冰期

After the identification signs of natural gas hydrate and its stability conditions were expounded systematically, the decomposition of natural gas hydrate in glacial and interglacial period and its potential influence on the global climate change, marine geological calamities, and benthal biological group were discussed emphatically.

在综合论述了天然气水合物的识别标志和稳定条件的基础上，着重讨论了冰期与间冰期天然气水合物的分解及其对全球气候变化、海洋地质灾害和海底生物种群的影响，同时给出了甲烷释放量的计算公式，并对拓展天然气水合物稳定性与全球环境变化之间相互关系的研究，提出了需要回答的关键问题。

They reveal the paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic evolutionary history during the Neogene in the high latitude of the North Atlantic, find the millennial timescale climatic variability during the early Pleistocene "41 ka world" and couple the oscillation between surface temperature and deep water during the glacial periods, indicating the climatic instability of deglaciation during the glacial and interglacial cycles.

它们揭示了北大西洋高纬度海区新近纪的古海洋学和古气候的演化历史，发现了早更新世"41ka世界"千年尺度的气候波动，以及冰期表层水温与深层水的耦合颤动，说明冰期旋回中冰消期气候的不稳定性。

A synthetic method to recognizing ice situation combining Froude,density of drift ice and accumulated negative temperature is produced,the ice process and schedule along the route is predicted and the characteristics and influencing factors of conveying in ice period is analyzed,and the ice danger prevention measures are also advised.

提出了采用Fr数、流冰密度、负积温综合判别不同冰情的方法，预测了南水北调中线工程冬季输水不同冰情的时空分布特征，并初步分析了冰期输水的特性及影响因素，提出了冰期输水冰情防治和预防措施等方面的建议。

The unit bottom was the unconformity developed by Wuling Movement, and the unit top was overlapped by glacial deposition of Nanhua System. What\'s more, an unconformity can be found in Northern Guizhou and North-western Hunan. At the same time, this boundary was an important transformation between different deposition types: Banxi Group was rift basin deposition with flysch suite, and bearing a vast amount of pyroclasts, and this suggests that there was strong activity of crust. But the overlapping glacial deposition stood for steady deposition with penecaprock characteristic, and under unique climate environment.

下为武陵运动形成的角度不整合面所限；其上被南华冰期沉积所超覆，在黔北—湘西北可见角度不大的不整合，而且这一界面是两个不同沉积类型或建造之间的一个转换：板溪群为具有复理石韵律的裂谷系充填，其中发育大量火山碎屑沉积，显示较强的地壳活动性；而上覆的南华冰期沉积所代表的是一个具有准盖层性质的、独特气候环境下的稳定沉积。

The tuned Brunhes/Matuyama paleomagnetic polarity reversal agrees well with an age of 0.78 Ma dated previously. The tuned ages for several planktonic foraminifer Mo-events also agree well with published dates, and new ages for some other bin events in the South China Sea are also estimated.

调谐结果显示，1143站190.77m、191个冰期、间冰期的深海沉积记录了5.02Ma的南海古海洋学历史；1143站布容／松山磁性反转事件的年龄为0.78Ma，与前人研究结果一致；15个识别出的浮游有孔虫生物事件年龄部分与已经发表过的年龄相吻合，部分为该生物事件在南沙海区的新年龄。

The productivity of Eustigmatophytes and coccolithophorid calculated by the concentrations of 〓 diol and long-chain ketones, respectively, indicate that the paleoceanographic environment and paleoclimate were unstable in Nansha area during the last glacial. The productivity of the two algae fluctuated greatly and was higher during the glacial than that in Holocene.

由〓烷基二醇和长链不饱和酮含量分别计算出的黄绿藻、颗石藻古生产力揭示出南沙海区末次冰期的古海洋环境及古气候是不稳定的，两类浮游藻类的生产力在冰期都出现了较大的波动：黄绿藻、颗石藻的生产力在末次冰期都比全新世高，特别是在H3时都出现了生产力增大的事件。

Although significant uncertainties remain about both the cause and the scale of the impact of these abrupt climatic events, there is growing general knowledge of change process in climate during the past 13 000 years based on the studies of some important rapid climatic oscillations, such as a cold and dry event near the middle of the last interglacial, Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles, Heinrich events and Younger Dryas event during the last glacial and some cooling events during the Holocene.

尽管末次间冰期以来这些数百年－千年时间尺度气候突变事件的成因和影响范围还存在明显的不确定性，但已从诸如末次间冰期(MIS 5e)中期的干冷事件、末次冰期的Dansgaard-Oeschger旋回、Heinrich事件和Younger Dryas事件以及发生在全新世冰后期的一些降温事件的研究中。获得对过去130ka来气候变化过程总体上的认识知理解。

This paper presents the high-resolution sequence of vegetation change of the last inter-glacial period in Xishan Mountain,Beijing by pollen analysis and thermoluminescent dating technology with reconstruction of the palaeo-vegetation and palaeo-environment of this region.

末次冰期—间冰期气候旋回研究是过去的全球变化研究的三大重点之一，通过孢粉分析和热释光断代建立了北京西山末次间冰期植被的演化序列，研究了该地区古植被与古环境的演化规律。

The paleochannel-Ⅱ might form during the Holocene Optimal period.

古河道-Ⅴ形成于风沙-Ⅱ和Ⅲ期形成之前，可能是末次冰期之前，即中更新世或更早，这时河流能够进入古松辽大湖；古河道-Ⅳ形成于风沙-Ⅱ和Ⅲ期形成之时，可能是末次冰期时期，这时河流与松辽大湖萎缩，规模减小，河流已不能进入松辽大湖，而是消失在沙地之中；古河道-Ⅲ形成于风沙-Ⅱ和Ⅲ期形成之后，可能是末次冰期末期的冰消期，这时气温升高，大量的冰雪融水进入河流，促使河水漫流，流入沙垅垅间洼地，开始造成古西拉木伦河、古老哈河与教来河水文网之间的相互联系；古河道-Ⅱ形成于全新世适宜期时期，统一的西辽河形成，伴随气候变化，出现多次风沙进退，对应于风沙-Ⅰ期；河道-Ⅰ是现在，同属于风沙-Ⅰ期，活动沙地集中在翁牛特等地。

These ice ages are also called glaciations and the periods of relative warmth between them are called interglacials.

这些冰期也叫冰河期，在各冰期间的相对温暖时期就叫间冰期。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。