冲击面

Before using should though air load test run.before test run turn the amortise to the mimums. then expand it to avoid damage bcos of the impact of big area.

汽缸使用前应经空载试运转，运转前将缓冲调至最小，逐步扩大，以免产生过大冲击面而损伤汽缸。

The central angle of the impingement fluid separated from the target surface became larger with the increase of jet Reynolds. And the separating angle also increased with the increasing ratio of the jet distance to the diameter of the jet hole, while the range of induced vortex became smaller.

试验中发现随着冲击雷诺数的增加，冲击气流与壁面分离处对应的圆心角增大，分离推迟；随着相对冲击间距值的增加，气流与壁面分离处对应的圆心角越来越大，相对于受限空间的大小，诱导涡的范围越来越小。

The dynamic contact of the drop hammer with the laminate was simulated by geometric contact model provided by ABAQUS/Explicit code.

在冲击动态接触过程的处理上，则采用了ABAQUS中主从面几何接触模型，直接利用冲击物的初始速度条件和几何边界条件，将落锤冲击与复合板的变形和破坏进行联立求解。

Based on water-entry dynamic and water-entry ballistic theories,the oblique water-entry process of disk ogive is simplified and a wetted correction factor is introduced in order to accord with the true water pile phenomena,and an oblique water-entry impact model coupled with ballistic and dynamic models are established.

以冲击体入水动力学和入水弹道学理论为基础，针对平头尖拱体入水冲击这个复杂物理现象，引入体现液面隆起现象的沾湿因子，用等效液面代替自由水平液面，建立了斜入水高速冲击的运动学和动力学冲击模型，其中动力学模型是根据平头尖拱体沾湿面的具体几何形状而建立。

Based on water-entry dynamic and water-entry ballistic theories, the oblique water-entry process of disk ogive is simplified and a wetted correction factor is introduced in order to accord with the true water pile phenomena, and an oblique water-entry impact model coupled with ballistic and dynamic models are established. According to the exact geometric shape of the wetted body surface, the dynamic model is established.

以冲击体入水动力学和入水弹道学理论为基础，针对平头尖拱体入水冲击这个复杂物理现象，引入体现液面隆起现象的沾湿因子，用等效液面代替自由水平液面，建立了斜入水高速冲击的运动学和动力学冲击模型，其中动力学模型是根据平头尖拱体沾湿面的具体几何形状而建立。

Crack propagation problems under the influence of the edges of the crack subjected to homogenous loads, the origin of the coordinates subjected to concentrated increasing loads, the central zone of the edges of the crack subjected to homogenous loads, the certain point of the edges of the crack subjected to moving unit step loads, the origin of the coordinates subjected to moving increasing loads Px m, the edges of the crack subjected to instantaneous impulse loads, the edges of the crack subjected to moving concentrated variable loads, the origin of the coordinates subjected to point loads, the edges of the crack subjected to a constant moving concentrated loads and the origin of the coordinates subjected to instantaneously moving impulse loads are studied respectively, and the analytical solutions of dislocation distribution function have been obtained.

同时对裂纹面受均布载荷、坐标原点受集中增加载荷、裂纹面中心区受均布载荷、裂纹面上某点受运动阶跃载荷、坐标原点受运动增加载荷Px m、坐标原点受瞬时冲击载荷、裂纹面受运动集中变载荷、坐标原点受集中载荷、裂纹面受常数运动集中载荷、坐标原点受瞬时运动冲击载荷作用下的裂纹扩展问题分别进行了研究，获得了位错分布函数的解析解。

In the process of wave slamming, the impact pressures with short duration and high peaks occurs when the waves hit the subface of the structure, which causes the destabilization of superstructure and the fratigue failure of joints.

