内力

Finite Element Method is used to calculate the maximum bending moment and axial force of lining and its deformation.

利用有限元法计算了考虑衬砌接头和不考虑衬砌接头两种情况下衬砌的内力和衬砌的变形。

And the key process is how to obtain the real bending moment of the retaining wall.

其中如何在基坑开挖过程中获得围护墙的实际弯矩，成为评判围护墙内力安全状态的关键[1]。

In engineering design, people usually concern about the numerical result of displacement and internal force, especially bending moment of structure.

在工程设计中，往往关注此类结构的侧移和内力大小，特别是弯矩数值。

The article finally through analyzing of the Zhejiang YiwuBinwang bridge temperature load, obtained the CFST arch bridge temperature stress rules with the temperature load which is including from top to bottom and from margin to core of arch-rib when the temperature value、 steel pipe wall thickness value and marking value of concrete change. The rule is that the axial force、 bending moment, as well as the shearing force elevates along with the change of temperature increases, so the control section stress which is linear relationship is. The article further proved the change of steel pipe wall thickness and marking value of concrete is not remarkable influence on temperature stress and internal force of arch ribs control section.

文章最后通过对浙江义乌宾王大桥温度荷载分析，得出了在由上至下和由周边向核心呈梯度变化的温度荷载作用下钢管混凝土拱桥结构应力随温度值、钢管壁厚值和混凝土标号值变化时的规律，即：轴力、弯矩以及剪力随着温度变化值增大而增大；钢管混凝土拱桥主拱肋的控制截面应力值亦随之增大，基本呈线性关系；并通过计算论证了拱肋各截面应力、内力值同钢管壁厚的变化、核心混凝土标号变化无关。

Internal forces and deformation of long span highway and railway cable stayed bridge in the ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state are calculated.

考虑几何非线性效应，计算大跨度公铁斜拉桥承载能力和正常使用极限状态下的结构变形和内力。

The cable sag effect, the beam-column effect and the large displacement effect are taken into account in the study. The results indicate that geometrical nonlinearity significantly influences the internal force of long span highway and railway cable stayed bridge, so the geometrical nonlinearity must be considered in design.

研究结果表明，几何非线性对大跨度公铁斜拉桥的内力影响比较显著，线性计算结果与非线性计算结果相比偏不安全，在公铁斜拉桥结构设计中，必须计入几何非线性的影响。

But when the earthquake actions are relatively large, the calculation of steel areas As and As' is often controlled by the design values of a group of forces which are obtained when the earthquake actions join in the combination.

但是当地震作用较大时，钢筋截面积As、As＇的计算往往是由一组有地震作用参与组合时的内力设计值

4A series of factor such as the difference about the centre of figure and the shear centre, curvature radius, central angle is discussed.

4对曲线梁中的剪、形心位置的差异以及曲率半径、圆心角、预应力大小、摩阻损失等内力影响因素进行了分析。

According to that characteristic and based on the differential equation of the deformed surface of the orthotropic plate, with one principal direction size fixed, changing another principal direction size linearly, maintaining elasticity coefficient the same as in the first principal direction and Poisson ratio equal to the geometric mean of two principal Poisson ratios, the original orthogonal plate is equivalent to an isotropic plate. Results obtained show that the deflections of the equivalent isotropic plate are the same as the deflections of the original orthotropic plate at the corresponding points, the forces of the correspondent points have simple relations.

根据这一特性、从正交各向异性板挠曲面的偏微分方程出发，保持一个主方向尺寸不变，另一主方向的尺寸做线性缩放，保持弹性模量与第一主方向相同，泊松比取2个主方向泊松比的几何平均值，将这类正交各向异性板等效为一块各向同性板；通过分析得到：各向同性板任意点的挠度就是原正交各向异性板对应点的挠度，各对应点内力之间存在简单的比例关系，该文的方法将为工程技术人员提供方便，同时可以更加直观的认识正交各向异性板的受力。

Semi-infinite model looks the foundation as a homogenous, continuous and elastic semi-infinite body, it can reflect the continuous deformation, especially suit to the close-grained thick terrene or rock slope which have good elastic property.

而且在以前的计算中，都没有考虑框架与坡面之间强大的摩擦力引起的框架梁内力变化。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。