内分泌系统

As medical students move into their clerkship experiences, they are expected to reordertheir disease-focused learning and apply it to patients presenting with undiagnosedproblems--problems that often relate to several organ systems and the interaction of differentillnesses.

全书内容覆盖了实践中所接触的全部人体器官系统：正常人体、头颈耳鼻喉、心血管系统、呼吸系统、泌尿系统、消化系统、神经系统、内分泌和代谢系统以及风湿性疾病和皮肤病。

The results showed that LRK could significantly inhibit the mammary hyperplasia caused by estrin, reduce the content of serum 〓, raise P level, promote the production of DA in hypothalamus and mammary tissue, decrease the release of 5-HT, inhibit the secretion of serum PRL, reduce the sensitivity of mammary tissue to estrin and progestogen, prevent the expression of mammary tissue on PCNA, the effect was equal to triphenylamine oxide, obviously superior to the control group of Ru Zeng Ning.

通过实验研究，建立了具有肾虚肝郁证侯群的乳腺增生病理模型，利用免疫组化技术、图像分析系统、荧光分光光度法、放射免疫法等现代医学研究方法，从病理形态学、医用体视学、神经内分泌学、阴道细胞学等方面，观察了利乳康口服液对模型动物整体状态、乳腺组织病理形态、血清激素、神经递质以及卵巢功能的影响，结果表明利乳康口服液能明显抑制雌激素引起的乳腺组织增生，降低血清E〓含量，升高P水平，促进下丘脑及乳腺组织中DA的产生，减少5-HT释放，抑制血清PRL分泌，降低乳腺组织对雌、孕激素的敏感性，阻止乳腺组织PCNA的表达，其效应与三苯氧胺相当，明显优于乳增宁对照组；另外，利乳康口服液还能缓解模型动物肾虚肝郁证侯群，增加其体重，调节其整体状况，改善模型动物不规则动情周期，减轻其子宫及卵巢的病变，抑制子宫内膜的过度增长，调节卵巢功能，揭示了中药利乳康口服液对神经内分泌和卵巢功能的整体调控作用，以及对本病发生、发展的预防作用

They have close relationship as the former may provide new ideas and approaches for the later, while the later may be the simulation for the former and gives it helps in degradation products identification and mechanism explanation. It is necessary to choose a suitable system, which has high potential of treating EDs and close relationship to the natural environment, to combine the researches in the two aspects. Our group has been engaged in researches on the photochemical properties and application to water pollution control of different ferric species including Fe -OH complexes, Fe -polycarboxylate complexes, Ferric oxides and Fe -humic acid complexes. Fe -oxalate complexes system has higher efficiency than the other ferric species systems in photooxidation and degradation of organic compounds. This thesis is focused on the photodegradation of nine EDs estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), 17α-ethynyl estradiol (EE2), diethylstilbestrol , bisphenol-A , 4-Nonylphenol , 4-Octylphenol , di-n-butyl phthalate , and di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate .

因此从处理效率和环境化学意义两方面考虑，结合本课题组在不同铁形态（包括Fe-OH配合物、Fe-多羧酸配合物、Fe氧化物、Fe-腐殖酸配合物等）的光化学特性及其在水污染控制中的应用方面较系统的研究工作基础，本论文选择了四类共9种典型的内分泌干扰物（雌二醇（E2）、雌酮（E1）、17α-乙炔基雌二醇（EE2）己雌酚、双酚A、壬基酚、辛基酚、酞酸二丁酯和酞酸二乙基己基酯），研究了它们在Fe-草酸盐配合物体系中的光降解效果，推测其降解机理，探索环境内分泌干扰物光氧化处理的新体系，同时为预测其在环境中的光降解行为提供了依据。

Objective To study the dynamic correlations between thyroid and gonad functions during kidney-yang deficiency with radial basis function neural network.

现代研究表明肾阳虚证与神经、内分泌、免疫系统的功能改变密切相关，是多系统和器官功能的综合表现[1]。

RESULTS:After pinealectomized mice was irradiated WBI with 75 mGy X-rays,we found levels of plasma corticosterone increased obviously,and the effects of the proliferative reaction of splenocytes to ConA and spontaneous proliferation of thymocytes was found to be decrease. But injecting melatonin into pinealectomized mice or putting melatonin in the cultured cell,its immune functions might renew the enhancement.CONCLUSION:Melatonin of pineal gland might regulate the immunoenhancement induced by low dose radiation.MeSH Pineal body; Melatonin; Radiation; Corticosterone; Immunity,cellular

