内热

The simulative results showed that the total heating loads in solar house were 24.4 % less than those in the reference house of no auxiliary heat sources in the whole heating period in Shenyang when indoor air temperature was 18℃ in the houses with ideal auxiliary heat.The effects of operation,structures and performance parameter of the solar thermal storage wall were analyzed.

无内通风口式集热蓄热墙冬季空气间层是密闭的，发挥了重质墙体的蓄热作用和空气间层的热阻作用，依靠导热向室内传递热量；有内通风口式集热蓄热墙依靠空气间层与室内的对流换热和墙体的导热两种方式向室内传递热量。

The following points are emphasized:The operation models of adiabatic and diabatic distillation have been set up and the operation block, thermodynamics model and mathematical model in the simulation have been determined as well;(2)Based on the simulation and exergy analysis with Aspen Plus program, shortcut distillation design—DSTWU model and rigorous distillation design—RADFRAC model, the author has determined the heat duty, exergy losses and the distribution of exergy losses along the adiabatic column, which will help the simulation and optimization of the diabatic distillation;(3)Diabatic distillation under various operation conditions has been simulated by using energy balance method and exergy analysis;(4)How the different mixture and the various degree of separation, number of trays and feed location influence exergy saving in diabatic distillation have also been discussed;(5)On the basis of the total exergy losses along the column, different schema of the heat transfer distribution along the column have been compared and analyzed;they can be classified in three categories: heat duty equipartition approach, empirical approach, separation degree matching approach. In conclusion, different heat transfer distribution along the column will have effect on total exergy losses. In particular, most satisfactory results have been obtained by using separation degree matching approach. In order to diminish the exergy losses, heat transfer distribution should meet the needs of the request of separation degree.And on this premise, the author makes his suggestion in increasing the proportion of heat supplied to the tray with minimum exergy losses and decreasing the proportion of heat supplied to the tray with the maximum exergy losses.

本文对透热精馏过程进行了模拟并对其节能效果的影响因素做了较为全面的分析和深入的研究，主要研究内容如下：(1)建立了常规精馏和透热精馏过程的模拟操作模块、热力学模型以及数学模型；(2)利用化工模拟软件Aspen Plus并分别采用DSTWU简捷模型和RADFRAC严格计算模型对常规精馏进行模拟计算和有效能分析，确定常规精馏塔的公用工程热负荷、有效能损失及有效能损失在塔内的分布，为透热精馏的模拟和优化提供数据参考；(3)对不同物系在不同分离度条件下进行透热精馏的模拟，分别采用能量衡算法和有效能分析法进行计算和分析；(4)探讨了各种因素如物系的选择、不同分离度、塔板数、进料位置对透热精馏节能效果的影响；(5)以全塔总有效能损失为比较基准，对热量在塔内的三种分布方案即热负荷平均分配法、经验法和分离度匹配法进行了对比分析并得出结论：塔内热量的不同分布方案对于全塔总有效能损失会产生影响，其中以分离度匹配法的节能效果最为理想，为减少有效能的损失，应使塔内的热量分布满足各塔板的分离度要求，并在此前提下，尽量减小有效能损失大的塔板的热负荷和增加有效能损失小的塔板的热负荷。

The heat generation curves of seven rubber materials used in tires with the changes of temperature have been obtained by using Dynamic Mechanics Analysis technique on NETZSCH DMA242 instrument, knowing that the heat generation of every other rubber materials except inner liner rubber changes lightly alone with the temperature within 10℃～80℃. According to the Fourier law, the heat transfer coefficients of tire rubber are measured by stable method on self-made experiment instrument. The coefficients changes lineally within 20℃～80℃ and the relation formulas λ=λ〓+bt are given out attached with λ〓 and b. The specific heat of tire rubber are measured on Differential Scanning Calorimeter NETZSCH DSC204 and the relations with temperature are linear and the formula is c=c〓+bT, where c〓 and b gained from experiment result data are presented in the paper. The heat convection coefficients on the surface of rolling tire are measured according to the principle of heat-mass transfer analogy principle after simplifying rolling tire into rotating disk with straight movement on wind channel. The relation with rotation speed of disk is linear as h=5. 399+0.0258n and the relation with straight line speed of tire is linear too, h=

