农户

And this article divides the farmers into three grades in the point of qualitative and quantitative views, and according the principle of econometrician, using the way of Oaxaca analysis, choosing and analyzing the controllable variables in the maize process, in order to find the main ingredients which forming the difference about the behaviors of maize producers based on the different maize grossing zones.

本文通过对南北三省农户玉米生产的投入和产出情况进行实地调查，首先比较分析了不同收入等级农户、不同地区农户和不同土地等级玉米生产的成本和收益情况；然后从定性和定量的角度将农户分为三个等级，再从农户等级和不同玉米种植区的角度出发，根据计量经济原理，运用OAXACA分解分析方法，选择农户玉米生产中的可控制变量对其进行分析，以找出形成农户玉米生产行为差异的主要影响因素。

First, it analyzes the background of the economy system and reform of the establishment of composite peasant households financing mechanism; defines the goal that build composite peasant households financing mechanism under the condition of uncertain market system; proposes a basic idea of innovation of peasants households financing mechanism at economy transition period, and outlines the frame content of composite peasant households financing mechanism. Composite peasant households financing mechanisms requests: peasant households which are enterprise management as financing main body, innovative financing means as a core, the market mechanism as a means. Our country must gradually establish a peasant household financing decision-making mechanisms and risk-control mechanisms, and create a favorable environment and conditions for peasant household.

首先分析了经济转型期复合型农户融资机制建立的经济体制背景和改革背景；明确了在市场体系还不够健全的条件下，构建复合型农户融资机制的目标定位；提出了经济转型期农户融资机制创新的基本思路，并勾勒出了复合型农户融资机制的框架内容；复合型农户融资机制应当以企业化经营的农户为融资主体，以创新融资方式为核心，以市场调节机制为手段，逐步建立农户融资决策机制和风险控制机制，并为农户融资创造一个良好的环境条件。

This paper is based on consumer's questionnaire census data, utilize ordered Probit model to set up framer household's consumption demand model, analyze the micro factor which influence on framer household's consumption, Get the following conclusion:(1)The framer household's income has important influence on consumption of framer household's consumption.

本文以问卷调查数据为基础，利用有序Probit模型建立农户消费需求模型，分析微观因素对农户消费的影响，模型的计量经济分析表明：(1)农户家庭的经济状况对农户的消费有重要的影响。

The results showed as follows:(1) the de-farming index of 479 investigated farm households is 79.21% with per capita area of de-farming slope farmland of 0.205 hm~2,per capita grain yield loss resulted from de-farming slope farmland of 74 kg and per capita allowance of 171 yuan from the government in 2003;(2) the de-farming allowance from the government has a bigger influence on a poor household,and if an allowance from the government would be stopped,the re-exploitation of partly de-farmed slope farmland is possible;(3) in 2003,per capita cash income of 479 investigated farm households is 1 492 yuan,and its sources mainly from floating employment,selling grain and greenstuff,de-farming allowance,selling products of domestic livestock and poultry and dealing dicker etc.;(4) in a few coming years,those employments of stable and higher earning will be firstly selected by farmers,and high expected value agriculture or rural commerce are going to become the leading livelihood of a good few farmers with some fund or skill.

结果表明：被调查农户人均退耕坡地0.205 hm2，退耕指数达79.21%；2003年479农户因退耕导致的粮食减产量人均74 kg，得到政府补贴人均171元；退耕补贴对贫困农户的影响程度较大，停止退耕补贴后存在反垦可能性。2003年被调查农户人均现金收入1492元，主要来源于外出打工、卖粮菜、退耕补贴、卖畜禽产品和做小生意等。未来几年，能获得稳定收入且报酬相对较高的行业是农民谋生的首选，有资金积累或一定技能的农户正在将生计转向高附加值农业或第三产业。

Using the data surveyed the farmers in Hubei province, Sichuan province and Chongqing District, this paper analyses the effects of the natural forest protection project on the household income and energy resource consumption. Whereafter it makes suggestions that the government should pay the economy compensation to the farmers who reside in the zone where actualizes the natural forest protection project; and measures should be put in practice to reduce the usage of bavin and the payout of energy resource, to intensify the investment and management to increase the farmers' income.

