再制造

Carry on structure analysis to the spare parts first, understand its structure characteristics to choose suitable semi-finished product and the semi-finished product manufacturing of the reasonable a craft thus;Then the technique request of spare parts carries on analysis, understanding it each process superficial accuracy grade and the surface rough degree, make it process the fixed position in the process and clip a tight way in assurance inside the scope of economic accuracy, draw up the machine of spare parts to process craft process thus and further, choose each work preface to process equipments and craft material, the assurance slices to pare dosage and craft size, computing the man-hour of each work preface settle sum.

首先对零件进行结构分析，了解其结构特点从而选择合适的毛坯以及合理的毛坯制造工艺；再零件的技术要求进行分析，了解其各加工表面的精度等级以及表面粗糙度，使其在经济精度的范围内确定加工过程中的定位和夹紧方式，从而进一步拟订零件的机械加工工艺过程，选择各工序加工设备以及工艺装备，确定切削用量以及工艺尺寸，计算各工序的工时定额。

On the middle shelf a chipped eggcup containing pepper, a drum of table salt, four conglomerated black olives in oleaginous paper, an empty pot of Plumtree's potted meat, an oval wicker basket bedded with fibre and containing one Jersey pear, a halfempty bottle of William Gilbey and Co's white invalid port, half disrobed of its swathe of coralpink tissue paper, a packet of Epps's soluble cocoa, five ounces of Anne Lynch's choice tea at 2/- per lb in a crinkled leadpaper bag, a cylindrical canister containing the best crystallised lump sugar, two onions, one, the larger, Spanish, entire, the other, smaller, Irish, bisected with augmented surface and more redolent, a jar of Irish Model Dairy's cream, a jug of brown crockery containing a naggin and a quarter of soured adulterated milk, converted by heat into water, acidulous serum and semisolidified curds, which added to the quantity subtracted for Mr Bloom's and Mrs Fleming's breakfasts, made one imperial pint, the total quantity originally delivered, two cloves, a halfpenny and a small dish containing a slice of fresh ribsteak.

还有一个小玻璃瓶，里面装着加了芳香剂的糖果。中层放着一只盛了胡椒粉的有缺口的蛋杯，饭桌上还摆着那种鼓状食盐瓶，用油纸包着的四颗粘成一团的黑色橄榄，一听李树商标肉罐头的空罐儿，垫着纤丝的椭圆形柳条筐里是一只泽西梨，喝剩下的半瓶威廉。吉尔比公司釀造的药用白葡萄酒（裹在瓶子上的粉珊瑚色薄绘纸已剥掉了一半），一包埃普斯公司制造的速溶可可；一只绉锡纸袋里装着安妮。林奇公司出品的五英两特级茶叶，每磅二先令；一只圆筒形罐子，盛着优质结晶角沙糖；两颗葱头，较大的那颗西班牙种的是完整的，较小的那颗爱尔兰种的已经切成两瓣儿，面积扩大了，气味也更冲鼻了；一罐爱尔兰模范奶场的奶酪，一只褐色陶罐，盛着四分之一品脱零四分之一兑了水并变酸了的牛奶（由于炎热，它已化为水、酸性乳浆与半固体凝乳，再加上布卢姆先生和弗莱明大妈作为早餐消费掉的部分，就足够一英品脱了，相当于原先送来的总量）；两朵丁香花蕾，一枚半便士硬币和盛有一片新鲜排骨肉的一个小碟子。

There isn' t overmany differences in the materials, structure, and manufacturing procedure of economizers, superheaters, reheaters and headers between 900MW supercritical pressure monotube boiler and the former boilers made in our company, except the size is bigger.

90 0MW超临界直流锅炉与上海锅炉厂有限公司以往制造的锅炉产品相比，其省煤器、过热器、再热器及相应集箱的材料、结构和制造工艺除了尺寸较大之外无大的差异。

At the end of last year, we saw the advertisement film on "Made in China". However, even more advertisements can't overweigh the negative impact of cheap copy mobile phones nor can they make up the image loss of companies like Huawei, ZTE, and Haier in the world.

