减数分裂

The results showed that the rates of mature oocyte were 75.2％, 73.1％, 69.8％, 63.5％and oocyte at telophase of MI were 16.3％, 15.9％, 16.9％, 27.0％, respectively. The rates of maturation of oocytes cultured in TCM199 with serum, EGF and TGFαwere significantly higher than that of with BSA team (P＜0.05) and the number of oocyte stayed at telophase of MI in TCM199 with serum, EGF and TGFαteam were significantly less than that with BSA team(P＜0.05); Significant higher rates (66.6％, 66.6％, 73.6％) of normalα-tubulin distribution in oocytes cultured in TCM199+ serum, EGF and TGFαwere compared to that of TCM199+BSA(43.3％)(P＜0.05). The rates of oocyte with cortical granules in cortex were 58.8％, 33.9％, 54.7％and 47.9％respectively, there was significant difference between oocytes cultured with serum, EGF and BSA(P＜0.05). In conclusion, TGFαand EGF can promote the oocyte nuclear transition from telophaseⅠto metaphase of meiosisⅡ, and improved the expression and distribution ofα-tubulin during the ovine oocytes maturation; EGF and serum could promote oocyte cytoplasm maturation. The results suggested that EGF and TGFαmight substitute some substance in serum to improve the quality of oocyte nucleus maturation in vitro, but EGF might be more functional than TGFαto promote the maturation of ovine oocyte ooplasm.

三、EGF和TGFα对卵母细胞成熟的影响未成熟卵母细胞分别在TCM199基础培养液+血清、TCM199基础培养液+BSA+EGF、TCM199基础培养液+BSA+TGFα和TCM199基础培养液+BSA四组成熟培养系统中成熟培养，22小时后上述各组卵母细胞的核成熟率分别为75.2％、73.1％、69.8％、63.5％，处于第一次减数分裂末期的比率分别为16.3％、15.9％、16.9％、27.0％，在添加血清、EGF、TGFα各组中核成熟率显著高于其它各组(P＜0.05)，处于末期的比例明显低于其它各组(P＜0.05)：添加血清、EGF、TGFα各组在a-Tubulin蛋白的分布与表达上(66.6％、66.6％、73.6％)明显高于BSA组的正常率43.3％(P＜0.05)；各组CG发生迁移较好的卵母细胞的比率分别为58.8％、33.9％、54.7％、47.9％，血清组和添加EGF组CG迁移至皮质区的比例明显高于仅添加BSA处理组(P＜0.05)。

In order to obtain viable tetraploids, which remains a major challenge worldwide, research on spindle organization and chromosome behavior was carried out mainly in zhikong scallop, Chlamys farreri, a typical commercially important species which is being cultured in North China Sea. Immunofluorescent technique and laser scanning confocal microscopy has been developed for observation of both microtubule organization and chromosome segregation. Orcein squash method was also used for chromosome observation. A series of complicated configurations of the meiotic spindle and associated patterns of chromosome segregation, including tripolar and seperated bipolar segregation, were found in developing eggs following the inhibition of the first polar body.

为了攻克可存活四倍体人工培育技术的国际性研究难题，本研究选取了我国北方海区的典型经济贝类栉孔扇贝为主要研究对象，建立了一套免疫荧光染色和激光扫描共聚焦显微技术，结合使用染色体地衣红压片观察技术，对第一极体受抑制的受精卵的减数分裂纺锤体装配、染色体分离动态进行了研究，发现了一系列特殊的纺锤体装配及相应的染色体分离行为，包括三极分离、独立二极分离等分离类型，从亚细胞水平上阐明了四倍体形成的细胞学机理。

To eplore the relationship between Dynein and the formation of meiosis error of oocytes, the immature mouse oocytes were in vitro cultured with a known dynein ATPase activity inhibitor- sodium orthovanadate to detect the changes of maturation rate, and semi-quantitative RT-PCR and single cell RT-PCR were performed to detect the alteration of the cyclin B1 mRNA level.

为探讨Dynein与卵母细胞减数分裂错误形成的关系，采用小鼠卵母细胞体外培养成熟技术和半定量RT-PCR方法，分别检测Dynein抑制剂-原钒酸钠对卵母细胞成熟率和cyclin B1基因转录水平的影响。

A23187 and OA could parthenogenetically activate Urechis unicinctus oocytes and activate MAPK, indicating that the effect of fertilization on GVBD and activation of MAPK was mediated by rising in intracellular free calcium, and phosphorylation of some proteins was enough to activate the oocytes.

钙离子载体A23187和OA可以孤雌活化单环刺螠卵母细胞并激活MAPK。说明：①受精是通过钙离子的内流来激活卵母细胞并使MAPK活化的。②某些蛋白质的磷酸化状态对减数分裂是必要而且在一定程度上是充分的。

The perivitelline space was narrow at GV stage and there were many microvillus penetrating zona pellucida between oocyte and cumulus cells.

在减数分裂启动过程中，小鼠卵母细胞内也发生相应的形态学上的变化。

After an analysis of the published papers and our elementary study, we draw the conclusion that meiosis in Porphyra has not been solved satisfactorily and further research is needed.

根据对文献资料的分析及初步研究，认为紫菜减数分裂的争论问题，还未得到满意的解决，因此仍有重新认识和深入研究的必要。

Genomic in situ hybridization was applied to study the meiosis of F1 plants from intergenetic hypbrids between radish( Raphanus sativus,2n=18,RR) and cabbage（Brassica oleracea , 2n=18, CC）.

用基因组原位杂交方法（Genomic in situ hybridization，简称GISH）研究了萝卜( Raphanus sativus，2n=18，RR)和甘蓝（Brassica oleracea ， 2n=18， CC）属间杂种F1减数分裂过程。

This invention discloses a rice reductional division gene, and its coded protein, and the application thereof.

本发明公开了一种水稻减数分裂基因及其编码蛋白与应用。

This invention discloses rice reductional division gene OsSPO11-1, and its coded protein, and application.

本发明公开了一种水稻减数分裂基因OsSPO11-1及其编码蛋白与应用。

The rice reductional division gene coded protein is the protein having SEQ ID No.2 amino-acid residue of the sequence table, or it is the protein derived from SEQ ID No.2, having the activity same as the sequence of the SEQ ID No.2 amino-acid residue, in which protein, SEQ ID No.

水稻减数分裂基因编码的蛋白，是具有序列表中SEQ ID №：2氨基酸残基序列的蛋白质，或者是将SEQ ID №：2的氨基酸残基序列经过一个或几个氨基酸残基的取代、缺失或添加且具有与SEQ ID №：2的氨基酸残基序列相同活性的由SEQ ID №：2衍生的蛋白质。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。