内的

Barrel is the key part of artillery. In shot process, propellent gas of high pressure and high temperature flows in the tube at a high rate of speed, which brings an upheaval to the temperature field of the composite barrel. As to the composite barrel with metal inner, its poor thermal conductivity is more likely to cause uneven temperature distribution and bigger temperature gradient, to produce improper deformation and to make the work temperature of metal inner rise, all of which will affect the life span of barrel.

身管是火炮的关键部件，在火炮发射过程中，高温、高压的火药燃气在身管内成脉冲式高速流动，使身管受到急剧的加热，引起身管壁内的温度急剧变化，而对于带金属内衬复合材料身管，由于复合材料导热性能较差，更容易引起非均匀温度分布以及较大的温度梯度，产生不合适的变形，也会使身管的金属内衬的工作温度升高，从而使得身管的寿命降低，同时身管的发热会引起其刚度的变化，增大射弹散布。

The results show:(1) In testis, PNA receptors sites were firstly observed in the cytoplasm and plasma membrane of primary spermatocyte, and greatly increased in the plasma membrane of second spermatocyte, then decreased and were accumulated in the tail of the round spermatid. The same reaction was observed in sperms of testis and spermatheca, which shows stronger reaction in head and weaker in tail. A universal dyeing was observed on the plasma membrane of sertoli cells.

结果表明：(1)在中华蚱蜢的精子发生中，PNA受体是由初级精母细胞合成，然后转移到膜上，在次级精母细胞，由于量的积累其质膜出现了强阳性标记；从早期精子细胞到成熟精子时期糖蛋白的分布发生了明显的修饰变化，这些变化与精子获得与卵子进行识别、粘附、结合等受精能力密切相关：受精囊内与精巢内的精子表面的标记是相同的，说明质膜糖蛋白的修饰作用在精巢内就已完成。

Then we transfected transitorily the recombinant of green fluorescent protein gene and middle molecular weight neurofilament cDNA into wide type N2a (N2a/wt) and N2a/tau40 to observe the effect of tau accumulation on GFP-NFM fusion protein transport in cellular processes in living cells. At last we used an apoptotic inducer, camptothecin (an inhibitor of topoisomerase-1) to treat N2a/wt and N2a/tau40 cell lines, and compared their apoptotic response.

主要结果如下：一、tau蛋白过度表达和聚积对细胞形态的影响：倒置显微镜下观察两种细胞的形态，发现N2a/wt细胞的突起多而长，而N2a/tau40细胞胞体变圆，突起明显缩短；免疫印迹结果显示转染了tau40的细胞内tau的免疫反应约增加14倍，免疫荧光结果显示N2a/tau40细胞胞体内呈现出较强的红色荧光，tau主要分布在核周和突起起始部分的胞质内，而N2a/wt细胞内的荧光很弱。

The members of the same genus and family were grouped together. The polyogenetic relationships of 8 families were Pyrgomorphidae →Chrotogonidae→Pamphagidae→Oedipodidae→Acrididae→Arcypteridae→Gomphoceridae→Cantantopidae.Pygomorphidae had closer relationships with Chrotogonidae as well as being the most ancestral group. Arcypteridae and Gomphoceridae were the sister groups and had closer relationships with most evolutionary Catantopidae. Tridactylidae was divided firstly as a suborder,which differs from the recent taxonomy distinctly. Haglidae and Gryllidae were grouped into suborder Ensifera, Tetrigidae and 8 families of Acridoidea were grouped into suborder Caelifera, as same as recent taxonomy.

分子系统树表明：科内的属和属内的种均优先聚在一起；蝗总科8科的起源关系为：锥头蝗科→瘤锥蝗科→癞蝗科→斑翅蝗科→剑角蝗科→网翅蝗科和槌角蝗科→斑腿蝗科；锥头蝗科与瘤锥蝗科关系较近，是蝗总科内最原始的类群；槌角蝗科和网翅蝗科互为姐妹群，与最进化的斑腿蝗科关系较近；蚤蝼科为独立的一支，最先分出，似为一个亚目，与现用的分类系统有明显差别；哈螽科和蟋蟀科聚在一起为剑瓣亚目，蚱科和蝗总科的8科组成短瓣亚目，同现用的分类系统。

A method for eliminating the internal oxide structure in the gas-phase carbon-nitrogen osmosis of gear features that the CCL4 is added to the kensene as carburizer and then is decomposed to generate Cl2 for reducing the oxide, the ammonia gas as nitrizing agen passes through the cylinder of silica gel or granular calcium chloride for adsorbing residual water vapour and then through the cylinder of 5A molecular sieve for adsorbing residual O2, and the resistance wire is wound on igniting pipe at furnace top to prevent the NH4Cl in exhausted gas from being condensed.

本方法采用在气体渗碳剂煤油中，加入6～8％的CCl 4 ，使共渗炉内的CCl 4 分解出新生的Cl 2 ，使已形成的合金元素内氧化物还原；在渗碳剂氨气入共渗炉前，先经过硅胶瓶或桶及粒状氯化钙瓶或桶过滤，吸附掉氨气中的残留水蒸汽，再经过5A分子筛瓶或桶吸附掉氨气中的残留氧；在靠近炉顶位置的点火管周围缠绕带瓷环的电阻丝，靠电阻丝的副带加热，使排气中的NH 4 Cl不冷凝结块等措施实现内氧化组织的消除。

In the present study changes of NOS positive cells after injection of LPS and apoptotic ependymal cells, the relationship between expression of immediate early gene c-fos and astrocytes, and comparison of changes between SFO and rest regions of the brain in different time-points were investigated with NADPH-d histochemistry, apoptosis in SITU detection of TUNEL, TEM and SEM, fluorescein double labeling of immunohistochemistry, and laser scanning confocal microscope .

