再发生

Gabriel reaction was adopted to synthesis 2-(0ctahydro-1-azocinyl)ethylamine, N-(β-Heptamethyleniminoethy1)phthalimide was prepared by treating Heptamethylenimine with N -(β-bromoethy1) phthalimide. N -(β-bromoethy1) phthalimide was easily prepared from phthalic anhydride in two steps.

我们采用Gabriel伯胺合成法制备2-环庚亚胺基乙胺，从邻苯二甲酸酐经过两步反应很容易地得到N-邻苯二甲酰亚胺，然后与环庚亚胺发生亲核取代反应，产物再水解制得伯胺2-环庚亚胺基乙胺。

In order to study degradation of potassic mineral by fungi, we isolated a thermophilic fungi strain TH003 from compost. The strain can use extract potassium from rocks as a nutrient. The strain was identified as Aspergillus fumigatus based on its morphological characteristics and molecular result.

为研究真菌对含钾矿物的吸附降解作用，作者从高温堆肥中分离选育出了一株丝状真菌TH003菌株，通过在含有矿物颗粒的改进PDA培养基中培养，使其在培养液中与矿物颗粒发生作用，再取样进行电镜观察和X-射线衍射分析以及电子探针观察。

Considering the switch of the DC control mode, a new load margin solution is presental that is to solve the maximum load incremental under each DC control mode separately and add them together. The method is characterized by its convenience of considering varialle constraints of DC system and adjustment of DC operation mode.

交直流系统直流控制方式会发生调整，提出分段求解负荷裕度的方法，即分别用内点法求解系统不同直流控制方式的最大负荷增量再求和，该方法能方便考虑直流变量约束及运行方式的调整。

Medical packaging of surface treatment are usually UV glazing, covered with film, polished like spectroscopy》, covered with film, polished, and so a high temperature dehydrolyzing paper, water content significantly decrease, then stop bit protrudent, part of the paper fiber brittle occur.

药品包装的表面处理通常采用UV上光、覆膜、磨光等工艺，其中，上光、覆膜、磨光等使纸张经过高温脱水，含水量明显降低，再通过位伸，部分纸张纤维脆会发生形变。

First, it gives a retrospective study of the demarcation problems in philosophy of science and explains how under different criteria of science/pseudoscience Feng-shui activities may be regarded as scientific or pseudoscientific.

其次，论文引入科学实践哲学和科学知识社会学的新视角，试图在科学知识社会学的案例研究的自然主义描述方式、微观的发生学进路和科学哲学对实践和语境重视的背景下对风水进行一次再考察。

Then the flow in the curved pipe and reducing pipe was simulated through using CFD software, know that fluid passing curved pipe, reducing pipe can form secondary flow, vortex shedding, circumfluence, occur separation of boundary layer and periodic circulation flow, make the fluid pulsant, then cause the pipe vibrancy.

然后再应用通用CFD软件对具有弯曲和变径的热风炉管内流场进行模拟，得到当流体流过弯管、文氏管后形成了二次流、环流，并发生边界层分离和周期性旋涡脱落，它们会使后面的管流处于脉动状态，脉动状态的流体在管内流动时，会引起管道系统产生振动。

Four chalcones were synthesized by aldol condensation reaction of acetophenone or para-substituted acetophenones with 2-phenyl-1,2,3-triazol-4-carboxaldehyde, which reacted with three hydrazines in glacial acetic acid under refluxing to give a series of pyrazoline derivatives.

以2-苯基－1，2，3-三唑基－4-甲醛为原料，与苯乙酮［或取代苯乙酮(1a~1d)］发生羟醛缩合，生成相应的查尔酮(2a~2d)，再与不同的肼反应，合成了12种新的5位含2-苯基－1，2，3-三唑基的吡唑啉衍生物3a~3d，4a~4d，5a~5d。

In the third chapter, the synthesis of5-[(1"S)-1",2"-diacetyl-oxyethyl]-1-phenylpyrazol-3-carboxaldehyde oxime(2) from5-[(1"S)-1",2"-diacetyl-oxyethyl]-1-phenylpyrazol-3-carboxaldehyde(1) and phenyl-hydrazine were introduced firstly. The synthesis of nine dioxapyrrolino[3,4-c]pyrazoles containing chiral pyrazolyl moiety(6a-i) from 2 with N-substituted-phenylmaleimide by nonmetal oxidant IBD-initiated intermolecular 1,3-dipolarcycloaddition was described in detail.

第三章首先以5-[(1′S)-1′，2′-二乙酰氧基乙基]-1-苯基吡唑-3-醛(1)和苯肼为原料，合成了化合物5-(1′S)-1′，2′-二乙酰氧基乙基1-1-苯基吡唑-3-醛-苯腙(2)；再用化合物(2)与N-取代苯基马来酰亚胺反应，利用无金属氧化剂—IBD引发1，3-偶极反应，发生分子间的环加成，合成了9种新型手性吡唑连二氧代吡咯啉并

The first step in the degradation is most probably the classical ester scission reaction to give a carboxylic acid and olefinic end groups. Further ester scission on the adjacent ester groups of carboxylic acid and olefinic molecular chains can then lead to the formation of lower weight pyrolytic products, such as: CH〓=CHOCOPhCOOCH=CH〓、CH〓=CHOCOPhCOOH and HOOCPhCOOH, and they can pyrolyze continually to produce substrate pyrolytic compounds, such as: HOOCPhCOCH〓、PhCOOH、PhH、PhCOCH〓 and CO、CO〓. At the same time, a corsslinking cyclization reaction occurred of the formation of the gas products during the degradation of PET.

断裂大分子链端邻近羰基和乙烯基的酯键持续断裂，不断地形成小分子裂解产物，如：CH〓=CHOCOPhCOOCH=CH〓、CH〓=CHOCOPhCOOH以及HOOCPhCOOH，这些产物还会进一步裂解成分子量更低的小分子裂解产物，如：HOOCPhCOCH〓、PhCOOH、PhH、PhCOCH〓以及CO、CO〓等，与此同时，一部分乙烯基酯端基的大分子链碎片会发生支化而相互连接，再经&链脱离&和环化反应形成难燃的交联产物。

Although the EPRI give a set of the approximate engineering solution method, actually the crack of parts in engineering project mostly presents inner 3D effect. If using 2D elastic-plastic or 3D elastic analysis, the result can't be precise. Because these methods have neglected the reassignation of the stress and strain which happened at nearly the top of cracks, carrying on 3D elastic-plastic analysis and J-integral calculation become the foundational work to study the expander and safety assessment of the pressure vessel cracks.

虽然EPRI给出了一套近似的工程解法，但实际上工程中构件的裂纹大多呈现内在的三维效应，若使用二维弹塑性或三维弹性分析必然不够精确，因为对裂纹的&等效&二维表达忽视了发生在靠近裂纹端部的应力和应变的再分配，所以对压力容器裂纹进行三维弹塑性分析及其J积分是研究压力容器裂纹扩展和安全评定的基础工作之一。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。