在波浪冲击过程中，当波峰刚接触到建筑物底面时会产生历时很短但强度极大的冲击压力，这种极强的冲击荷载会引起建筑物上部结构的失稳或造成结构连接处的疲劳破坏。

Two kinds of silicon samples with distinct surface treatment, i. e., one surface was chemically etched and the other was unetched, were used to investigate the characteristics of leakage current and surface flashover of semiconductor under impulse voltage in vacuum. The experimental results showed that the surface conditions of samples affected these characteristics greatly. Before flashover, the Ohmic current was observed for unetched samples and the space charge limited current for etched samples, respectively. Meanwhile both samples showed quite different flashover tracks, and the surface-etched samples displayed a much higher onset voltage of flashover.

对采用和未采用表面化学腐蚀处理的半导体硅在冲击电压下的实验表明（参见 Zhang et al ， Applied Physics Letters， 2002），试品的表面状况对其泄漏电流和沿面闪络特性有着很大的影响：在沿面闪络之前，未经处理试品的泄漏电流表现为 Ohm 性电流，而表面处理过的试品表现为空间电荷限制电流特性；同时两类试品表面的闪络通道也表现出不同的特征，而采用表面化学腐蚀处理可以明显提高其沿面闪络电压。

The results were as follows the airdried density ( moisture content of wood is 12%), the basic density and the ovendry density were 0.583 g·cm-3, 0.462 g·cm-3 and 0.507 g·cm-3 respectively, the airdried density was at the medium level in domestic wood species;the shrinkage coefficient of radial, tangential and volumetric were 0.099%, 0.183% and 0.296% respectively, the maximum swelling were 4.106%, 7.958% and 12.627% respectively;the ratio of tangential shrinkages to radial shrinkages was 1.5-1.9;the toughness was 52.12 kJ·m-2;the hardness of cross, radial and tangential section were 41.53 MPa, 31.41 MPa and 35.51 MPa respectively;the compressive strength parallel to grain was 44.50 MPa ;the modulus of elasticity in static bending and the bending strength were 12.63GPa and 127.31 MPa respectively;the shearing strength parallel to grain of radial and tangential were 8.76 MPa and 10.54 MPa respectively;the cleavage strength to grain of radial and tangential were 124.3 N·mm-1 and 138.6 N·mm-1 respectively.

结果表明大叶栎木材的气干密度（含水率为12％）、基本密度和全干密度分别为0.583 g·cm-3、0.462 g·cm-3和0.507 g·cm-3，气干密度属于国产木材的中等级水平；径向、弦向和体积干缩系数分别为0.099%、0.183%、0.296%，湿胀率依次为4.106%、7.958%和12.627%，差异干缩为1.5-1.9，其尺寸稳定性较好；冲击韧性为52.12 kJ·m-2，端面、径面和弦面硬度分别为41.53 MPa、31.41 MPa和35.51 MPa，顺纹抗压强度为44.50 MPa，抗弯弹性模量和抗弯强度分别为12.63 GPa和127.31 MPa，径面和弦面顺纹抗剪强度分别为8.76 MPa和10.54 MPa，抗劈强度依次为124.3 N·mm-1和138.6 N·mm-1。

The results were as follows: the air-dried density(moisture content of wood is 12%),the basic density and the oven-dry density were 0.583 g·cm-3,0.462 g·cm-3 and 0.507 g·cm-3 respectively,the air-dried density was at the medium level in domestic wood species;the shrinkage coefficient of radial,tangential and volumetric were 0.099%,0.183% and 0.296% respectively,the maximum s...

结果表明：大叶栎木材的气干密度(含水率为12%)、基本密度和全干密度分别为0.583 g.cm-3、0.462 g.cm-3和0.507 g.cm-3，气干密度属于国产木材的中等级水平；径向、弦向和体积干缩系数分别为0.099%、0.183%、0.296%，湿胀率依次为4.106%、7.958%和12.627%，差异干缩为1.5-1.9，其尺寸稳定性较好；冲击韧性为52.12 kJ.m-2，端面、径面和弦面硬度分别为41.53 MPa、31.41 MPa和35.51 MPa，顺纹抗压强度为44.50 MPa，抗弯弹性模量和抗弯强度分别为12.63 GPa和127.31 MPa，径面和弦面顺纹抗剪强度分别为8.76 MPa和10.54MPa，抗劈强度依次为124.3 N.mm-1和138.6 N.mm-1。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了