冷冻

Peel-away sheaths are also available to create a tract for cryoprobe placement using an adoptive Seldinger technique.

Peel-away鞘也可以利用Seldinger技术产生一个用于冷冻针放置的区域。

The intra-operative mean diameter of the ice ball was 4.93cm. All the procedures were successfully completed laparoscopically, except 3 cases that were converted to open surgery, two of them due to bleeding from the site of the cryoprobe insertion (one of them requiring radical nephrectomy).

术中冰球的平均直径是4.93cm，除了三个病例转为开腹，其中两个因为冷冻刀插入面出血（其中一个需要根治性的肾切除术），所有操作均在腹腔镜下完成。

On the base, the author designs three structures: in vacuum, heat conduction and spout and makes the experiment device of the cryoprobe system. After repeating experiment, dry ice jam is overcome via adding a mid-heater.

在实验过程中提出增加中间加热容器的方法，使液体CO_2在节流过程中避免进入固体、蒸气两相区，创新性的解决了干冰堵塞问题，为冷冻刀提供连续可靠的冷源。

Therefore liquid CO_2 avoids gas-solid multiphase flow, and supplies continuous low temperature gas for cryoprobe. Experimental results show that the 2-dimension temperature distribution for the first time, it includes:(1) The cooling velocity and freezing zone increases along the flux up at certain size of the cryoprobe in the same biological tissue.(2) As the diameter of cryoprobe increases, the temperature will descend faster, freezing zone will be broader obviously, and ice ball become larger. Until it arrives heat balance, the temperature keeps invariability.(3) Single freezing-thaw results in biggish mechanical injury already for loosen tissue such as pork liver; Successive freeze-thaw circle could quicken freezing and thaw velocity for compact tissue, and it has proved the more mechanical injury of successive freeze-thaw circle than the single freezing-thaw treatment.

文中首次对生物组织进行了二维温度场分布实验研究，得出：(1)当刀头大小一定，对同一组织冷冻时，流量越大，降温速度越快，降温影响区域越大；(2)随着冷刀直径的增加，降温速度随着增加；温度影响区域明显增大；冰球直径也随着增大，热量平衡后温度几乎不随时间变化；(3)对于结构疏松组织比如猪肺脏，单次冻融对组织已造成较大的机械破损；对于结构较致密组织，多次反复冻融可以使降温和复温速率增加，单次冻融的热应力造成的机械破损较小，多次冻融后造成的机械破损比单次冻融所造成的机械破损大；(4)直喷式刀头比导热式节能约15％。

The said cellulose solvent may be used in dissolving natural cellulose and regenerated cellulose via mixing with cellulose, freezing and defreezing; or, it is first cooled to -10 deg.c to 0 deg.c and then maintained in -8 deg.c to 0 deg.c to dissolve natural cellulose and regenerated cellulose directly.

这种氢氧化锂和硫脲的混合水溶液可以通过与纤维素混合后冷冻然后解冻的方法溶解天然纤维素和再生纤维素；也可以预先将该混合水溶液冷却至-10℃～0℃，然后维持在-8℃～0℃左右直接溶解天然纤维素和再生纤维素。

Years of hard work and devot ion have given Sinill solid reputation in Korea.

尺寸为1000 x 560 x 635毫米，6000和0.005mm的精度冷冻剂管理计划。

In this experiment, a new method was used to purify the toxin protein produced by Verticillium dahliae. The supernatant of fungus culture was frozen and dried with Lyophilizer first, and then dialysed by Dialysis Membranes (MWCO 1000) after dissolved in distilled water. This method can eliminate the salt and sucrose in culture medium and reserve the protein component almost completely. VD-toxin were analysed using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel analysis. The results indicated that the protein components were very complex, and included glycoprotein within 35.8kDa-83.2kDa. Furthermore, treatments on glycoproteins with high temperature, conA and proteinase alleviated, not abolished, their activities.NO and H_2O_2 production were assayed in two cultivars of cotton cells which were treated with VD-toxin.

本实验首先确定了用冷冻浓缩后透析的方法初步提纯棉花黄萎病菌毒素，该方法能有效去除粗提毒素中的蔗糖和盐离子并能最大程度的保留黄萎病菌分泌的蛋白成分；对毒素蛋白成分鉴定结果表明蛋白条带多，每种蛋白的含量少，小分子量蛋白含量多，糖蛋白染色结果显示，毒素蛋白中分子量在35.8kDa-83.2kDa之间的蛋白大多数为糖蛋白，分子量小于35.8kDa的蛋白多为非糖蛋白；性质鉴定结果显示，毒素中有活性的蛋白成分具有部分可耐高温高压，且毒素蛋白中的蛋白成分和糖基成分都具有致萎活性。

The technology of separation and purification of the interesting protein was studied, centrifuge the sample and get the clear supernatant, remove protein by 50％ ethanol, concentrate by drying with freezing way, remove salt and pigment by dialysing, separation with G-50 and CM-cellulose52 column, concentrate by PEG6000, The purified sample was a single band after separation by SDS-PAGE.

研究了目的阿片肽的分离纯化工艺。发酵混合物经过离心取上清，乙醇沉淀去蛋白，冷冻干燥浓缩，透析除盐脱色，聚乙二醇6000反渗透浓缩，G-50柱分离，CM-cellulose52阳离子交换层析，聚乙二醇6000浓缩等步骤后得到了较纯的目的产物，目的产物在SDS-PAGE上呈现单一条带。

Initial concepts for the new line included filling liquid, sterile diluents in vials from 2 to 100 mL and openings from 13 to 28 mm, and involved the option of adding lyophilization capabilities at a later date.

初步的概念，新的产品线包括灌装液体，无菌稀释剂在小瓶2日至100毫升和挖掘，从13日至28日毫米，和涉及的选择，加入冷冻干燥的能力，在稍后的日期。

Most of the doughs can be frozen.

大部分的面团可以冷冻。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了