内酯酸的

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of the lactone and carboxylate forms of 10-hydroxycamptothecin in human serum was established.

本论文在屏蔽疏水固定相上建立了用于同时分离测定人血清中羧酸盐型和内酯型10-羟基喜树碱的直接进样HPLC分析方法。

Results: The proportion of Gram-negative bacilli rose obviously, so did the opportunistic pathogen's and Yeasts detected rate. Most drug sensitive tests showed the drug-fast rate turned to be high. Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Citrobacter resistant and so on to fluoroquinolones was 57%~97%. These bacteria to imipenem showed excellent activity. Meticillin-resistant-staphylococcus resistant to ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, clindamycin, tetracycline, erythromycin, cefazolin and ampicillin were 40.9%, 42.4%, 63.6%, 72.2%, 85.9%, 100.0% and 100.0%, respectively Streptococcus and Enterococcus resistant to major β-lactams-penicillin, aminoglycosides, macrolides, tetracyclines and sulfonamides were between 36.0% to 100.0%.

结果：革兰阴性杆菌比例显著升高，条件致病菌和酵母样真菌检出机会显著增多；药敏结果显示多数临床细菌对常用抗生素的耐药趋势在不断上升；大肠埃希菌、沙门菌和枸橼酸杆菌等革兰阴性杆菌对喹诺酮类药物的耐药率达57%~97%，亚胺培南则对阴性杆菌有较高的敏感覆盖率；耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌对环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、氯洁霉素、四环素、红霉素、头孢唑啉和氨苄西林的耐药率分别为40.9%、42.4%、63.6%、70.2%、85.9%、100.0%和100.0%；链球菌和肠球菌对多数β内酰胺类青霉素、氨基糖苷类、大环内酯类、四环素类以及磺胺类药物均呈高度耐药，耐药率在36%~100%。

Methods We investigated the alterations of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 (NMDAR1) mRNA in rat cerebral cortex and hippocampus by using digoxigenin labled cDNA probe,nonradioactive in situ hybridization technique.

采用原位杂交技术，研究了马桑内酯致痫大鼠大脑皮层、海马N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸受体亚单位1(NMDAR1)mRNA表达的变化。

The E-TOF will also be feasible and practical to assist chemists in screening the optimal reaction condition or evaluating the overall efficiency of different catalytic systems for a specific asymmetric reaction.4.For the first time,we explored chiralγ-hydroxy-α,β-acetylenic esters,which were prepared via asymmetric alkynylation,as key intermediates to the synthesis of chiralγ-butyrolactones. This convergent and enantioselective approach to chiralγ-butyrolactones is practical and easily handled with protecting group free.

这一概念包括反应产率、对映选择性、配体用量以及反应时间四个重要反应参数，不仅适用同一反应不同催化体系的横向综合性评价，而且适用于某一特定反应催化体系的优化过程，有助于研究人员选择最佳的反应条件。4、我们发展了以手性γ-羟基-α，β-炔酸酯为关键中间体完成了手性γ-丁内酯类天然产物的对映立体选择性全合成，该关键中间体能够以我们的催化体系方便的对映选择性合成，之后的官能团转换方法成熟，易于操作，无需进行繁琐的官能团保护和脱保护过程，绿色经济。

A series of important basic and fine chemical products (such as 1,4-butyl -glycol,γ-butyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran, fumaric acid and tetra-hydride pa)can be produced when maleic anhydride is used as the raw material.

以顺酐为原料还可以生产1，4-丁二醇、γ-丁内酯、四氢呋喃、富马酸和四氢苯酐等一系列重要的基本化学品和精细化学品等。

The diastereo-selective lactones 57～58 was obtained by the polyfluoroalkyl -lactonization of S--2-methyl-4-pentenoic acid under the reaction conditions mentioned above.

以S--2-甲基-4-戊烯酸进行上述内酯化反应，可得到具有立体选择性的产物57a，57b，58a，58b。

Objective:To optimize the extraction process of Ferulic Acid and Ligustilide in Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.

目的 ：研究川芎中有效成分阿魏酸及藁本内酯的最佳提取条件。

Compounds were identified by means of physic-chemical property and spectral data including three new compounds: platyphyllin A (1), neochlorgeniclatone (2),(2E,6Z)-2,6-dimethyl-8-O-β-D-glucosyl-2,6-octadienoic acid (3). The known compounds included cyclic diarylheptanoids, phenylic acid, ect.

从白桦叶的水提取物中，利用各种色谱分离手段(硅胶柱色谱、聚酰胺柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱及制备薄层色谱等)，分离得到28个化合物，通过理化性质及各种波谱数据(NMR，MS，IR，etc)鉴定了23个化合物的结构，其中新化合物三个：platyphyllin A(1)，新绿原酸内酯(neochlorgeniclatone，2)，(2E，6Z)-2，6-二甲基-8-O--2，6-辛二烯酸(2E，6Z-2，6-dimethyl-8-O-β-D-glucosyl-2，6-octadienoic acid，3。

A series of ABEPS were synthesized from long chain fatty acids, benzene, polyglycol and 1, 3-propane sultone by the procedure of Friedel-Crafts acylation, Huang-Minlon reduction, Williamson and sulfonation reaction, and these compounds had never been reported in the past time.

以长链羧酸、苯、多缩乙二醇和丙烷磺内酯为初始原料，依次经Friedel-Crafts酰基化反应、Huang-Minlon还原、Blank反应、Williamson成醚以及磺化反应等过程，合成了系列未见报道的ABEPS。

Three fullerene derivatives including a bisadduct of tetraethyl methano[60] fullerenediphosphona- te、a dimalonic acid[60]fullerene (DMA C60and fullerol were used to study the relationship between their photo-induced GSH depletion and structures.

采用二加成亚甲基富勒烯[60]二膦酸四乙酯、二加成富勒烯[60]丙二酸(DMA C60)和富勒醇 3种富勒烯衍生物研究富勒烯衍生物的结构与光诱导细胞内GSH耗竭的关系。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。