内层

Convolvulus P. multiflorum P. cuspidatum have the exine stratification considered as typical of the dicots, endexine, foot layer, columellae and tectum.

结果表明：外壁结构分化成两个明显的层次，即外面的外壁外层以及内面的外壁内层，其外壁外层由覆盖层、柱状层和底层组成的。

Structure of maculae densa is observed around renal corpuscle, but no medullary loop is discovered.

肾小囊是肾小管的起始端，由内、外两层壁层构成，内层与肾小球的毛细血管紧贴，外层为单层扁平上皮细胞。

Thermal oxidation treatment can increase the surface hardness and elastic modulus significantly and reduce the E /H ratio of the TC4, which indicate the treatment can enhance the wear resistance of TC4 alloy. Long time treatment can increase the thickness of the oxide layer, but the outside layer is apt to desquamate during the scratching. The oxide layer closing to substrate has better bonding properties, but microcrack forms as a result of high stress loading, which lead the layer to flake off completely.

长时间的高温氧化可以增加氧化层的厚度，但在划擦过程中氧化层发生两次脱落，表明氧化层由外表层和次外层组成，外层结合力差，易发生一次脆性剥落，内层与基体的结合强度较高，但在较大载荷作用下会产生微裂纹，导致氧化层的二次剥落。

As an outerdressing, 5sheet nonabsorbent gauze is enough to prevent from environmental pollution, and it has an advantage over absorbent gauze. Absorbent gauze with 15 sheets is enough to protect burnwound. As an insidedressing, artificial biological dressing is favorable to maintain internal environment of histiocyte coming back to life, and it has little stickiness favorable to replacement of dressing on burnwound.

以非脱脂纱布作为外层敷料优于脱脂纱布，5层非脱脂纱布即可达到隔离外界污染的作用；以15层脱脂纱布作为包扎烧伤创面的敷料，可达到有效保护创面的作用；人造皮膜作为内层敷料，有利于维持创面组织细胞复苏的内环境；人造皮膜与创面的黏性较小，有利于敷料的更换。

The evolution process under the control of the multigeodynamic force system (including the boundary forces of Eurasia-Pacific-Indian three massive plates around Nansha block, effects of the deep mantle, relative soft layer-sliding planes within Nansha lithosphere block and the earth's rotational inertial force) can be briefly divided four stages: the late Cretaceous to the early Eocene stage of uprilfing-erosion and shear-extension caused by the oceanwards-eastwards withdrew of Pacific subduction zone and the delamination of proto-subducted slab after the stage of pre-Cretaceous pre-rifting active continentoceanic plate margin. In this stage, the Nansha transcrustal layering-block started to move southeastwards on the Nansha transcrustal layer-sliding plane, meanwhile, the Andu-Bisheng and Liyue-Banyue basement layering-block slid on their upper-crust layer-sliding planes, and Xibu accretion zone was formed. Successively, it entered the stage of the mid-Eocene to early Oligocene, when NW-SE sea-floor spreading occurred in the southwest subbasin owing to the slip-line field initiated by the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates, Zengmu foreland-basin started to develop in the same time. And in the stage of late Oligocene to early Miocene, near NS simple-shear extension and sea-floor spreading in the central subbasin of eastern South China Sea resulted from the south-southeastwards drawing-force of the mantle-flow. The crustal layering-blocks and the Miri accretion zone formed also in this stage.

南沙岩石圈新生代微板块及板内层块构造的动力演化过程，在多元动力等因素(如块体之外的欧-太-印三大板块运动边界力和地幔深部活动因素、块体内部软弱层滑面以及地球自转变化)控制下，大致经历了4个阶段的演化：从前晚白垩世的裂前活动陆-洋板块边缘阶段因太平洋俯冲带向东跃迁、原向NNW俯冲消亡的板片的拆沉、幔隆而进入晚白垩世-早始新世的隆升剥蚀、剪切伸展演化阶段，南沙超壳层块顺超壳层滑面祥东南运移、安渡-毕生与礼乐-半月基底层块沿上壳层滑面拆离，西布增生带形成；继而先后在中始新世-早渐新世期间受印-欧板块碰撞滑线场、地球自转加速影响出现西南海盆NW-SE向海底扩张和曾母前陆盆地的发育，和晚渐新世-早中新世期间南—东南向地幔流牵引造成的中央次海盆近NS向单剪伸展与海底扩张、壳体层块向南差异滑移、米里增生带形成；中中新世以来，印度-澳洲板块快速向北俯冲，构成今日南海格局。

UltrastructureAfter the formation of resting cyst in Urostyla grandis, the cyst wall is composed of three layers named from outside to inside: ectocyst, endocyst, and granular layer. Ciliary shaft and microtubule are absorbed by cortex , except for part of the kinetosome.

超微结构大尾柱虫在形成休眠细胞后，所特化出的包囊壁在形态学上可分为三层，从外向内依次是外层壁、内层壁和颗粒层，纤毛杆和微管结构都已被皮层吸收，仅残留部分毛基体。

The results show that formation of FeO*Cr2O3 induces wetting in reaction between the liquid ceramics and outer stainless steel pipe. The ceramics structure can be divided into three zones, i.e. pin microlite, columnar and dendritic zone.

试验结果表明：外层钢管与内衬陶瓷间因形成FeO*Cr2O3尖晶石相而产生反应润湿，陶瓷层由隐针状内层、柱状中间层和外层树枝晶组成。

Morphologically and biologically, the triple-layered rotavirus particles are composed of three protein capsids, outer capsid includes VP4 and VP7, the middle is VP6, and the core is composed of VP2. VP1, VP3 and the 11 segments of double-stranded genomic RNA.

完整的轮状病毒颗粒直径约70nm，为正二十面体结构，由三层蛋白壳包绕，外壳为VP4及VP7蛋白，VP6蛋白构成病毒第二层蛋白壳，最内层为核壳，由结构蛋白VP1、VP2、VP3组成，核壳内包含有11个分节段的病毒双链RNA基因片段。

At 800 and 900℃, Ti-45al-10Cr alloy formed a similar layered scale with Tial, consisting of an outer layer of TiO2, an intermediate al2O3 barrier and an inner layer of a mixture of al2O3 and TiO2, exhibited larger weight gains than Ti-50al due to the dopping effect of Cr.

结果表明，Ti－45Al－10Cr合金在800和900℃形成的氧化膜具有与TiAl合金同样的分层结构，外层为Ti02，内层为Ti02和al2O3的混合氧化物，在内外氧化层中间有一富Al2O3的中间层，但内氧化层中有大量Cr掺杂、其氧化增重比Ti-50al的大。

The oxide layer is predominantly TiO2, which contains a small amount of suboxides TiO and Ti2O3 between the outmost layer and metallic substrate. The XPS analysis confirms that Al2O3 is located mainly in the outer surface of the modified layers, in which vanadium and vanadium oxide are not detected.

结果表明：随着注入离子能量的增加， Ti6Al4V合金表面改性层的深度明显增加，改性层的外层由一定厚度的TiO2组成，外层与内层基体之间存在Ti2O3和TiO； Al元素在改性层的外层以氧化物形式存在，且该氧化物趋于表面生长；在表面改性层的外层未发现V及其氧化物。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