内窥镜

Objective: To observe the clinical effects of endoscopic great saphenous vein harvesting in coronary artery bypass.

目的：探讨在冠状动脉搭桥术中应用内窥镜小切口采集大隐静脉的微创技术和早期临床效果。

Objective: To observe the clinical effects of endoscopic great saphenous vein harvesting in coronary artery bypass grafting.

目的：探讨在冠状动脉搭桥术中应用内窥镜小切口采集大隐静脉的微创技术和早期临床效果。

The factory had polish production equipment, complete testing equipment and more than 160 sets of special equipment, such as vacuum induction furnace, medium-frequency induction furnace, centrifugal pouring machine, automatic welder, direct-reading spectrocomparator, endoscope and vortex flaw detector, etc., with the yearly production of 2,500 tons of centrifugal tube casting and 2,000 tons of precision casting.

工厂生产装备精良、检测设备齐全，拥有真空感应电炉、中频感应电炉、离心浇注机、自动焊机、直读光谱仪、内窥镜、涡流探伤仪等各种专用设备160余台套，具有年产离心铸管2500吨、精密铸件2000吨的生产能力。

Transnasal endoscopic sphenoethmoidal optic canal decompression is a good method for treatment of pst-traumatic optic neuropathy.

认为经鼻内窥镜筛蝶窦进路视神经管减压术，出血少，有更大的实用性，是治疗视神经损伤较好的手术方法。

①Headache at different levels was the commonest symptom for benign and malignant lesions. The visual loss was another common symptom. It is important to realize the relationship between visual symptom and space-occupied lessions in sphenoidal sinus and sellar area;②Imaging study is very important for the diagnosis of the lesions in sphenoidal sinus and sellar area;③It is helpful to do needle-aspirating biopsy under endoscopy to confirm the pathologic diagnosis.

①良恶性病变均以头痛为第一常见症状，眼部症状为第二常见症状，掌握眼部症状与蝶鞍占位的关系对及早诊断意义重大；②影像学检查对此区域病变的发现和诊断起着重要作用；③内窥镜的应用及镜下穿刺活检亦对诊断十分有帮助。

Treatment with endoscopic sinus surgery is a safe and effective method for mycosis sphenoiditis.

经鼻内窥镜手术治疗真菌性蝶窦炎具有手术进路安全，患者痛苦小，疗效肯定，术后不易复发等优点。

Results:77.5% of sphenoid ostia can be identified by endoscope directly.The distances from sphenoid ostia to the superior and lateral wall of sphenoid sinus,the foramen of sphenopalatine artery,the anterior wall of sella,posterior nasal septum and nasal column were 9.6±4.1 mm,9.2±1.8 mm,11.1±1.6 mm,14.7±3.6 mm,3.6±0.5 mm and 61.6±3.7 mm respectively.

结果：77.5%的蝶窦口内窥镜直接窥见，窦口距离蝶窦顶壁、外壁、蝶腭动脉孔、鞍前壁、鼻中隔后端分别为8.6±3.1 mm、9.2±1.8 mm、11.1±1.6 mm、14.7±3.6 mm、3.6±0.5 mm，距离鼻小柱根部前缘61.6±3.7 mm，与鼻底夹角31.8°±5.2°。

This study reports our first year's experience of endoscopic sphincterotomy for common bile duct stones.

本文报告作者在第一年经内窥镜切开括约肌治疗胆总管结石的经验。

This study reports our first year's experience of endoscopic sphincterotomy for common bile ducts stones.

本文报道作者第一年经内窥镜切开括约肌治疗胆总管结石的经验。

Stenosed spaces of OMC is an important factor causing sinusitis and must be corrected in endoscopic sinus surgery.

OMC间隙狭窄为鼻窦炎发生的重要危险因素；在鼻窦内窥镜手术治疗鼻窦炎疾病时，必须矫正OMC间隙狭窄。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。