内流

The simulation results show that the rod baffles placed vertically and horizontally in the unit duct continuously shear and comminute the streamlines of the flow when the fluid crosses over the rod-baffles, change the fluid flow directions, and result in the disruption of the continuity and stability of the fluid. The disturbing flow can promote the fluid turbulent intensity and effectively enhance the heat transfer.

结果表明，纵横交错布置的折流杆在单元流道中不断分割和剪切流道内流体，其扰流作用促进了流体湍流，减薄了液体边界层，减小了对流换热热阻，因而有效地提高了流体的对流换热强度。

Numerical Simulation of Flow Field in Pulsating Fluidized Bed Under special entry conditions, the CFD is used to simulate the three-dimension fluidized bed with different oscillation intensity and frequency in order to research the effect of sound oscillation on flow field in the fluidized bed. The results indicate that the sound oscillation can make the distribution of the flow field more uniform and can promote the heat and mass transfer.

脉动流化床流场模拟在特定的入口条件下，应用计算流体力学技术对三维流化床在不同振动强度、不同频率扰动作用下的流场进行模拟，得到声波扰动对流化床流场分布的影响，结果表明声波振动可以使流化床内的流场分布更加均匀，促进热质传递。

It was important that the thixotropic agent,surface active agent and solid lubricating agent are added,the surface of magnetizable particles were suitable treated,at the same time,the stability and lubricating property of MRF were analyzed and discussed.

通过触变剂与表面活性剂复合使用，同时对磁性悬浮相表面进行适当的处理，并加入适当的固体润滑剂合成了一种稳定性和润滑性能良好的磁流变体材料，该磁流变体材料性能为：0η≤1000mPa.s，τ0.5T≥60kPa，半个月内无明显沉降，无板结，"四球机法"测量其润滑性能为磨斑直径。75mm，该类型磁流变液用于磁流变阻尼器200万次振动试验取得了理想的试验效果。

It was known that the mass transfer in the packed column was influenced by the "natural"flow. In this paper, the process of forming the"natural"flow was analyzed. By changing the geometric dimensions of the structured packing, the maldistribution of the"natural"flow could be decreased.

以往的研究表明，填料塔传质效率的下降与液体"自然流"的形成有关，本文通过研究液体的微观流动，对规整填料塔内"自然流"形成的原因进行了分析，指出了填料结构与"自然流"形成的内在关系，并提出了改变填料结构，以降低"自然流"不均匀分布的方法。

Theequivalence percolation resistance law is accurate enough to be used in productivitycalculation of horizontal well pattern.(3) Productivity of mixed well pattern of horizontalwell or multilateral horizontal well and vertical well is constructed and formulae are simpleenough to be used in the oilfield. The patterns include 5-spot pattern,7-spot pattern and9-spot pattern.(4) Productivity formula of united rectangular well pattern of horizontaland vertical wells is constructed. By this formula, the calculation results show that fora horizontal well length, there is a shape factor at which the productivity of the patternis biggest. So optimum method of the well pattern is proposed.(5) A new concept ofdimensionless length of horizontal well is advanced and the relationship of optimum shapefactor of the rectangular well pattern against dimensionless length of horizontal well ispresented. The influences of length of the horizontal well, area of the well pattern unitand the thickness of reservior are concerned.

利用该公式计算表明：当水平井长度一定时，存在一个最优井网形状，使得水平井的产能最大，在此基础上提出了水平井井网的优化方法；(5)提出了水平井无因次长度的概念，给出了联合井网最优井网形状因子与水平井无因次长度的关系式，并对水平井长度、油层厚度及井网面积对产能的影响进行了分析；(6)推导出了一无限水平井井排在XY 平面内势的解析解，为不同水平井整体开发井网或水平井和直井井网整体开发渗流理论的研究奠定了理论基础；(7)建立了交错式水平井与直井整体开发渗流理论，给出了拟三维条件下井网产能的精确解析解及该井网最优井网形状因子与水平井无因次长度的关系，并对产能的影响因素进行了分析；(8)建立了水平井与水平井正排列井网、交错排列井网条件下渗流理论及井网产能在拟三维条件下的精确解析解，给出了交错井网条件下最优井网形状因子与水平井无因次长度的关系，通过与正方形井网对比，说明优化井网可大幅度提高开采效果；(9)建立了分支水平井和直井面积井网水油两相非活塞驱替条件下渗流问题的解析解，给出了见水前后无因次产量与无因次时间的关系式以及见水时间等。

Once the sparger installed in the CMT, the fluid temperature above the sparger and the initial pressure of pressurizer are the key factor, which affect the condensation characteristic and temperature equilibrium time.

