患者中比较了给予两种新型的迅速降解的羟乙基淀粉溶液与人血白蛋白对凝血功能的影响。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。