内力

Proceeded for beam strength and stress; analysis and checking calculations are made of Traverse beam and surface plate.

将所推荐桥梁进行了全面的计算分析，利用横向分布系数确定活载分布，求得上部结构主梁的内力，从而确定主梁配筋，然后进行主梁强度和应力验算，并分析验算了横梁和桥面板。

Based on the differences between the design value and the survey of the bridge deck elevation in constructing the pre-stressed and so on working condition, the model parameters are identified by ANN, and the beam camber of different sections are given. The results demonstrated that the ANN is efficient and the theoretical results fit well with that of forecasting the beam camber in construction.In this thesis, aim to the beam axis shape be exactitude for design, the internal force of the beam be appeased by design request, the concept of modem cybernetics is applied, At the same time, the effecting parameter has collected. The paper build the ANN model in predicting the beam camber an construction and discuss indetail the extraction of inputting nodes information when quoting the fundamental principle of ANN model and introducing research process of the improved BNN. According to them, ANN is applied in the construction control of prestressed concrete continuous bridge. It is successful for used in the No. 4 bridge of Xiangfan bridge over-crossing Hanriver brideg. To predict the construction camber of by ANN method is useful and effective.

本文以大桥成桥线形满足设计要求和成桥内力控制在设计容许范围内为目的，运用现代控制理论的思想，引用神经网络基本原理，详细介绍BP神经网络的研究过程，从而建立预应力混凝土连续梁桥施工预拱度的神经网络模型，并详细讨论了模型的神经网络结点信息的提取，在工程实例的基础上进行了数值计武汉理工大学硕士学位论文算，数值表明，将神经网络应用于预应力混凝土连续梁桥施工控制，获得了满意的结果，在预应力混凝土连续梁桥施工控制技术研究方面，具有方便有效、精度高的优点，具有良好的应用前景。

With plain strain finite element method,the characteristic of double-row pile of excavation of foundation pit in soil clay is studied.

采用平面应变有限元方法研究了软粘土地基基坑开挖双排桩支护结构的性状，重点分析了桩土界面特性、前后排桩间距等因素对支护结构的内力和变形的影响。

Indoors model test employing similarity materials and mainly considering V-class surrounding rock is carried out respectively in respect of single track and double track so that the characteristics of ground pressure, structural stress of portal and internal force distribution in various case of slope and dead-weight stress field can be investigated. The main characteristics are as follows:l.

通过室内相似材料模型试验研究，模型试验围岩参数以Ⅴ级为主，分别从单线和双线出发，详细阐述了三种新型洞门型式在正交和斜交情况下，在不同地形坡度和自重应力场作用下围岩压力和洞门结构应力及结构内力分布特征。

Considering effect of pile group and non-linear deflection,the internal force and deflection calculated by this method agrees better with data from practice than that of model of hypothetic fixed point.

与假想嵌固点法计算结果比较可知，地基系数折减法考虑了桩的非线性变形与群桩效应，其内力与变形与工程实际更吻合。

Based on the classic mechanics beam theory,the internal forces and deformation of bird-nest-patterned grid structure with circular opening are analysed using the equivalent continuum mathematical method and the slope deflection method.

基于铁摩辛柯梁理论，采用连续化数学模型和角度位移法，对鸟巢形网架结构的内力和变形进行分析，提出了简化计算方法。

Based on the characteristics of staged-construction of foundation pit and the interaction of diaphragm walls-bracing-soil, a FEM method is provided in this paper to analyze the moment and deformation of the diaphragm walls in whole process of foundation construction, taking consideration of all the possible construction stages from the beginning of excavation to the end of foundation, and the influence of cap beam, pre-load of steel bracing, removal and change of bracing, and the corresponding computer program is composed.

本文首先基于杆系有限元计算原理、基坑工程分工况施工以及围护体、支撑、土体协同工作的特点，提出了一种基坑支护结构全过程内力及变形分析方法，编制了相应的计算程序。该法可考虑第一阶段挖土至±0.000结构楼层施工结束期间的所有工况，可考虑压顶梁对围护体变形的制约作用，以及钢支撑预加轴力、拆撑、换撑等因素的影响。

It is significant to analyze the temperature boundary condition of aqueducts accurately.

渡槽长期暴露在空气中，外界温度变化对结构内力影响巨大，甚至引起建筑物的破坏，因此准确分析渡槽的温度边界条件具有重大的意义。

The computational results indicate that internal force and deformation in the arch ribs and the crossbeams of the span on which automobile loads act are not affected notably whether automobile load act on the other spans.

计算结果表明，当桥梁某跨上布置有汽车荷载时，其余各桥跨是否布置有汽车荷载，对该桥跨竖拱拱肋及桥面系横梁内力、变形结果影响较小。

The results show that space finite analysis results are close to test ones, bottom chords suffer axial force and large in-plane bending, and the max stress is nearby each middle internode. The max stress of node crossbeams occurs in No.2 bottom flange, and that of internode crossbeams happens in ones lying in the middle of every internode. The concrete slab is in tension at the longitudinal direction, and also suffers bent at vertical loads. The degree of completely-composite model taking part in the combined actions is about 55%, while that of semi-composite model is 42%-43%. The combination of concrete slab and bottom chord increases the degree of floor system taking part in the combined actions, lightens the burden of bottom chord, and reduces out-of-plane bending of node crossbeams especially the ones near bridgehead. Stress and displacement of main truss can be evaluated by a equivalent plane rigid frame in preliminary design, and effective stiffness of bottom chords are composed of original ones and concrete slab, and the concentrated load from deck can be translated into uniform load.

研究结果表明：空间有限元分析结果与试验结果较吻合；下弦杆受到轴向拉力和较大的面内弯矩作用，各节间最大应力出现在节间中点附近；节点横梁最大应力发生在横梁2的下翼缘，节间横梁最大应力发生在位于端节间中部的小横梁上；混凝土板顺桥向整体受拉，并在竖向集中荷载作用下产生弯曲变形；全结合模型大部分节间内的桥面板参与主桁共同作用的程度为55%左右，半结合模型桥面板的参与程度为42%~43%；桥面板与下弦杆结合能够增加桥面板的参与程度，减轻下弦杆荷载，减少节点横梁尤其是靠近桥头横梁的面外弯曲；对桥梁进行初步设计时，主桁杆件的位移与内力可按照1个等效的平面刚架计算，下弦杆的等效刚度由原下弦杆截面和混凝土桥面板截面组合而成，桥面荷载可转化为均布荷载施加。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。