内旋转

The rotation angle of the cervical spine C1-C2 was used to evaluate the effect of the ...

实验结果表明，内固定后颈椎的旋转角度明显小于失稳时的旋转角度；内固定后模拟远期效果的疲劳加载后测试结果证实内固定的效果仍然是可靠的。

The rotation angle of the cervical spine C1-C2 was used to evaluate the effect of the fixation device.

实验结果表明，内固定后颈椎的旋转角度明显小于失稳时的旋转角度；内固定后模拟远期效果的疲劳加载后测试结果证实内固定的效果仍然是可靠的。

It solves the problem that the unitary contour presentation can not correctly extract face contour in a face image which suffers from scale, rotation etc. The definition of the internal and external energy function is provided. At the same time, the global matching algorithm and local matching algorithm is given. The experiment shows that this presentation and the accompanying matching algorithm can be used to extract the face contour very well. So the image segmentation can be implemented by using it.②By analyzing the recognition principle of PCA method, we can conclude that the face images coming from different surrounding consist of different face image space. This is the essential reason that makes the generality of PCA method worse. Also, we give a measurement means to measure the distance from different face image space, so we can analyze face image space more conveniently.③We also construct various scale models and rotation pose models to detect the scale and rotating angle of face image to be recognized. The experiment results show that the detecting precision is very high. So it is good for face image feature extraction and face image representation.④Similarly, we construct local feature models of face image and utilize them to detect the local feature of face image. At the same time, we put forward a novel face image local feature detection algorithm, locating step by step. The experiment results show that this method can accurately detect the location of local face feature in a image.⑤A novel face image presentation model, dual attribute graph , is put forward. Firstly, it utilizes attribute graph to present the face image, then exact the local principal component coefficient and Gabor transform coefficient of thc pixels which corresponds to the nodes of the graph as the attribute of the nodes. This representation fully makes use of the statistical characteristic of the local face feature and utilizes Gabor transform to present the topographical structure of face image. So DAG has more general property.⑥Based on the DAG presentation, we give a DAG matching function and matching algorithm. During the design of the function and algorithm, the noise factor, e. g., lighting, scale and rotation pose are considered and tried to be eliminated. So the algorithm can give more general property.⑦A general face image recognition system is implemented. The experiment show the system can get better recognition performance under the noise surrounding of lighting, scale and rotation pose.

本文在上述研究的基础上，取得了如下主要研究成果：①构造了一个通用的人脸轮廓模型表示，解决了由于人脸图象尺度、旋转等因素而使得仅用单一轮廓表示无法正确提取人脸轮廓的问题，并给出了模型内、外能函数的定义，同时给出了模型的全局与局部匹配算法，实验表明，使用这种表示形式以及匹配算法，能够较好地提取人脸图象的轮廓，可实际用于人脸图象的分割；②深入分析了PCA方法的识别机制，得出不同成象条件下的人脸图象构成不同的人脸图象空间的结论，同时指出这也是造成PCA方法通用性较差的本质原因，并给出了不同人脸空间距离的一种度量方法，使用该度量方法能够直观地对人脸图象空间进行分析；③构造了各种尺度模板、旋转姿势模板以用于探测待识人脸图象的尺度、旋转角度，实验结果表明，探测精确度很高，从而有利于人脸图象特征提取，以及图象的有效表示；④构造了人脸图象的各局部特征模板，用于人脸图象局部特征的探测；同时提出了一种新的人脸图象局部特征探测法---逐步求精定位法，实验结果表明，使用这种方法能够精确地得到人脸图象各局部特征的位置；⑤提出了一种新的人脸图象表示法---双属性图表示法；利用属性图来表示人脸图象，并提取图节点对应图象位置的局部主成分特征系数以及Gabor变换系数作为图节点的属性，这种表示方法充分利用了人脸图象的局部特征的统计特性，并且使用Gabor变换来反映人脸图象的拓扑结构，从而使得双属性图表示法具有较强的通用性；⑥在双属性图表示的基础上，给出双属性图匹配函数及匹配算法，在函数及算法设计过程中，考虑并解决了光照、尺度、旋转姿势变化等因素对人脸图象识别的影响，使得匹配算法具有较强的通用性；⑦设计并实现了一个通用的人脸图象识别系统，实验结果表明，该系统在图象光照、尺度、旋转姿势情况下，得到了较好的识别效果。

The plastic deformation induced due to cyclic rotation of principal stress axes alone can be in the same magnitude as that due to shear with fixed principal stress axes. 2 The volumetric strain due to shearing of cyclic rotation of principal stress axes is found to be composed of a reversible dilatancy component and an irreversible dilatancy component. The former is characterized by its reversibility and is independent of past shear history, the latter by its irreversibility increases with the increase of cycle number yet its increase rate decreases with its accumulation. 3 The obvious non-coaxiality between directions of the principal stresses and principal strain increments is found and its degree depends largely on the change of shear stress component. 4 The intermediate principal stress has considerable effects on the deformation behavior of sands in the condition of cyclic rotation of principal stress axes. The accumulation rate of the irreversible dilatancy component increases with the increase of the intermediate principal stress parameter.

