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In order to study the intake air flow characteristics in four-valve diesel engines, in this dissertation hot-wire anemometer and PIV twodimension instantaneous measuring technique are used. Extensive experimental study on two intake valve exit flow fields and longitudinal section flow field in cylinder are performed for different type of diesel engines. Great researching progress have been made on the interaction between two intake ports, and the formation process of in-cylinder swirl and flow field structure of cross and longitudinal section for four valve diesel engines. These results are presented in China for the first time and without such kind of research work reported abroad as detailed and deepgoing as this dissertation. The author designs and makes a set of hot wire measuring velocity device to measure the velocity distribution around the intake valve annulus and the cross section flow field in cylinder.

为了研究四气门柴油机进气过程中气体流动的变化规律，本文利用热线测速和PIV二维瞬态测速技术，对四气门柴油机两进气门出口全圆周流速场和缸内横、纵剖面的气体流动流场进行了大量的试验研究，在四气门柴油机两进气道之间相互影响的变化规律，缸内涡流的形成过程及缸内横、纵剖面流场结构等方面取得了重大的研究进展，这一研究工作在国内尚属首次，在国外也未见有如此全面、深入的研究报道。

In different melting processes and equipment, which applies to paragraph A size with the flow of hot metal steel by carbon and completed post-furnace carbon; B above apply to normal size electric induction furnace by Carbon; C segment size can be applied only in cupola melting furnace by carbon.

于不同的熔炼工艺和设备，其中 A粒度段适用于炉前铁水随流增碳和炉内后期补碳； B粒度段适用于正常感应电炉炉内增碳； C粒度段仅可以适用于冲天炉炉内熔炼增碳。3.12 由客户直接提出粒度规格要求，或与春秋铸材技术人员联系。

Based on the relations among the stress, final wall-thickness of thin-walled tube and the characteristics of tube material, original size, curling radius along with friction condition in a axially-compressed internal inversion process on right-angled fillet die, some analytical discriminants were established for judging if a double-layered tubular piece of aluminum alloy could be steadily formed from a certain-sized round tube via internal inversion process without interference and plastic instability of tube wall, and a method was put forward for determining the maximum and minimum usable curling radius or die fillet-radius for thin-walled tubes in the process.

基于薄壁管直角圆角模轴压内翻过程中各处应力及最终壁厚与管材特性、管坯尺寸、卷曲半径及摩擦条件之间的关系，推出了判别任一铝合金双层管件可否由特定尺寸圆管稳定内翻成形而不出现管壁干涉与塑性失稳问题的解析判别式，指出了确定薄壁管圆角模内翻卷曲半径或模具圆角半径极限值的方法。

In the first stage, when environment temperature arrived to 37.5℃, Ta of A and B dairy barn was 35.5 and 36.7℃, respectively. And at the same time Tr was higher than 39.5℃. Specially, the high yield dairy in A barn raised to 41 ℃ at 22:00 and RR was 90/min, the RR of low yield dairy was 65/min at this time. mTs was 37.6℃ at 15:00. In the third stage, Ta of the barn was higher than outside when outside Ta was lower than 27.6℃. When the ambient temperature was lower than 28℃, the Tr of low yield dairy was between 38.5 and 39℃; if the Ta was down to 24℃, Tr of high yield dairy was lower than 39℃.

第一阶段，舍外Ta平均达37.5℃时，A、B舍内Ta分别为35.5和36.7℃，此时Tr达到39.5℃以上，尤以A舍内高产奶牛22：00最高，平均达41℃；第一阶段平均RR在65次/min以上，高产奶牛在22：00、低产奶牛在15：00最高，分别为94和95.9次/min；平均mTs高产奶牛在15：00高达37.6℃；第三阶段，舍外平均Ta在15：00最高为27.6℃时，此阶段舍内Ta均高于舍外。

So, the proportion coefficient in the damping region is changed from constant to variable. Setting the damping region as the same thickness, the transition region is located in the damping region. In the transition region, the proportion coefficient increases and reaches a constant in the end.

为此，对Sarma吸收边界条件进行了改进，将衰减层内所采用的恒定比例系数改为变比例系数，即在衰减层厚度相等的条件下，在衰减层内设置一个过渡带，在过渡带比例系数由小变大，在衰减层内比例系数取恒定值。

The hull body fractured and broken at about 1/3 of the length from the stem and in way, the shell plating, upper deck plating, inner bottom plating and internal structural members within the scope of about 10m torn or destroyed; the remaining shell plating, upper deck plating, inner bottom plating and internal structural members seriously indented and buckled or bent and deformed in different degrees.

船体从船首起约 1/3 处折裂破断，该处船壳板，上甲板，内底板，内部构件在约 10 米范围内撕裂或损毁；其余船壳板，上甲板，内底板，内部构件严重凹陷，皱折或不同程度上弯曲变形。

Benchmark prices in高价房rapidly improve at the same time,高价房structure is changing fast: 9000 yuan / sq m of real estate continued to decrease in price of room高价房with the gap gradually opened, 9000 -10000 yuan / square meter to gradually increase the proportion of高价房, Link has become the region with the main properties for sale, may fail to get too long, within the inner ring will be the elimination of 9,000 / sq m of real estate; 15,000 yuan / square meter demand volume has increased year by year to illustrate the market's acceptance of ultra-高价房enhance customer requirements change.

基准价格高价房迅速改善的同时，高价房的结构正在迅速发生变化： 9000元/平方米，房地产继续减少在房价之内高价房的差距逐渐开放， 9000 -10000元/平方米，以逐步提高比例的高价房，链接已成为区域内的主要性能出售，可能过不了太久，内环内将消除9000 /平方米的房地产； 1.50万元/平方米的需求数量逐年增加，说明市场的接受超高价房提高客户的需求变化。

It is also possible to predict both the frequency and amplitude of pressure fluctuation at the inlet and outlet of all parts of turbine, as well as the phenomenon of rolling vortex in the draft tube.

从而得出水轮机各部件内的瞬时流态和随时间的变化过程，预测了水轮机各部件内压力脉动的频率和幅值，并显示尾水管内的旋转涡带现象。

The shaft drainage scheme during the construction period of main shaft in the gold mine of Shandong Jinlai mining Co Was summarized The stand by drainage system was installed in the shaft with more economic method,and the flooding of the shaft caused by abrupt inrush of water was thus prevente

对山东金莱矿业公司金矿主井建井期内井筒排水方案进行了总结，解决了建井期内如何以较经济的方法在立井内设置备用排水系统，以防突发涌水造成淹井事故的问

Employing the method of complex helical drill point design,the formula of the clearance angle of inner cut edge for the socket drill is derived and the relationship between the clearance angle and the slantwise angle of the inner cut edge is deduced to innovate the design and manufacture of the socket drill.

通过复杂螺旋面钻尖设计方法导出锪窝钻钻尖内刃后角公式及内刃后角与内刃偏角的关系表达式，改进了锪窝钻的设计与制造。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。