为了证实穹窿下器在脑内免疫调节系统中的作用，在本研究当中，应用了NADPH-d的组化方法、TUNEL末端标记法、扫描及透射电镜方法、免疫组织化学的荧光双标法及激光扫描共聚焦显微镜技术，来研究在腹腔内给予大肠杆菌内毒素后，脑内的一氧化氮合酶细胞的变化、室管膜细胞的凋亡、早期即刻基因c-fos的表达与星形胶质细胞之间的关系，以及穹窿下器与其它脑区相比较时的特异性改变。

In the present study changes of NOS positive cells after injection of LPS and apoptotic ependymal cells, the relationship between expression of immediate early gene c-fos and astrocytes, and comparison of changes between SFO and rest regions of the brain in different time-points were investigated with NADPH-d histochemistry, apoptosis in SITU detection of TUNEL, TEM and SEM, fluorescein double labeling of immunohistochemistry, and laser scanning confocal microscope.

为了证实穹窿下器在脑内免疫调节系统中的作用，在本研究当中，应用了NADPH刁的组化方法、TUNEL末端标记法、扫描及透射电镜方法、免疫组织化学的荧光双标法及激光扫描共聚焦显微镜技术，来研究在腹腔内给予大肠杆菌内毒素后，脑内的一氧化氮合酶细胞的变化、室管膜细胞的凋亡、早期即刻基因（immediate early genes沁－fos的表达与星形胶质细胞之间的关系，以及穹窿下器与其它脑区相比较时的特异性改变。

Later, under the untypical parasternal four-chamber view which can thoroughly display the ostium of coronary sinus, the catheter was promoted further to the ostium of coronary venous sinus. Then the echocardiography technician adjusted the transducer of TTE in order to thoroughly confirm the position of the catheter tip. After confirming the position of catheter tip in the coronary venous sinus, the operator inserted the catheter into the coronary venous sinus for 3～4 mm farther. It was noted that if resistance was encountered by operator, the operation must be stopped, which was the same as x-ray fluroscopy as image guiding. TTE guiding His bundle elactric cahteter、high right atrium electric cahteter and right ventricular electric catheter in site: It is difficult using TTE singly since there are too many crossroads in inferior venous.

本研究结果显示，(1)单独应用TTE作为影像学引导进行冠状窦电极导管置放的成功率为93.8％～96.7％，并且应用TTE作为影像学引导放置专用冠状窦电极导管和普通电极导管的成功率和放置时间在统计学上无显著差异；(2)TTE作为影像学引导，除过度肥胖患者外，可完全替代X线引导进行冠状窦电极导管置放，包括鞘管和扩张管的放置、指引导丝在静脉而非动脉内的证实均可由TTE完成引导，且较X线C型臂有一定优越性；(3)TTE结合普通X线胃肠透视机作为影像学导引，可顺利完成心内电生理检查时导管的安全到位，而不需昂贵的X线C型臂，可将心内电生理检查扩大到广大的基层医院；(4)TTE较X线更易和更早期发现介入治疗的并发症如急性心包填塞等，对并发症的防治甚至挽救病人的生命至为重要；(5)动物实验研究表明，TEE可引导射频导管消融术时大头电极导管成功到位。

The results showed:(1) The histological changes of KC were in fact a wound-repair process;(2) The increased melanin in KC coordinated with "multi-overlapping screen" effect, a result of multiple layers of "supranuclear cap", was the direct cause of hyperpigmentation of the graft and (3) The hydrolytic disturbance of melanin in KC and the longer life span of the KC were probably the important reasons for the increase of melanin in the epidermis.

结果表明，角朊细胞的组织学改变实际上是一个损伤后修复的过程；角朊细胞内黑色素含量增加及出现的多层次的&核上帽&状分布而形成的&多重帘幕&效应，是皮片过度色素化的直接原因；黑色素在角朊细胞内的降解障碍及角朊细胞更新周期延长可能是表皮内黑色素含量增多的重要原因。

There was a significant inverse correlation between sarcomere length and A/I (r=-0.686, P.05). 4 Relations of the skeletal muscle histological characteristics and meat quality The muscle fibre and the myofibrils diameter were thinner, the muscle fiber density was denser, the sarcomere length was longer and the meat color was redder. The A/I was bigger, the meat color was whiter, contrarily was redder. The right amount of fat content may improve the meat brightness. The muscle fiber diameter and the myofibrils diameter were the biggest factors to influence the skeletal muscle shearing force, their assumed the obvious linear correlation. The muscle fiber density influence on the shearing force was only inferior to the muscle fiber and myofibrils diameter. Mensurate the IFA from tectology angle may reflect in intramuscular fat content. However intramuscular fat was not enough to carry weight on the shearing force, it may mostly affected on the smack, but not the tenderness expression.

猪骨骼肌组织学特性与肉质性状的关系肌纤维和肌原纤维直径越小、肌纤维密度越大、肌节长度越长，肉色鲜红；肌节中暗带比例越大，肉色偏白，而明带比例大，肉色偏红；适量的脂肪含量可以改善肉的亮度；肌纤维直径和肌原纤维直径对骨骼肌剪切力的贡献率最大，呈明显的线性相关，肌纤维密度对剪切力的贡献率仅次与肌纤维和肌原纤维直径；从组织形态学角度测定肌内脂肪面积比一定程度上可以反映肌肉内的脂肪含量，而肌内脂肪对肌肉剪切力的贡献率比较微弱，对肉食用品质的影响可能更多表现在改善肉的风味，而不是嫩度的表达。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