低剂量辐射(low dose radiation，LDR)全身照射(whole body irradiation，WBI)可引起免疫系统的兴奋效应，主要表现在以T淋巴细胞功能激活为主的细胞免疫和体液免疫功能的增强并可提高机体的抗瘤作用［4，5］，在LDR诱发免疫功能增强的同时伴有下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质系统功能下调等神经内分泌功能的改变，神经内分泌对免疫系统的调节可能是LDR免疫兴奋效应发生的必要条件，松果腺MLT与辐射免疫兴奋效应的关系值得研究。

Polycystic ovary syndrome , one of the most common endocrine diseases affecting women of reproductive age, plays an important role in anovulatory infertility, with a prevalence of up to 5%~21%; The main clinical manifestations include irregular menstruation (amenorrhea or infrequent menstruation or dysfunctional uterine bleeding), infertility, hirsutism, obesity and acanthosis nigricans. Elevated serum LH levels and hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance with compensatory hyperinsulinemia are its endocrinological features. Polycystic ovary morphology is also a common feature in PCOS. With the advance researches, PCOS displays its complexity and essential trend.

多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome，简称PCOS)是育龄期妇女最常见的内分泌紊乱性疾病之一，在不排卵性不孕中占主要地位，发病率约5%～21%；主要表现为月经异常、不孕、多毛、肥胖及黑棘皮征，以高雄激素血症、促性腺激素异常、高胰岛素血症及胰岛素抵抗等内分泌学特征，以双侧卵巢增大呈囊性改变并间质增生为病理形态学基础的多系统疾病。

MOF was sequentially found in the digestivetract,central nervous system,kidneys,coagulatory andfibrolytic system,heart,endocrine and metabolism,andlungs;Mortality was sequentially due to the failure of thelungs...

各器官衰竭的发生率序次是消化道、中枢神经系统、肾、凝血和纤溶系统、心、内分泌及代谢、肺；病死率序次是肺、肾、中枢神经系统、凝血和纤溶系统、内分泌及代谢、心脏和消化道（P＜0.05）。

There are four categories of paraneoplastic syndromes - hematological, neurological, mucocutaneous, and endocrine/metabolic.

副肿瘤综合征累及四个系统，造血系统，神经系统，粘膜皮肤和内分泌和代谢系统。

This study mainly investigated the effect of maternal undernutrition during late pregnancy on the levels of hormones which take the somatotropic axis as the center in ewes, the expression of partil hormones'mRNA and the gene localization in tissue cells on the basis of animal nutrition, endocrine physiology and by modern molecular biology technique. The experiments explored the mechanism of restriction and compensatory in order to pave the way for applying compensatory growth for animal husbandry scientifically.

本研究依据内分泌生理学和动物营养学理论，应用现代分子生物学技术系统研究了限饲及补偿生长对母羊生长轴激素基因表达水平的影响以及部分激素在母羊组织细胞中基因表达定位规律，进一步探究了绵羊补偿生长与内分泌生长轴的关系，为更科学地将动物的补偿生长能力应用于畜牧业生产上奠定理论基础。

objective to observe the protective effect of qiliqiangxin capsule in rabbit heart ventricle reconstitution of chronic heart failure.methods using the method of giving rabbit abdomen aorta half ligations to build the chronic heart failure model to observe qiliqiangxin capsule the effect to blood flow mechanics index,room wall thickness,heart exponent and heart ventricle reconstitution biochemistry index.results qiliqiangxin capsule could reduce effectively bp,lvsp,lvedp,t wave,improve room wall thickness and heart exponent,reduce angii and alt,all the paramenters ahd notable difference,composed to those of model group (p＜0.05,p＜0.01).conclusion qiliqiangxin capsule can improve the blood flow mechanics change of chronic heart failure rabbit,which has notable inhibitory action on heart ventricle reconstitution which originate from chronic heart failure.inhibition of ang ii,alt of immune nerve endocrine system may be a mechanism of qiliqiangxin capsule.

观察血流动力学、标志心室重构的室壁厚度及心脏指数及肾素―血管紧张素―醛固酮系统相关生化指标的变化。结果芪苈强心胶囊可有效降低血压、左室压、左室末期舒张压、t波，改善室壁厚度和心脏指数，降低血清血管紧张素ii及醛固酮水平，与模型组比较均有显著性差异(p＜0.05，p＜0.01)。结论芪苈强心胶囊可改善慢性心力衰竭兔血流动力学的变化，对慢性心力衰竭引起的心室重构具有显著抑制作用，其机制可能与该药发挥抑制神经内分泌免疫系统rass中angii、ald的水平有关。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！