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In this paper,the drag-reducing surfactant solution flows in a fully developed turbulent channel flow have been analyzed experimentally using Phase Doppler Anemometry and thermocouples in order to study the temperature fluctuations and heat transfer characteristics on the drag-reducing and heat transfer reduction phenomena of the surfactant solution flows.

该文针对在水中添加阳离子表面活性剂产生的减阻作用同时降低传热性能的现象，应用相位多普勒激光测量系统和热电偶温度测量系统对二维流道内表面活性剂减阻流体热边界层内的湍流温度脉动以及传热特性进行了实验研究。

FASS(field amplified sample stacking) is a technique for oncolumn enrichment in capillary zone electrophoresis. The distribution of solute in column during injection can be divided into two parts: the stack zone in running buffer and the sample solution zone imported by electroosmosis.

直接柱头场效应进样是一种毛细管区带电泳柱内富集，其进样过程中样品在柱内的分布可分为两部分，即在运行缓冲溶液中的堆积区段和由电渗流引入的样品溶液区段。

The effect of switching modes on the entrancement,combustion and billet heating process in furnace were analyzed numerically,and the computational results were compared with production records and onsite measurement,which verified the practicability of this CFD system.

结果表明：采用分段同侧换向控制的HTAC加热炉能获得很好的流场和温度场分布，基本满足高质量的钢坯加热需要，但该炉在生产条件下的温度制度存在不合理之处，在今后设计和操作中应进一步优化和改进；全同侧换向控制的火焰布置方式不利于钢坯的均匀、快速加热；而采用交叉换向控制的火焰布置方式可以改善加热炉内的流场和温度分布，更有利于满足钢坯的加热工艺要求。

Different depth measurements were made using a point gauge while velocity measurements were taken using an acoustic doppler velocimeter over a grid defined throughout the junction region in physical model test. The water diversion and vortex precaution device of "∴"-type diversion walls was developed.

现通过实体模型试验，利用三维超声波流速仪量测不同水力条件下连接井内的流速分布，提出了在连接井内设置品字型墙均流防涡装置的新技术。

Experiments were done to contrast the heat tansfer enhancement and pressure loss caused by several single-pare vortex generators such as delta winglets,rectangular winglets,trapeze winglets,bevel-cut half-cylinder VG and bevel-cut half-elliptical column VG,which were installed in a rectangular tunnel respectively.

在雷诺数为4000～38000的紊流范围内对矩形风道内分别布置单排一对直角三角翼、矩形翼、梯形翼、斜截半圆柱体、斜截半椭圆柱体等涡流发生器的强化传热效果和压降特性进行了对比实验。

To reveal aft end internal flow feature of a solid rocket motor with submerged nozzle, a two dimension cold flow test model with rectangular channel was designed The cold gas simulation was based on geometric similarity and aerodynamic analogy Mean and fluctuating velocity field was measured using phase doppler particle analyzer It showed that the flow separates at upstream of the submerged nozzle and reattaches on the tip of the nozzle nose A relatively steady recirculation zone formed in...

为了揭示含潜入喷管的固体火箭发动机尾部流动特征，按照几何相近和气动相似原则设计了通道为矩形的二维冷流实验模型，利用相位多普勒粒子分析仪对燃烧室尾部气流的时均速度和湍流脉动速度进行了测量。实验结果表明气流在潜入喷管入口上游发生分离，再附点位于喷管前端部外侧，背壁空腔内形成一个较为稳定的回流区，流场的轴向和横向湍流强度都比较大

Taking water-jacket of 226B diesel engine as the practical objective, the calculation in void fraction and the velocity filed of the water jacket were made.

最后以226B 型发动机水腔为工程应用对象，计算出了水腔内的空泡份额分布和水腔内的流度分布情况。

It is available to carry out numerical simulation and fluid dynamic analysis further. Based on Frozen-Rotor Approach and Rotor-Stator Approach, the numerical simulation was carried out in the centrifugal pump and the numerical results showed that the flow in the impeller and volute of centrifugal pump is periodically unsteady. Due to the interaction between impeller and volute the flow is characterized by pressure fluctuations and it is the strongest at impeller outlet and at the vicinity of the tongue. The unsteady pressure fluctuations are also one of the most important reasons to induce vibration and noise. Secondly, the flow field of the volute is characteristic of the vortex flow, and the vortex flow presents very complicated developing process which is creating, increasing and dissipating every now and then. All these lead to very large flow loss in the volute.

采用Frozen-Rotor冻结转子模式和Rotor-Stator滑移界面模式系统开展了不同工况下离心泵内叶轮与蜗壳耦合的定常和非定常流动研究，结果表明由于叶轮与蜗壳的干扰蜗壳进口周向流动的不均匀性是非常强烈的，特别是叶轮与蜗舌间的相互干扰最为强烈，一直影响到叶轮进口和蜗壳扩散管出口的流场；在蜗壳内整个流动是以旋涡形式向出口推进的，并随着包角的变化旋涡表现出十分复杂的产生、发展和耗散的演化过程，导致蜗壳内较大的流动损失。

On the basis of this model, combined with potential flow for expressing burden flow, considered with gas-solid heat exchange and main chemical reaction in shaft furnace, Comprehensive two dimensions mathematics model of shaft furnace is set up for analyzing flow, heat and mass transfer in furnace.

并在此基础上，结合反应固相流动的势流模型，综合考虑气固传热和竖炉内的主要化学反应，建立了竖炉二维综合数学模型，对炉内流动、传热及传质过程进行了解析。

Traditional theory of chemical diffusion in solid states can not describe the relation of diffusion fluxes and diffusion-induced stresses because the research subject of the traditional theory is the diffusing atom or atomic flux, not the volume unit in the interdiffusion field.

传统固体化学扩散理论的研究对象是扩散的原子或原子流，并不关心互扩散区域内微观体积单元的变化，因此无法描述原子扩散流与应力之间的关系。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！