凝胶

To study the modulating effect of polysaccharide and protein secreted by Sphaerotilus upon the mineralization behaviors of Fe3 gel, the authors investigated the nucleation and crystallization processes of Fe3 gel inside and around the Sphaerotilus cells which were growing in the mineralization systems with urea and Stoke substrate.

本文通过观察在尿素和Stoke培养基中生长的球衣菌细胞壁内及其周围氢氧化铁凝胶的矿化过程，研究球衣菌分泌的多糖和蛋白质对氢氧化铁凝胶矿化结晶行为的调控作用。

It can be seen that the size of the microgels is around 50～60 nm in diameter in the solid state,and the microgels exhibit a narrow size distribution with an average diameter of around 100 nm in the wet state.2.Pore size and morphology of hydrogelThe SEM images of freeze-dried hydrogels exhibited a highly macroporous spongelike structure and the average mesh size is about 10μm.

孔径通过扫描电子显微镜可以看到凝胶内部呈现多孔的类似海绵内部的结构，孔径在10μm左右，浸泡24h后可以发现网络结构发生了降解，孔径变大，达到20μm左右，浸泡7d后凝胶进一步降解，孔径增大到40～50μm.3。

This dissertation successfully fabricated cross-linked polysiloxanes under base catalysts such as potassium hydroxide siloxanolate or tetramethylammonium hydroxide (Me_4NOH) siloxanolate by anionic ring-opening copolymerization of cyclosiloxanes and Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes as multifunctional monomers.

本论文首次通过阴离子开环共聚，成功地将POSS大分子作为多官能团单体，与环硅氧烷在KOH硅醇盐或Me_4NOH硅醇盐等碱性催化剂的作用下，直接合成交联聚硅氧烷：通过调节POSS大分子和环硅氧烷单体的种类以及化学计量比，可合成出一系列不同种类和不同交联密度的交联聚硅氧烷；并对其阴离子开环共聚机理以及极性调节剂DMAc对凝胶时间的影响进行了详细讨论；同时借以凝胶含量和溶胀比、GPC、FT-IR、固体~(13)C和~(29)Si NMR、WAXD、DSC以及TG等手段对所得聚合物的微观结构以及热性能进行了详细考察。

The tetravalence vanadium was found in V2O5 gel thin films by measuring the electrical resistance change of V2O5 gel thin films with temperature, ESCA and X-ray diffraction analysis. in this paper, from miniamount redox in melting V2O5 and crystal structure, the influencing mechanism of miniamount redox on changing valence of vanadium was analyzed and discussed in detail.

通过对V2O5凝胶薄膜试样的电阻随温度的变化测试和电子能谱和X射线衍射分析发现V2O5凝胶薄膜中有四价钒的存在，本文从V2O5熔体的微量氧化还原和晶体结构的角度分析讨论了微量氧化还原影响钒离子价态变化的机理。

Study PhthCS Lyotropic Cholesteric thermotropic liquid crystal phase transition was found when the concentration of more than 46%, the system of cholesteric liquid crystal phase and gel phase coexistence, gelation occurred after the formation of liquid crystal phase.

研究了PhthCS溶致胆甾液晶的热致相转变，发现当浓度超过46﹪时，体系中胆甾液晶相与凝胶相共存，凝胶化发生在液晶相形成之后。

In the presence of a catalyst, ethyl silicate was mixed with ethanol-water solution to form silica sol, which was impregnated into Alnus nepalensis and Tilia amurensis wood as soon as possible.

文章摘要：在催化剂存在下，使正硅酸乙酯与乙醇-水溶液混合制备硅醇溶胶，迅速将其分别注入到西南桤木和紫椴木材中，令其在室温下反应100min左右得到木材-凝胶，然后采用超临界干燥技术制备木材-SiO2气凝胶。

Poly silica hybrids were prepared through polymerization, condensation and sol gel processes of the mixture of methyl methacrylate, poly and a small amount of coupling agent methacryloxylpropyl trimethoxy siliane in tetrahydrofuran.

采用溶胶-凝胶技术，以硅酸钠为原料制备聚硅酸/四氢呋喃溶胶，再与甲基丙烯酸甲酯及少许偶联剂甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MPTMS 混合，经聚合、缩合和溶胶-凝胶过程制备了有机/无机两相间有— C—Si—O—键的杂化材料——聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/二氧化硅(PMMA/Si O2 )。

The microstructure and morphology are examined by SEM, XRD, EPMA, and the electrochemical performance is studied by potentiodynamic polarization and current efficiency. The results show that the alloy elements in the electrode coating prepared by the sol-gel process are well distributed, more sufficient to form solid solution and with higher current efficiency than by the traditional thermal decomposition process. The deactivation effect is due to the forming of unconductive TiO2 for the sol-gel process, but due to the dissolution of active composition for the thermal decomposition process.

SEM、XRD、电子探针、极化曲线、电流效率实验表明，由溶胶-凝胶法制备的氧化物涂层比热分解法制备的氧化物涂层的分散性好、形成固溶体充分、电流效率高；由溶胶-凝胶法制备的氧化物涂层的失效是由于生成不导电的TiO2引起，而由热分解法制备的氧化物涂层的失效是由于活性氧化物涂层的溶解引起。

The stable time of the polymerized gels is more than one year. However, the stable time of the unpolymerized molecular gels is only from several days to several weeks.

由电 镜和偏光显微镜研究的凝胶形态学表明，凝胶中存在由相互缠结的三维纤维网络构成的球晶。

Prepared by Sol-Gel method, the xerogel fired at 1100℃ for 2h was well crystallized.

采用溶胶－凝胶法制备的干凝胶在1100℃下焙烧2h后可以得到具有良好晶型的产物。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。