为研究我国实行的天然林保护工程对工程区内农户经济收入的影响，通过在湖北省、四川省和重庆市三地以农户为对象的问卷调查，分析天然林保护工程对工程区内农户经济收入、能源消费的影响，并提出相关政策建议：政府应对天然林保护工程区内的农户给予经济补偿；应该采取措施来减少农户薪柴使用量和农户能源支出；应采取措施加大天然林保护区内的投资和经营，确实增加农户的经济收入。

Taking household\'s land use preference as classification rule, household agent types were divided though classification tree. Different choosing process of current production strategies and theirs probabilities after expiration of GFGP chosen by various types of household agents\' were put forward by experience-weighted attraction model based on bounded -rational approach. Finally, forecasting the results of households\' recultivation behaviour after the expiration of GFGP by scenario analysis method. The results show that relative policies are useful to rectify deviation of households\' bounded-rational behaviours and reinforce outcomes of GFGP.

以农户家庭户主的土地利用选择偏好作为分类依据，采用分类树方法对农户智能体类型进行划分；基于有限理性决策理论，引用经历—权重吸引模型，对农户智能体的目前生产策略决策过程和退耕还林政策期满后农户对不同生产策略的选择概率进行了分析；最后，在ERDAS环境下对退耕还林政策期满后农户的复垦行为进行了情景分析，认为政府制定并实施的相关政策措施对于纠正农户的有限理性行为偏差，维持和巩固退耕还林政策成果具有重要作用。

The result shows that: a positive correlation is found between the amount of application of chemical fertilizer and some factors, such as farming hours, attitude towards risks, total family incomes and the proportion of agricultural labour and non-agriculturallabour. A negative correlation is found between the amount of application of chemical fertilizer and other factors, such as farmers' educational background, their cognition of chemical fertilizer, and the channel of information. The agricultural incomes and planting areas seem to be not notable inflecting factors.

研究结果表明：户主的从农时间、风险态度、农户家庭总收入、以及劳力与非农比例情况对农户施肥量成正向相关关系；户主的教育程度、农户对于化肥的认知情况、信息渠道、施肥方式、是否施用有机肥、农户对于化肥利用率的认知以及农户对于污染认知程度等因素对农户施肥量成负向相关关系；农业收入和种植面积的影响则是不显著的。

To promote development of beef cattle industry in Inner Mongolia need stimulate the most of small scales farmers production initiative and increase their income and change their disadvantage. These aims not only need corporation surrendering part of the profit, but also need to make a joint effort with farmer、cattle dealer and corporation.

因此，调动大部分小规模养殖农户的生产积极性，促进肉牛业的进一步发展必须从提高农户收入，改变农户弱势地位入手，这需要农户、政府、企业各方面的共同努力。

If peasants are in a heavy pressure from capital restriction, they may have to sell at the "three sale fastigiums" and lose their opportunities of maximizing their sale profits.

回归结果在整体上验证了本文的整体分析及具体假说，农户的农作物品种越特殊、农户家庭经济中农业比重越高、户主信息可得性越强，农户越倾向于选择&新型销售方式&；农户面临的资金约束是农户选择在&三大销售高峰期&销售的最重要原因，当农户的资金压力形成硬约束时，农户没有选择实现利润最大化的销售时机的自由。

But the timber price is higher, farmers\' harvest willingness is higher as famers hold the waiting attitude. Farmers want to harvest in the large forest plot and bad quality forestland. Other varibles results are sames as the above.In the end, the article puts forward some policy suggestions from three aspects to promote farmers to promote household to engage in forest management on the basis of above analysis.

之后，利用Probit模型估计了农户木材采伐意愿的影响因素，发现影响因素与木材决策的相似，但是木材价格与农户木材采伐意愿负相关，在木材价格持续走高的形势下，农户持观望态度；林地地块面积越大，农户采伐意愿越高；林地立地质量越差，农户越想采伐，可能是想进行低产林改造；其他变量结论与木材采伐决策结论相同。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。