去年年底在美国我们看到了&中国制造&的广告宣传片，但是做再多广告，都不如山寨机的负面影响大；而山寨机的出口再多，也弥补不了中国的华为、中兴、海尔这些公司在国际上受到的品牌形象损失。

The issue is expected to achieve the goal through the reboiler of the main components of the manufacturing process design, equipment manufacturing process to further understanding.

本课题预期达到的目标是通过对再沸器的主要部件制造工艺的设计，对设备制造工艺有进一步的了解。

According to the wire electrode on the trajectory of the different forms of control, WEDM can be divided into three types:* is a copy-control, cutting their lines in advance to create the shape of the workpiece and the same mode *, When the rough machining parts and die at the same time * Clamping in the machine tool table, in the process of cutting wire electrode tightly * close to the edge of model for mobile track, thus cutting out the model * with the same shape and precision to work; another One is the optical tracking control, the cutting in line before the first parts in accordance with drawings by a certain ratio of enlarge depicts an electro-optical tracking maps, drawings will be processed when the machine electro-optical tracking placed on the stage, followed on the stage The first photo has to follow the ink line graphics track movement, and then through the use of electrical, mechanical linkage to control the machine tool table work together with the relative electrode wire Xiang Sixing do sports in order to cut out the pattern and shape of the workpiece to the same; a re - Is a digital process control, advanced digital automatic control technology, machine-driven process in accordance with the geometry of the workpiece before the parameters of good pre-processing CNC automatic completion of the processing, production do not look like without drawing board also plans to enlarge, in front of more than two Control in the form of higher precision processing and broad scope of application, at home and abroad for more than 95% of WEDM have been using digital technology.

根据对电极丝运动轨迹的控制形式不同，电火花线切割机床又可分为三种：一种是*模仿形控制，其在进行线切割加工前，预先制造出与工件形状相同的*模，加工时把工件毛坯和*模同时装夹在机床工作台上，在切割过程中电极丝紧紧地贴着*模边缘作轨迹移动，从而切割出与*模形状和精度相同的工件来；另一种是光电跟踪控制，其在进行线切割加工前，先根据零件图样按一定放大比例描绘出一张光电跟踪图，加工时将图样置于机床的光电跟踪台上，跟踪台上的光电头始终追随墨线图形的轨迹运动，再借助于电气、机械的联动，控制机床工作台连同工件相对电极丝做相似形的运动，从而切割出与图样形状相同的工件来；再一种是数字程序控制，采用先进的数字化自动控制技术，驱动机床按照加工前根据工件几何形状参数预先编制好的数控加工程序自动完成加工，不需要制作模样板也无需绘制放大图，比前面两种控制形式具有更高的加工精度和广阔的应用范围，目前国内外95％以上的电火花线切割机床都已采用数控化。

These factors have seriously influenced the security and economical operation of the unit. This paper firstly summarizes the research background and the general situation of resarch about the overheating problem of boiler's high-temperature surface ,introduces the aspects and research findings in this field such as flux deviation、thermal deviation、flue gas velocity deviation at the exit of furnace and tee bends,et al.Then analyses the reason why high-temperature surfaces are overheated from such aspects as design、manufacture、operation, et al and points out one of the main factors that cause the overheating of reheaters is the flue gas velocity deviation caused by the remaining turning at the exit of furnace.

本文首先综合论述了课题的研究背景和目前电站锅炉高温受热面超温问题的研究概况，介绍了国内外流量偏差、热偏差、炉膛出口残余旋转、&三通&等研究方向和研究成果，然后从锅炉的设计、制造、运行等方面分析了高温再热器超温的原因，指出水平烟道内气流的残余旋转是造成再热器超温的主要原因之一。

Wire electrode based on the trajectory of the different forms of control, WEDM can be divided into three types: one is shaped by the imitation controlled cutting in line in advance and work to create the same shape by mold, when processing the workpiece at the same time rough and on the mold clamping in the machine tool table, in the process of cutting wire electrode tightly against the mold on the edge of the track for the mobile, thus cutting out and die on the same shape and precision to the workpiece; another One is the electro-optical tracking control, to carry out the cutting line, before the basis of certain parts to enlarge the proportion of drawings depicts an electro-optical tracking map-processing machines will be placed in design stage of electro-optical tracking, tracking platform Photoelectric first line of graphics has always been to follow the track of the Mexican campaign, and then through the use of electrical, mechanical linkage to control the machine tool table, together with the workpiece so相似形wire electrode relative movement, thus cutting out the same shape and design to the workpiece; again a digital control, the use of advanced automatic control of digital technology-driven machine tool in accordance with the pre-processing parameters according to the workpiece geometry pre-processing procedures for the preparation of a good CNC auto-complete processing, the production does not require appearance on board the need to map to enlarge map of the previous two form of control has a higher machining accuracy and a broad range of applications, both at home and abroad more than 95% have adopted WEDM NC.