论文采用动态力学分析技术，使用NETZSCH DMA 242型实验仪，获得了轮胎用七种胶料的生热率随温度变化曲线，确知除内衬层胶以外，其它各种胶料在一般胎温范围内（10℃～80℃）的生热率随温度变化不大；轮胎胶料的导热系数根据傅立叶定律的基本原理，采用稳态法在自行搭建的实验台上进行测试，结果表明，材料的导热系数在20℃～80℃的温度范围内随温度呈线性变化，论文给出了各种材料导热系数的线性变化的关系式λ=λ〓+bt及其λ〓和b的值；轮胎胶料的比热运用差式扫描量热原理，在NETZSCH DSC204型DSC实验仪上进行测试，结果表明，胶料的比热随温度的变化呈线性变化，其关系可用c=c〓+bT表示，文中给出了根据实验数据拟合的c〓、b的值；对轮胎表面的对流换热系数的测定，本文先将滚动的轮胎简化为有直线运动的旋转圆盘，而后采用萘升华热质比拟技术，在风洞中测量了滚动轮胎表面的对流换热系数，结果表明，圆盘表面对流换热系数与转速呈线性关系，即h=5.399+0.0258n，轮胎表面对流换热系数与其直线运动的速度呈线性关系，即h=

In order to study the method and its capability of the borax ceramsite concrete as the layer of accumulation of heat of floor radiant heating,the borax ceramsite concrete was used to substitute for pisolite concrete as the layer of accumulation of heat in the floor radiant heating system during the construction of Lakeside Garden Buildings in Liaohua District.

目的研究硼泥陶粒混凝土作为低温热水地板辐射供暖系统蓄热层的作法及其性能。方法辽化湖畔花园小区住宅楼工程中，用硼泥陶粒混凝土代替豆石混凝土作低温热水地板辐射供暖系统蓄热层，取暖期内对试验工程进行温度监测实验。结果试验工程混凝土试块强度平均值为27.5 MPa，合格率为100%，厚度均在允许偏差内，合格率100%；外观鉴定混凝土表面无裂缝，并根据温度监测结果画出了取暖期内每天温度随时间变化的曲线图。结论用硼泥陶粒混凝土作低温热水地板辐射供暖系统的蓄热层，与用豆石混凝土相比，减轻了建筑物自重、减缓了传热速度、增强了房间的热稳定性

The swop of the status didn't affect their same positive image either their cool external but warm blood disposition.

兵与贼身份的对调并不影响他们殊途同归的正面形象及外冷内热的角色本质。

In this dissertation, at first, the history and present situation of the research related to overheating is reviewed, and then the research works are carried out in following aspects the calculation of radiative properties of coal combustion, the solution of radiative transfer equation in absorbing-scattering media, the analyses of combined heat transfer processes in flue side, the computation method of steam temperature deviation of superheaters and reheaters and the inversion method of their wall metallic temperature in furnace, the numerical simulation of gas-solid two-phase flow, combustion and heat transfer in furnace, the measurement of outlet steam temperature of superheaters and reheaters, engineering reformation of overheating and optimum design of superheaters and reheaters, etc.

本文在综述了与过热器和再热器超温问题有关的研究历史与现状的基础上，在煤粉燃烧产物辐射特性的计算、含散射问题的辐射传递方程的求解、过热器和再热器烟气侧对流与辐射复合换热及汽温偏差的计算和炉内金属壁温的反演、炉内气固两相流动、燃烧、传热过程的数值模拟、过热器再热器炉外出口汽温的测量、过热器再热器超温问题的工程改造及设备的优化设计等方面进行了研究。

A new simplified mathematical model has been established based on the balance of total energy with radiative heat transfer equation solved by discrete ordinates method.

采用数值模拟的方法，在进行合理简化后，建立总能量平衡基础上的炉内热过程数学模型，其中辐射传递方程的求解采用离散坐标法。

Heat dry mouth: reed rhizome *, mung beans all five money, plus a bowl of boiled to open, plus amount of crystal sugar, to eat bean soup reed rhizome, Japanese clothes twice, and continued for 3 days.

内热口干：芦根*、绿豆各5钱，加一碗水煮开、加适量冰糖、去芦根吃豆喝汤，日服二次，连服3天。

Refining grain behavior of the heat affected zone of E36 high strength low alloy steel was studied, when E36 steel was welded by three wires submerged arc welding with 110 kJ/cm large heat input .

大热输入焊接时，氧硫复合物诱导热影响区的晶内铁素体形核，并促进晶内铁素体的感生形核，晶内铁素体及其感生晶内铁素体使热影响区粗晶区的晶粒细化，确保焊接热影响区粗晶区的强度与韧性不降低。

Baby basal metabolism and metabolic strong than adults, easy to produce heat.

孩子基础代谢及新陈代谢比成人旺盛，易产生内热。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。