冻胀

Hence, the effect of temperature gradient should be considered when adopting artifical frosting studied natural frosting.

这对于正确研究路基的冻胀现象，具有着重要的理论意义和实际意义。

Its magnitude depends on the freezing velocity and the density condition of unfrozen regions.

土体的冻胀力与温度状况密切相关的。

Whether he is heaving clods of earth at his brother, faking a gangrenous toe, or trying to convince the world that he is dead, Tom's infectious energy and good-humor shine through.

他是否冻胀土块地球在他的弟弟，编造一个脚趾坏疽，或试图说服世界，他已经死了，汤姆的传染性能源和良好的幽默彪炳。

It needs lots of heaving lifting to return it to more normal levels.

它需要大量的冻胀解除返回到较正常的水平。

Intermissive freezing; expanded quasi-static; frost heave controlling;mechanism; final ice lens

间歇冻结；广义准静态；冻胀控制；机理；末透镜体

Samples from Changchun-Siping highway, Changchun-Songyuan highway and North Changchun-Jilin highway were studied.Studied from microstructure of frozen soil, combining physicochemical tests and mechanical tests, the influence of properties of seasonally frozen soil in Changchun area on moisture movement is evaluated,which provides the experimental evidence for study of moisture movement of seasonally frozen soil and the road frost heaving and mudding in Changchun area.

以长春-四平线、长春-松原线以及长春-吉林北线3段公路土样为研究对象，从微观结构出发，结合物理化学试验和力学试验，评价了长春地区季冻土的性质对水分迁移的影响，为长春地区季冻土的水分迁移研究、道路冻胀翻浆的防治等提供试验依据。

The frozen-heave character of the salty soil arid desalinized soil is researched in low temperature freezer indoors.

在室内采用低温冰箱对扰动盐渍土和洗盐后盐渍土的冻胀性进行了研究。

In order to solve the frost heave and thaw settlement, the model tests were made in Tibetan Plateau. Two kinds of model were designed to horizontal drain structure embankment and the ventilation embankment in suit. The effect of horizontal plastic drain was analyzed in contrast with the ventilation embankment. The mechanisms of horizontal plastic drain were studied in permafrost, such as gravity draining in the superficial layer and structure stiffing in the embankment in the theory. According to the design theory, the parameters of horizontal plastic drain were confirmed in the embankment. The values of deformation were inspected by fiber monitor system in the permafrost embankment.

为了解决青藏高原的冻土浅层雨季雨水下渗和蒸发所产生的冻土冻胀与融沉问题，在青藏高原开展水平排水板结构性路基和普通通风路基的原位模型对比试验，并从理论上探讨水平排水板在多年冻土路基中浅层重力排水和结构加劲的作用机理，确定水平排水板的铺设参数；运用光纤监测技术对水平排水板在多年冻土路基中的变形进行监测，对比分析水平排水板铺设与否这2种条件下冻土路基变形监测结果。

Two kinds of model were designed to horizontal drain structure embankment and the ventilation embankment in suit. The effect of horizontal plastic drain was analyzed in contrast with the ventilation embankment. The mechanisms of horizontal plastic drain were studied in permafrost, such as gravity draining in the superficial layer and structure stiffing in the embankment in the theory. According to the design theory, the parameters of horizontal plastic drain were confirmed in the embankment. The values of deformation were inspected by fiber monitor system in the permafrost embankment.

摘 要：为了解决青藏高原的冻土浅层雨季雨水下渗和蒸发所产生的冻土冻胀与融沉问题，在青藏高原开展水平排水板结构性路基和普通通风路基的原位模型对比试验，并从理论上探讨水平排水板在多年冻土路基中浅层重力排水和结构加劲的作用机理，确定水平排水板的铺设参数；运用光纤监测技术对水平排水板在多年冻土路基中的变形进行监测，对比分析水平排水板铺设与否这2种条件下冻土路基变形监测结果。

The local factors such as topography, vegetations and soil moisture contents, have great influences on the distribution, ground temperatures, and ground ice contents of permafrost. About 50 km of wetlands have been identified along the China-Russia crude oil pipeline route. In these segments, the surficial deposits consist of peat and humic layers on the top of thick ground-ice, or ice-rich permafrost. The frozen ground engineering geology conditions in wetlands generally are the worst for building and operating the pipeline. The hazardous periglacial processes, such as the widespreadpresence of pingos, icings and frost mounds due to the extensive occurrence of the frost-susceptible soils and ample supplies of surface and ground waters in winter pose significant threats on pipeline operation.

地形地貌单元、植被分布、地表水分条件的变化等局部因素对多年冻土的分布和地下冰的赋存产生重要的影响，管道沿线大约分布有50 km左右的沼泽湿地，其表层为腐殖质土及泥炭层，泥炭层下面分布着含土冰层或地下冰，是管道沿线最差的冻土工程地质地段；由于中俄原油管道沿线水系发育多，冻胀丘、冰椎和冰幔等不良冻土现象广泛分布。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。