具有初始各向异性的砂土在纯应力主轴循环旋转排水条件下的主要变形规律为：①纯应力主轴循环旋转可产生与应力主轴固定单调剪切处于同一数量级的塑性变形；②纯应力主轴循环旋转引起的剪切体变包含可逆性剪切体变分量和不可逆性剪切体变分量两部分，其中可逆性剪切体变分量在一周内可完全恢复，基本与应力历史无关；不可逆性剪切体变分量随循环周数的增加呈单调增加，且增加速率随其自身累积值的增大呈减小趋势；③应变增量主轴与应力主轴之间的非共轴现象显著，且在一周内具有分段性；④中主应力对应力主轴循环旋转条件下砂土的变形特性有重要影响，不可逆性剪切体变分量的累积速率随中主应力系数的增加而增加。

First of all, the physical properties of plastic projectile body influencing the motion of pro- jectile are analysed in this paper which depends on the test results.

本文以实验结果为依据，首先分析了塑料弹体影响弹丸膛内运动的物理性能，然后结合旋转弹丸的膛内运动特征，经过模拟试验，采用数学拟合法，初步建立旋转稳定弹塑料弹体工程设计计算的数学模型(包括结构尺寸设计计算、强度计算和内弹道计算)。

It takes a cylindrical NdFeB multipole permanent magnet composed of several neighboring tegular magnets magnetized anisotropically along radial direction as exterior actuator, and a magnet with the same structure embedded inside the robot body as the inner actuator. The robot screws forward inside pipe under the action between spiral rib on the exterior surface of robot body and fluid dynamic pressure when robot rotates by magnetic torque, which is generated by magneto-mechanical coupling from rotating exterior actuator to inner one.

它以相邻径向异向磁化瓦状多磁极圆筒形NdFeB永磁体为外驱动器，以机器人内嵌同结构的NdFeB永磁体为内驱动器，外驱动器旋转时产生旋转磁场，通过磁机耦合作用于内嵌驱动器形成机器人驱动力矩，在本体外表面螺纹与流体动压力的作用下，实现机器人在管道内的在线旋进。

The dynamo runs at rull speed to drive main shaft,then the main shaft makes the emulsifying wings in emulsification grove rotate,which absorbs the liquid in its brand groove into ring groove through guide vanes on upper and lower side s of the groove.The v

由电动机全速运转带动主轴，经主轴转动乳化框槽内之乳化翼片，使其将桶槽内之液体经框槽上、下两侧之导流叶片吸入环状框槽内，经以主轴为中心高速圆周旋转叶片；连续使乳化翼端刀面与乳化框间极小之间系高频率之强力切割剪断、粉碎，再借叶片高速离心旋转排挤，持续循环混合，以极短之时间即可完成均质乳化之处理。

Preparing rotary steel cage comprising one rotating frame, one steel cage and one driving mechanism; and 2. setting the rotary steel cage in the tail of haydite calcining rotary kiln and introducing hot tail gas through the cavity channel of the steel cage, rotating the steel cage, loading raw haydite pellet into the steel cage through the upper inlet for drying through contact with hot tail gas, and discharging the stoved haydite pellet through the lower outlet.

一种淤泥陶粒生产的预烘干工艺，其特征在于它包括如下步骤：1准备回转钢笼：回转钢笼由旋转架(1)、钢笼(2)、旋转驱动机构构成；2将回转钢笼置于陶粒煅烧回转窑的尾部，将回转窑通风所产生的热尾气由钢笼(2)低端口导入钢笼(2)的空腔通道中；启动回转钢笼的旋转驱动机，旋转驱动机驱动旋转架(1)旋转，带动钢笼(2)旋转；待预烘干的陶粒生料球从钢笼(2)的高端口进入钢笼(2)的空腔通道中，陶粒生料球在钢笼(2)的空腔通道内翻转时与由钢笼(2)低端口导入的热尾气充分接触，从而迅速烘干水分；烘干后的陶粒生料球从钢笼(2)低端口排出。

Firstly, saltating sand grains in various height layers mostly rotate clockwise; the rate of counterclockwise rotation changes from 16.7 to 33.3% for three different friction wind speed (u*= 0.67, 0.83, and 0.87 m/s). However, their mean rotational speeds were not significantly different, irrespective of whether the grains rotated clockwise or counterclockwise. The mean counterclockwise rotational speeds of sand grains for friction wind speed u*= 0.67, 0.83, and 0.87 m/s were 427, 519, and 604 rev/s, versus 429, 522, and 609 rev/s, respectively, in the clockwise direction.

首先，风沙流中各高度层内跃移沙粒旋转均以顺时针方向为主，逆时针方向旋转的沙粒数仅占总数的16.7-29.5%，但是无论逆时针还是顺时针旋转的沙粒，它们的平均旋转速度几乎没有差别(如u*＝0.67 m/s时，分别为427 rev/s和429 rev/s；u*＝0.83 m/s，分别为519 rev/s和522 rev/s；u*＝0.87 m/s，分别为604 rev/s和609 rev/s)；不同摩阻风速条件下各高度层内沙粒的旋转速度均服从Lorentzian分布。

The resulting vertical and horizontal slant angular displacement of bullet in half constraint region was presented during gun-firing, and the influence of rotor rotational speed and barrels clamp cone angle on initial ballistic dispersion were also discussed.

结果表明，半约束期内旋转离心力和身管组半锥夹角导致的科氏力对弹丸起始扰动有影响，同时弹丸偏角将随着身管转速的增加而线性增加，特别是高射速时，弹丸的偏角更大，这些可为转管武器的射击精度研究提供参考。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。