内孢子

By the support of the present project, 3 articles have been published, 4 articles have been submitted to Grana and Acta Botanica Yunnanica etc and some papers is in preparing.

结果表明：蕨类植物孢子外壁和周壁来源于孢子囊内层绒毡层细胞；孢子表面纹饰有的种类由外壁形成，有的种类是由周壁形成；孢子纹饰是在四分孢子形成后迅速形成的，形成的时间很短并比较稳定。

The optimum pH is 8-10 for hypha growth and 7-9 for conidiospore germination; The hypha could not grow on the culture medium which nitrogen source comes from urea and asparagines, but it could grow fast and produce more conidiospore on the culture medium which carbon source comes from maltose, glucose and lactose, and nitro0gen source come from glycine, histidiane and peptone.

该菌在PH 4~12范围内均能生长、产生分生孢子并萌发，菌丝生长的最适pH 8~10。，孢子萌发的最适PH 7~9；该菌不能在以尿素和天门冬酰氨为氮源的培养基上生长，但以麦芽糖、葡萄糖、乳糖、淀粉、甘氨酸、组氨酸和蛋白陈为碳源和氮源时，菌丝生长快、产孢量大；光照处理对该菌菌丝生长、产孢和孢子萌发无显著影响。

The diseased leaf rate and the disease index were related closely to temperature, humidity and illumination etc. The study also showed that the conidium germinating of Pestalotiopsis versicolor started after inoculated for four hours and germinated well at pH5 to pH7. In addition, there was great appetency between the pathogen and the tea trees because the conidia germinated well on tea leaves rather than other habitats obviously.

在茶树叶面上，病原菌分生孢子萌发明显比非叶面条件下好，病原菌菌丝生长较快，说明此病原菌与茶树叶片有高度的亲和力和较强的适应茶树叶面微环境的能力；茶树轮斑病病原菌分生孢子在pH5~7范围内萌发及芽管伸长较好，pH过小或过大均不利于病原菌的分生孢子萌发和菌丝生长。

Following 72 h co-culture, desquamate, sporozoites, trophozoites, meronts, microgametocytes, macrogametocytes, zygote, thin-wall oocyst, and thick-wall oocyst appeared orderly. Between the 60th and 72th hour, many oocysts emerged. Inoculated by the C. parvum -infected cell culture supernatant at the 48th hour, the immunosuppressed mice became infected.

在感染后72 h内，隐孢子虫出现连续发育阶段，包括脱囊、子孢子、裂殖子、裂殖体、滋养体、配子体、合子、薄壁卵囊和厚壁卵囊，在60～72 h内形成卵囊；用感染48 h的细胞培养上清接种于免疫抑制小鼠， 10 d后有隐孢子虫卵囊排出。

The sporulated oocyst holds 2 sporocysts and each sporocyst contains 2 sporozoites,i.e.each oocyst contains a total of 4 sporozoites.

新排出的未孢子化卵囊培养后可观察到孢子化的卵囊，内含2个孢子囊，每个孢子囊内含有2个折光性较强的子孢子。

Microspore Ye as the feather, small sporophyll sac formed by the polymerization, each polymer capsules formed by four small sporangia, small spores with dual airbags, and airbag Pinaceae pollen is similar to large sporophyll from the central axis and arranged in Brachypodium feather composition, Each Yibing has a shell bucket, each bucket containing shell upright ovules 10-12 months.

小孢子叶枝为羽状，小孢子叶由聚合囊组成，每个聚合囊由4个小孢子囊组成，小孢子具双气囊，与松科植物花粉的气囊相似，大孢子叶由中轴及羽状排列的短柄组成，每一柄上有一个壳斗，每个壳斗内有10—12个直立的胚珠。

With American botanist cypress apply reach Halier, the really beautiful doctrine that British botanist breaths out Qin Song to be a delegate thinks the flower of angiosperm is come by evolution of ball of leaf of primitive gymnospermous bisexual spore, consequently tentative idea angiosperm is the Benneisu that in coming from gymnosperm, eradicates already iron eye, draft Su Tie especially , the bud on ball of its spore leaf piece evolve for perianth, sporule leaf evolves for stamen, big spore leaf evolves for pistil , axis of ball of its spore leaf shortens for rachis.

以美国植物学家柏施及哈利尔，英国植物学家哈钦松为代表的真花学说认为被子植物的花是由原始裸子植物两性孢子叶球演化而来，因而设想被子植物是来自裸子植物中早已灭绝的本内苏铁目，非凡是拟苏铁，其孢子叶球上的苞片演变为花被，小孢子叶演变为雄蕊，大孢子叶演变为雌蕊，其孢子叶球轴则缩短为花轴。

Microscopically, globular or ovoid cells, a number of round, ovoid shaped endospores could be observed. No hypha, ascus or blastic conidia was found upon cultivation on SDA. Based on the morphological characteristics, this isolate could be identified as Prototheca species.

结果 该菌在25℃、37℃均可生长，沙堡弱培养基、马铃薯培养基见光滑湿润的白色酵母样菌落，镜下圆形、椭圆形的孢子及裂殖成圆形或不规则形的内孢子，无菌丝、子囊、芽孢，根据形态学特征鉴定为无绿藻。

Study on disease resistance assessment of corn ear rot by F.moniliforme showed that the method of injection spore suspension into corn ear was the best inoculation method.This method is to be close to the natural condition, and the disease occures very sufficiently.The best inoculation time is milk stage.In this period, the disease occures very sufficiently and the data are statisticed very easily.The best inoculation concentration of spore suspension was 1×10~6 spores/mL,and the inoculation volume was 3mL/ear.

通过对串珠镰刀菌性穗腐病抗病性鉴定，结果表明：玉米穗腐病的接种方法以向苞叶内注射病菌孢子悬液的效果为好，这种接种方法接近自然，发病又比较充分；接种时期以乳熟期接种为最好，在这个时期接种，发病充分，易于数据统计分析；接种浓度以1×10~6个孢子／mL的孢子悬液为好；接种量为3mL孢子悬液／果穗。

This two species of Gloiopeltis could mature and release spores at illuminance 2 500~8 500 lx. For no nutrient addition to the stocking water the two species of Gloiopeltis could mature and release spores, while nutrient addition too high (80 mg·L-1 NaNO3 and 8 mg·L-1 KH2PO4) it was not good for the mature and spores release of this two species alga.

结果表明，在水温10~20℃培养条件下，海萝能成熟放散孢子；在水温12~24℃时，鹿角海萝能成熟放散孢子；在光照2 500~8 500 lx的范围内，2种海萝均能成熟放散孢子；培养海水中不添加营养盐对这2种海萝的成熟没有影响，培养液的浓度高达硝酸钠80 mg·L-1、磷酸二氢钾8 mg·L-1时反而不利于藻体的成熟及孢子放散附着。

It seems likely that Kraft will return with a better offer.

看起来卡夫要重新考虑一个更好的出价了。

But he'd rather burn off my feelers and watch me squirm.

可他却放任那个家伙对我为所欲为！