减数核

Centromeres could be identified easily on the bivalents at diplotene, so it was convenient to analyse the karyotype.

结果表明，日本沼虾染色体数n=52，2n=104，据双线期二价体的相对长度、着丝点位置以及形态诸方面的特点分析了核型，共分为A，B，C，D4个染色体组，核型组成是N=37M+4ST+11T；初级精母细胞减数分裂前期I可分为细线期/偶线期、粗线期、双线期和终变期5个时期，双线期的二价体存在弥散阶段，核仁明显，且双线期二价体着丝点清晰，给核型分析带来了方便。

The dominant male sterility was expressed normally in the new Taigu genic sterile wheat carrying the intergenomically translocated Ms2, and the female fertility mechanism in its male sterile plants was normal as well. Observation of the chromosome configuration at meiosis of pollen mother cells of the young ears of the sterile plants showed that they were euploid plants (2n=42). No configurations different from those of the Taigu geneic sterility gene located at the original locus were noticed of the Ms2 intergenomically translocated back into the common wheat.

所获携带易组Ms2基因的新型太谷核不育小麦其显性雄性不育特性表达正常，且雄性不育株的雌性可育机制正常，对不育株幼穗花粉母细胞减数分裂期染色体构型的观察可见其为整倍体(2n=42)，尚未发现回归普通小麦的易组太谷核不育基因与原位点的太谷核不育基因有不同的表型。

Reduction division The first division of meiosis , including prophase, metaphase I, and anaphase I. It results in a haploid number of chromosomes gathering at each end of the nuclear spindle.

减数分裂：减数分裂中的第一次分裂，包括分裂前期，中期 I 和后期 I ，形成单倍数目的染色体在每一个核纺锤体末端聚集。

Unicolor. There were unequal bivalents, homologous chromosome deconjugation, chromosome brige, unequal separation, laggard chromosomes, chromosome outside nucleus, micronuclei arid so on.

unicolor小孢子母细胞减数分裂异常进行了研究，发现存在不等二价体、同源染色体早分离、染色体桥、不均等分离、滞后染色体、核外染色体、微核等。

Though the gametic nucleus of normal cell didn't enter the amicronucleate cell, there were cytoplasm and organelle exchanges between two cells.

在接合对中，有小核细胞一方可以完成正常的减数分裂过程，既有配子核的形成、配子核的融合、配子核分裂，最终形成两个有小核的子细胞。

Tic division of F1 hybrid was normal ,anucleate cells and cells with micronuclei which were produced by asymmetrical separation of chromosomes were observed at the second meiotic division.

结果表明，杂种F1减数第一分裂基本正常，在减数第二分裂观察到由于染色体不对称分离产生的无染色质和仅带有微核的子细胞。

In conclusion, these results suggested that (1) the ageing-associated decline in fertility of female KM mouse was due to a decrease in both quantity and quality of oocytes;(2) the ooplasm from young mice did not correct the meiotic errors of aged mice, and the ooplasm from aged mice did not induce abnormal segregation of meiotic chromosome of young mice, indicating that meiotic anomalies found in the oocytes of aged mice might be related to nucleus or chromosomes and relevant factors;(3) a critical nucleocytoplasmic ratio was essential for normal maturation and segregation of meiotic chromosomes of oocytes and development to 2-cell embryos.

本研究结果表明：（1）昆明白小鼠与衰老相关的生育力下降是其卵母细胞数量减少和质量下降的综合结果；（2）年轻小鼠卵母细胞细胞质不能纠正老龄小鼠GV的减数分裂错误，老龄小鼠卵母细胞细胞质也不诱导年轻小鼠的GV发生减数分裂错误，老龄小鼠卵母细胞减数分裂异常很可能与细胞核或染色体及其相关因素有关；（3）关键的核质比对卵母细胞正常的成熟、减数分裂染色体分离及2-细胞期胚的发育是绝对必需的。

The karyotypes of four species in Pentatomidae were studied in male germ cells prepared on air dried slides stained with Giemsa.Karyotype analyses using specific software are made for the first time in pentatomid karyotypic study and model karyotype charts are presented.

研究了4种中国蝽科昆虫的核型和染色体的减数分裂行为，并首次在半翅目中采用核型分析软件对第一次减数分裂中期的染色体进行核型分析。

In the course of present investigation in interspecific hybrid of Tritical crops, cytomixis mas observed at microspore stage, the present investigation deals with detailed analysis of this phenomenon at different conditions.

作者在麦类远缘杂种的减数分裂过程中发现，在减数分裂Ⅰ的前期和小孢子时期均存在核穿壁的现象，并对各种状态下的穿壁现象进行了详细的观察研究。

The situation of abnormal development of male cells is as follows:microspore mother cell can't enter into meiosis because of intense vacuolation,shrink and disintegration of its cytoplasm;although vacuolated microspore mother cell can enter into meiosis,it can't form normal dyad and degenerate in the middle process;dyad and tetrad become vacuolated and can't develop normally;cytoplasm of microspore shrinks around the nucleus at the stage of central nucleus microspore,the shape of microspore is twisted into crescent or irregular shape,at last its cytoplasm and nucleus are disintegrated and crescent vacant microspore presents;nutritive substances can't be accumulated at the stage of vacuolated microspore,cytoplasm is disintegrated,and microspore turns into a big vacant pollen.

雄性细胞异常发育有几种情况：小孢子母细胞强烈液泡化，细胞质收缩解体，不能进入减数分裂；小孢子母细胞液泡化，虽能进入减数分裂，但不能形成正常二分体而中途退化；二分体、四分体细胞液泡化，不能进行正常发育；单核小孢子中央期，细胞质收缩包围核，小孢子形状扭曲呈月牙形或不规则形，最终细胞质和核解体而呈月牙形的空壳小孢子；单核液泡期的小孢子不能积聚营养物质，细胞质解体而成为大的空壳花粉粒。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。