通过对不同初始条件下的CMT排水量进行了分析，发现CMT排水速度主要受CMT内的压力变化的影响：CMT无遮流板排水实验中所有排水量随时间的变化曲线都是单调递增的，且都有一个较为明显的拐点，在拐点后，斜率明显增大，说明排水速度增加显著；CMT加遮流板排水实验中排水量曲线的拐点不明显且出现时间较无遮流板排水实验要早，说明排水速度增加得较早；CMT加遮流板排水实验如果PRZ初始压力较大，通过改变CMT的初始温度，将会引起排水总量较大的变化；排水速度平衡时间受CMT压力平衡响应时间的影响，且较CMT压力平衡响应时间快。

Distribution of detailed flow parameters such as liquid velocity and stream function were measured by this method.

认为反应器上升段表观气速对液相水平速度和垂直速度均有影响，其中对液相垂直速度的影响更大：表观气速增大，液相最大垂直速度一般增大，但这一变化规律并不是单调的；PIV对折流区的观测反映了该区域流场在气相通入后的最初25 s内的变化历程，流场发展的快慢与进气口的气速有关，气速越大，流场发展得越快。

Results: Among 80 cases of ACST, 76 cases were successfully implemented LC, gallbladder puncture and decompression choledocholithotomy T-tube drainage were performed in 11 cases, choledocholithotomy T-tube drainage in 15 cases, common bile duct gall bladder fistula Toishi T-tube drainage in 14 cases, gallbladder removal choledocholithotomy T-tube drainage in 36 cases, operative time 15-120 min, bleeding 10-80 ml; 4 cases transitted laparotomy, 1 case of gallbladder and surrounding tissue adhesion serious, ampulla signs disappear, and the hepatoduodenal ligament ill-defined, 2 cases of gallbladder contraction deep within the liver, gallbladder triangle scar adhesions, and 1 case of duct stone impaction and severe adhesions; postoperative hospital stay was 8-11 d, all were well recovered; pathological diagnosis, acute cholecystitis in 41 cases （51.2％）, acute suppurative cholecystitis in 24 cases （30.0％）, acute gangrenous cholecystitis in 15 cases （18.8％）.

结果：重症急性胆囊炎80例，76例成功实施LC，其中，胆囊穿刺减压胆总管切开取石T管引流11例，胆总管切开取石T管引流15例，胆囊造瘘胆总管切开取石T管引流14例，胆囊切除胆总管切开取石T管引流36例，手术时间15～120 min，术中出血10～85 ml；4例中转开腹，其中，1例胆囊与周围组织粘连严重，壶腹部标志消失，与肝十二指肠韧带界限不清，2例胆囊萎缩深陷肝脏内，胆囊三角区瘢痕粘连，1例胆囊管结石嵌顿且严重粘连，术后住院时间8～11 d，术后恢复均良好，治愈出院；80例术后病理诊断，急性单纯性胆囊炎41例（51.2％），急性化脓性胆囊炎24例（30.0％），急性坏疽性胆囊炎15例（18.8％）。

Computational fluid dynamics methods were applied to obtain the static velocity distributions in the main stage channel of the valve with different structure parameters or different pressure and flow rate.

应用流场数值模拟技术，在不同结构参数、压力、流量等条件下，对先导式纯水溢流阀主阀流道内的流场流态进行动态仿真。

In this paper, a full flow model is given for calculating the average residence time of molten steel in non-symmetry multi-strand tundish to analyze flow pattern, the model is as follow:〓 The model can be used to calculate the volume fraction of the dead area、the piston flow and the mix flow, and is satisfactorily applied to the water model of three-strand tundish of Guangzhou Steel Works to analyze the data of the experiment.

本文认为在研究中间包内高温钢水的流动问题时，应该考虑钢水密度变化这个条件对钢水流动的影响，这样其结果更符合实际钢水流动规律。本文针对非对称多流中间包，提出了全流量模型计算多流中间包钢水平均停留时间：〓该模型也能够很好地计算多流中间包的死区、活塞流区、全混流区体积分数。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新