根据对电极丝运动轨迹的控制形式不同，电火花线切割机床又可分为三种：一种是靠模仿形控制，其在进行线切割加工前，预先制造出与工件形状相同的靠模，加工时把工件毛坯和靠模同时装夹在机床工作台上，在切割过程中电极丝紧紧地贴着靠模边缘作轨迹移动，从而切割出与靠模形状和精度相同的工件来；另一种是光电跟踪控制，其在进行线切割加工前，先根据零件图样按一定放大比例描绘出一张光电跟踪图，加工时将图样置于机床的光电跟踪台上，跟踪台上的光电头始终追随墨线图形的轨迹运动，再借助于电气、机械的联动，控制机床工作台连同工件相对电极丝做相似形的运动，从而切割出与图样形状相同的工件来；再一种是数字程序控制，采用先进的数字化自动控制技术，驱动机床按照加工前根据工件几何形状参数预先编制好的数控加工程序自动完成加工，不需要制作靠模样板也无需绘制放大图，比前面两种控制形式具有更高的加工精度和广阔的应用范围，目前国内外95%以上的电火花线切割机床都已采用数控化。切割属电加工范畴，是由前苏联人发明的，我国是第一个用于工业生产的国家，当时由复但大学和苏州长风机械厂合作生产的这是最早的机型叫复旦型，我们国内在此基础上发展了快走丝系统。欧美和日本发展了慢走系统LS

Indoor air sources of formaldehyde are mainly in the following aspects : 1, the plywood used for interior decoration, Ximugongban, medium density fibreboard and shaving board, and other artificial plate because formaldehyde has strong sexual bond, has strengthened plate and the hardness control, corrosion functions, Therefore, the current production of imitation board use Jiaonianji merits to formaldehyde as the main ingredients thiourea aldehyde resins, plate, residual and did not participate in the response formaldehyde will gradually release of the surrounding environment is a indoor air formaldehyde main ;2, using imitation board manufacturing furniture, some manufacturers in the pursuit of profit, the use of unqualified plate. In preliminary front face material reuse inferior glue, the manufacturing processes are not standardized, as a result of customers buying home, to buy a small emission points ;3, containing formaldehyde content and may distribute to the outside other categories decorative materials, such as stickers Qiangbu, with wallpapers, chemical fiber carpet, foam, paint and paint, etc.;4, combustion, emit formaldehyde certain materials, such as cigarettes and some organic materials.

室内空气中的甲醛来源主要有以下几个方面：1、用作室内装饰的胶合板、细木工板、中密度纤维板和刨花板等人造板材，因为甲醛具有较强的粘合性，还具有加强板材的硬度及防虫、防腐的功能，所以目前生产人造板使用的胶粘剂是非曲直以甲醛为主要成分的脲醛树脂，板材中残留的和未参与反应的甲醛会逐渐向周围环境释放，是形成室内空气中甲醛的主体；2、用人造板制造的家具，一些厂家为了追求利润，使用不合格的板材，在粘接贴面材料时再使用劣质胶水，制造工艺不规范，结果顾客买回家去，等于买回了一个小型废气排放站；3、含有甲醛成分并有可能向外界散发的其他各类装饰材料，比如贴墙布，贴墙纸，化纤地毯、泡沫塑料、油漆和涂料等；4、燃烧后会散发甲醛的某些材料，比如香烟及一些有机材料。

Mounting and alignment structures for optical components allow optical components to be connected to an optical bench and then subsequently aligned, either passively or actively, in a manufacturing or subsequent calibration or recalibration, alignment or realignment processes.

用于光学元件的安装和对准构件，可以允许光学元件被连接到一光具座上，然后在后面所进行的制造、或校准、或再校准、对准或再对准过程中被无源地或有源地对准。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。