再分化

But parenchyma cells of cotyledon did only from the later.

而子叶仅仅是距离切面400～600 μm的薄壁细胞脱分化后再分化成芽的。

There are two clues in the dissertation demonstratively. One is the master line and it is about the evolution course of the university model from prototype university in the Mediaeval Ages, the preliminary differentiation in earlier modern times to nationa-style university models as well as US's research university model today.

在论文的具体论述中，论文形成了交叉进行的两条线索，一条线索是大学模式的演变历程，从中世纪的原型大学到近代早期的初步分化，再到近代以来的国别特色的大学模式的产生和现代时期美国的研究型大学模式，这是论文的主线；另外一条线索是大学知识生产的历史变迁，这是一条暗线，交织在对每个阶段大学模式发展变化的分析之中。

Thereafter, due to a large number of ancient human fossils found in the material, some people think that the human and ape in the new Middle and Late Miocene Tertiary (180-600 million years ago) started to divide the community a few years Dryopithecus health of various species are the ancestors of monkeys, a species which evolved into the first person Branch representatives - Ramapithecus later evolved from the Ramapithecus dating back 200 million years ago, Australopithecus, and then through the Homo erectus, early Homo sapiens, late Homo sapiens (M. Krume farmer) and evolved into modern man.

此后，由于大量古人类化石材料的发现，部分人认为人和猿是在新第三纪的中新世中晚期（距今180—600万年间）开始分化的，森林古猿里的几个种是各种现生猿的祖先，其中有一个种进化成最早的人科代表——腊玛古猿，以后由腊玛古猿进化成距今200万年前的南方古猿，再经过直立人、早期智人、晚期智人而进化成现代人。

Morphologically, embryonic stem cells developed from unicells into compact three-embryonic layer embryoid body and into incompact cell population.

胚胎干细胞在形态学上由单细胞发育为致密的包含3胚层结构的拟胚体，再继续分化为松散的细胞群落。

Business footholds can soon become political bridgeheads, which coupled with weak politics creates a vulnerability to Russian influence-peddling and mischief-making.

这些公司很容易成为政治斗争的桥头堡，再加上东欧政府偏弱，就更加难敌俄罗斯渗透与分化。

Neurotrophic factors play an important role in the culture, proliferation and differentiation of stem cells, and regeneration and remyelination of neurite.

神经营养因子在干细胞的培养、增殖、分化以及轴索的再生和再髓鞘化等过程中发挥着重要作用。

Culture tender leaves in culture medium of MS+2,4-D1.5mg/L+30g/L suger+0.7% agar pH5.8 for 20 days in darkness at 25℃, and then subculture to induced Ⅱ-type calli. Use forceps cutting the tissue to nubble with 2mm2, and put the tissue into Agrodacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 liquid supplemented with AS 100mg/L,then, co-culture 3 days, resume 7 days in MS+2,4-D1.5mg/L+30g/L suger+500mg/L cef, take to MS+2,4-D1.5mg/L+30g/L suger+100mg/L cef+10.0mg/L kanamycin culture 20 days in darkness. After that to make it polarize in MS+30g/L suger+100mg/L cef+10.0mg/L km. The percentage of km resistant callus was reached max after infection for 45 min, the average is 29.66%. Simultaneity, tender leave callus are infected 5 min by A. tumefaciens liquid in different negative pressure, and kept on 15 min in Agrodacterium tumefaciens liquid without negative pressure. Then screen out resistant callus and obtain transgenic plants. When the negative pressure is -0.05MP the percentage of km resistant callus was reached max, the average rate is 37.5%.

将心叶接种于MS+2.4-D1.5mg/L+30g/L 蔗糖，琼脂0.7%，pH5.8 培养基中25℃暗培养20d 后继代一次，诱导产生Ⅱ型胚性愈伤组织，用镊子将其夹碎成2mm2大小的小块，置入添加100mg/L AS 的根癌农杆菌LBA4404 菌液中，侵染时间为45min，共培养3 天后，转入MS+2.4-D1.5mg/L+30g/L 蔗糖+500mg/L Cef 培养基中恢复7天，再转入MS+2.4-D1.5mg/L+30g/L 蔗糖+100mg/L Cef+10.0mg/L Km 中，遮光培养20d后，置入其MS+30g/L 蔗糖+100mg/L Cef+10.0mg/L Km 分化，卡那霉素抗性愈伤组织获得率在侵染45min 时达到最大值平均为29.66%；同时以甘蔗心叶愈伤组织材料，通过循环水式真空泵，产生负压，设定不同的负压值，在农杆菌菌液中感染5min 后，在负压条件下继续侵染15min 后，筛选出抗性愈伤组织并获得转化植株，其中在负压为-0.05 时转化率达到最大值，其卡那霉素抗性愈伤组织获得率平均为37.5%。

The central theme of this thesis is to investigate the expression of lymphocyte surface marker and concentration of serum cytokines in four groups of patients with sepsis : Group 1, patients with Gram positive bacterial infection; Group 2, patients with Gram negative bacterial infection; Group 3, patients with negative cultures but strong evidence of infection; Group 4, patients without clinical and microbiologic evidence of infection as control group.

本研究主要以临床诊断为主再配合血液培养将病人分为四组：第一组是有革兰氏阳性细菌感染的病人；第二组是有革兰氏阴性细菌感染的病人；第三组是没有培养出细菌的感染性病人；第四组是由临床诊断及微生物培养证实为正常对照组。利用单株抗体接上萤光物质再配合流式细胞分析仪来测定淋巴球上各种细胞膜表面分化抗原的变化及利用酵素免疫分析法来探讨血清各种细胞素之变化。

Expanded MSCs were induced to differentiate into nerve cells withthree different treatment protocol in the prensent study . On the following day, the medium was replaced with preinduction medium consisting of DMEM, 20% FCS, and 10 ng/ml basic fibroblast growth factor. After 24 h, the preinduction medium was removed, the cells were washed twice with PBS, and neuronal induction medium containing DMEM supplemented with 2% DMSO and200 m bu-tylated hydroxyanisole was added. In later experiments, we used DMEM with 5 mM p - mercaptoethanol or sulfo - glycerine as an alternative neuronal induction medium for the same incubation.

将待诱导分化的MSCs按0.4x10~6／ml接种于事先放置有消毒盖玻片的六孔板内制备细胞爬片，分别采用三种不同的方法诱导第2代至10代的MSCs向神经细胞分化，即方法1先用含bFGF的培养基进行预诱导，之后再用含叔丁基对羟基茴香醚，和二甲亚砜的无血清培养基进行诱导；方法2和方法3用B-巯基乙醇和硫代甘油进行预诱导，然后不同浓度的上述物质进行正式诱导。

Transcription factors can control the transcription of their target genes when they bind to the DNA-binding sites on their promotors. They can transfer the messages of growth factors and so on to those effective molecules. Core binding factor al is such a kind of transcription factor, which can control the differentiation of osteoblasts peculiarly. They can induce the pro-osteoblasts or non-osteoblasts to synthesize and secrete most mineralize related proteins such as ALP, OC, OPN, BSP and so on, in order to differentiate to osteoblasts finally.

转录因子是一类可以通过与下游靶DNA结合，从而调控下游基因转录的分子，它们接受来自生长因子等方面的信号，再将这些指令具体地传递给直接执行功能的蛋白分子。cbfal是一种成骨分化特异性转录因子，可以诱导成骨前体细胞合成和分泌ALP、OC、OPN、BSP等矿化相关蛋白，向成骨细胞分化。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。