内径

Sharp-edged nozzle and flat-faced nozzle with different ratios of outside diameter to inside diameter are used in these experiments.

实验中采用了不同内径的尖锐稜边喷嘴及具有不同端面外径与内径比值的非尖锐稜边喷嘴。

The new recommendation presented for the use of second generation Microcuff with improved OD to ID ratio allows the selection of cuffed tracheal tubes with larger IDs than previously recommended for small children without increased need for tracheal tube exchange or increased incidence of post intubation stridor in these age groups .

这一新的推荐套囊导管，即使用改善外径和内径比的第二代微囊PETs，比以前推荐的管子用于较小的儿童时，可以选择更大内径的套囊气管导管而不会增加相同年龄组气管导管的更换率或增加插管后喘鸣的发生率。

The new recommendation presented for the use of second-generation Microcuff PETs with improved OD to ID ratio allows the selection of cuffed tracheal tubes with larger IDs than previously recommended for small children without increased need for tracheal tube exchange or increased incidence of post-intubation stridor in these age groups .

这一新的推荐套囊导管，即使用改善外径和内径比的第二代微囊PETs，比以前推荐的管子用于较小的儿童时，可以选择更大内径的套囊气管导管而不会增加相同年龄组气管导管的更换率或增加插管后喘鸣的发生率。

The inner radius of univalence for some particular domains such as triangles, regular polygons and angle sectors have been obtained. Part estimations of inner radius of univalence for ellipses and rectangles have also been obtained.

对三角形，正多边形，角形区域，双曲线围成的区域的单叶性内径已经得到了精确的数值，对于椭圆，矩形的单叶性内径也得到了部分估计。

In the first part,we give the inner radius of univalency for fan-shaped domains and for quadrilateral domains with vertexes on a circumference and sides forming the sequence abba .

在第一部分中，我们给出了扇形和四边为abba形式的圆内接四边形的单叶性内径，并给出了长方形区域单叶性内径的下界估计。

Methods: Randomly divided 80 cases with chronic cardia failure into two groups, regular therapy group and bisoprolol group with 40 cases per group. Regular anticardiac failure therapy, including cardiac and diuretic therapy, was employed to patients in regular therapy group; while the combined therapy of regular therapy and bisoprolol was employed to patients in bisoprolol group. Compared the heart rate, left ventricular diastolic dimension, left ventricular systole dimension, left ventricular ejection fraction before and after therapy and efficiency of both groups.

80例慢性心力衰竭患者随机分为两组，常规治疗组40例，采用强心、利尿等抗心力衰竭常规治疗，富马酸比索洛尔治疗组40例，在常规抗心力衰竭治疗的基础上加用富马酸比索洛尔治疗，对两组临床疗效及治疗前、后心率、左心室舒张末内径、左心室收缩末内径及左心室射血分数的变化进行比较。

Methods:Paticipants consisted of 32 simple VSD patients and 27 simple PDA patients excluded of any other diseases by physical examintation and electrocardiogram and x-ray. Patients were suggested echocardiography before and one week after the surgerys. Parameters such as Left ventricular ejection fraction、Fractional shortening、Left ventricular end-diastolic dimension、Left ventricular end-systolic dimension、Heart rate and Aortal velocity peak were measured.further more ,the Tei index which is originated from Pulse-wave Doppler and Tissue-Doppler Imaging were also calculated under ECG monitoring.

研究对象与方法：研究对象分别为排除其它心脏疾患的单纯动脉导管未闭患儿及单纯室间隔缺损患儿，手术治疗前后于心电监护下先行常规超声检查，获取心率、R-R间期、左室射血分数、主动脉峰值流速、左室收缩末期内径及左室舒张末期内径等值，并分别利用频谱多谱勒及组织多谱勒法测取患儿左室Tei指数(即PW-Tei及TDI-Tei)，多次测量并取其均值。

Methods 80 patients with chf were divided randomly into regular treatment group treated with diuretic+digoxin+acei, and bisoprolol treatment group treated with regular treatment plus bisoprolol. all the patients were followed up for twelve months and observed the changes of homodynamic, internal diameter of left ventricle, lvef and 6-minutes walk test.

80例慢性心力衰竭患者随机分为常规治疗组（利尿剂+地高辛+acei）和比索洛尔治疗组（在常规治疗基础上加用比索洛尔），疗程12个月，观察两组治疗前后血流动力学、心功能分级左心室射血分数、左心室内径及6min步行试验、左心室射血分数、左心室内径的变化。

The effects of microburner dimensions, heat conductivity and thickness of wall, external heat losses and wall roughness on com-bustion characteristics were studied.

模拟结果显示，燃烧器内径的变化、壁面导热系数、对流换热系数和壁面厚度的变化影响了热量在壁面内的传递和流体内径向温度的传递，使得燃料点燃和燃烧稳定性受到影响，甚至导致燃烧停止。

All patients underwent echocardiography and conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram examination,Parasternal short axis at papillary muscle level of left ventricular cross-section,Application of M-mode ultrasonography were measured end-diastolic ventricular septal diameter,End-diastolic left ventricular posterior wall diameter,The largest left ventricular end diastolic diameter and left ventricular end systolic diameter.

所有患者均行超声心动图和常规12导联心电图检查，在胸骨旁左室短轴乳头肌水平切面，应用M型超声分别测量室间隔舒张末期厚度、左室后壁舒张末期厚度、左室最大舒张末期内径和左室收缩末期内径。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。