冲蚀

In combination with these experimental phenomena and theoretical analysis, the foam corrosion inhibition mechanisms in foam drilling are first put forward in the paper. They include: the adsorption of foaming agent on steel surface; the complex of foam-stabilized viscosifier with the multivalence metallic ions in formation water; isolating the steel from oxygen by foam; and fixing sands and reducing washout by foam.

结合实验现象和理论分析，首次总结提出泡沫钻井中泡沫的缓蚀机理，泡沫的缓蚀性主要在于：发泡剂在钢铁表面的吸附；稳泡增粘剂能与地层水中的多价金属离子络合；泡沫对氧的隔绝；泡沫能固定砂粒，减少冲蚀。

On the basis of literature search on erosion of axial flow fan's blade, depending on the failure mechanisms, several kinds of coatings were prepared. NiWC35, Ni60, SNi46 and SNi67 spraying and fuzing coatings were prepared by spraying and fuzing. Cermet composite coating of LX88A was prepared by arc spraying. Cermet composite coatings of conventional WC/12Co and nanostructured WC/12Co were prepared by HVOF.

本文在综合国内外关于轴流式引风机叶片冲蚀领域的研究文献的基础上，以冲蚀机理为依据，采用火焰喷熔工艺制备了NiWC35、Ni60、SNi46和SNi67喷熔层，采用电弧喷涂工艺制备了LX88A金属陶瓷复合涂层，采用HVOF工艺制备出微米WC/12Co和纳米WC/12Co金属陶瓷复合涂层。

Their properties on corrosion and erosive wear under wet phosphoric acid condition were studied with high chromium steel.

并和高铬钢进行对比，研究了在模拟湿法磷酸生产工况介质下腐蚀及30°和60°两种不同冲蚀角度下冲蚀磨损性能。

It is considered that link wear speed on seal surface is proportional to the contacting pressure. The impacting of valve disk on valve seat is the important reason of abrasive wear, and the relative motion of disk is a main reason for errosion wear of pump valve. The cycles per minute is an important factor to influence the valve motion and the impact force.

结果表明，泵阀密封面联接磨损的磨损速度与密封面上的接触比压成正比，泵的冲次是影响阀盘运动规律及对阀座产生冲击的重要因素，泵阀产生磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损的主要原因是泥浆、阀盘和阀座的冲击，冲蚀磨损导致泵阀的刺蚀。

Limestone can not be erosion by cavitating water jets on the condition of the most pump pressure, but sandstone were greatly erosion.

空化水射流在本实验设备能达到的最高泵压条件下无法冲蚀破碎石灰岩，而对砂岩却表现出巨大的冲蚀能力。

Meanwhile, it is also illustrates that the smaller chromium carbides have less restriction to formimg thin splats than larger ones, which beneficial to limit the size of pieces removed by impact of the sand particles, and the higher volume fraction of small chromium carbide may effect the erosion through enhancing interlamellar bonding of the splats which leads to increase the erosion resistance of the coating.

揭示了细小碳化物颗粒有利于获得扁平粒子厚度较小的涂层结构，可减小涂层冲蚀磨损过程中每次剥落的体积；较高含量的细小碳化物颗粒有利于提高涂层扁平粒子间的结合，从而提高涂层抗冲蚀磨损性吉臣。

The polyurea coating was tested with Taber tribomachine and the highp ressure water jet erosion tester for studying the wear behavior of polyure coating under conditions of dry friction and highspeed water jet contained sand. The morphology of the coating was observed with SEM and Chromatic confocal 3D Profiler. The surface component of test samp les was measured by FT2IR Spectrometer and Electron Energy Disperse Spectroscopy. The p roperties of polyurea coating under two testing conditionswas analyzed.

为研究聚脲涂层在干摩擦条件下和高速含砂水流冲蚀条件下的性能变化情况，用 Taber 磨损试验机和高速含沙水射冲蚀磨损试验机测试了聚脲涂层的磨损性能，用扫描电子显微镜和白光共焦三维轮廓仪观测涂层的磨损表面形貌，用表面红外光谱和电子显微镜能谱元素分析了涂层表面试验前后的组分变化，分析了涂层在2种摩擦条件下的磨损情况。

The results show that the erosion volume grows with the increment of pump pressure, there are best rock-breaking jet length, abrasive concentration and particle size. In low concentration, the erosion energy of post-mixed pulsed abrasive jet is close to the pre-mixed pulsed abrasive jet. After the external fluid is drawn in, the jet dynamic pressure increases by 7%, while pulse amplitude increases by 150%.

结果表明：冲蚀体积随泵压增大而增加，存在破岩的最佳喷距、磨料浓度和磨料粒径；在较低浓度下，后混合磨料脉冲射流的冲蚀性能较接近于前混合磨料脉冲射流；引入外部流体后射流的动压力增大了7%，脉冲幅值提高了1.5倍。

The results indicated that the erosive wear resistance of the coupling sample with pitting structure is 18.7% higher than that of the sample without pits under the following test conditions: erosive time duration 180 s,sand impact angle 30°, impact distance 200 mm, blast air pressure 0.4 MPa.

结果表明，在冲蚀时间为180 s，入射角为30°，入射距离为200 mm，空气压力为0.4 MPa条件下，耦合试样耐冲蚀磨损性能较对照试样提高18.7%。

Solid particle erosiondamage is a major degradation mechanism for compressor blades of land-based and air gas turbine engines.

硬质颗粒冲蚀是固定式压缩机叶片和风煤气涡轮叶片失效的主要机制，冲蚀不仅降低了涡轮的效率，还减少了其使用寿命。

Plunder melds and run with this jewel!

掠夺melds和运行与此宝石！

My dream is to be a crazy growing tree and extend at the edge between the city and the forest.

此刻，也许正是在通往天国的路上，我体验着这白色的晕旋。