养老

Young peasants are mothball momentum about the sustaining development of rural endowment insurance .

青年农民是农村社会养老保险持续发展的后备动力，其养老意愿决定投保行为，而现在的投保行为又影响将来农村社会养老保险的发展。

This paper discusses the rural old-age pension protection, including family pension and social security protection.

本文中研究的农村养老保障包括家庭养老保障和社会养老保障。

On the basis of learning from the experience of old-age pension in western countries, we proposed and implemented a new way of old-age pension, which is aging at home.

在借鉴西方国家养老经验的基础上，我国提出并推行了一种新的养老方式--居家养老。

The main character of the operational mode is that pension found is managed by the pension found administrators which maximize the investment income by competition.

这种管理模式一个重要的特征就是通过养老保险基金管理公司来管理养老保险基金，而养老保险基金管理公司通过市场竞争促使投保者的养老金投资收益率最大化。

Among them, the chapter 2 reviews the historical development process of the old age insurance system ; conclude the immanent mechanism, operational structure, adjustment path and orientation and reformational measures.

其中，第二章，在追溯全球养老保险制度的历史演变进程的基础上，归纳了不同养老制度安排的内在机理，养老保险制度的发展路径、方向以及已有的改革措施、方式。

The urban state basic pension scheme relation to too many persons, right and responsibility in which is not explicit. These two reasons with some other historic and practical restrictiveness confine legislation of urban state basic pension scheme in China. Present rules couldnt adapt economic development in China.

由于城镇基本养老保险法律制度涉及的主体宽泛，权利和义务还不是很明晰，同时由于历史的和现实的多重因素作用，导致我国城镇基本养老保险立法工作严重滞后，城镇基本养老保险制度的建设不能适应我国新时期经济社会发展的需要。

It suggests that Shanghai should major in "home- and community-based care for the aged " while minoring in "institution-based care".

文章从上海老年住宅开发建设的必要性、老年住宅室内设计要贯彻&四性&原则及户外环境设计要点方面进行了阐述，指出上海应大力发展&居家式社区养老为主，机构养老为辅&的养老模式。

Literary grace this with between real example and normal analytical method that combine together, through study to system of reform, basic old-age pension system of Chile, try hard to make objective appraisal on the Chilean the pension system reform and Chiles new basic old-age pension system, and summarize its relevant experience on this basis, for the reform of the basic old-age pension system of our country with building and offering some helpful guidance and reference.

基于上述考虑，本文采用实证与规范相结合的分析方法，对智利养老保险制度改革进行了系统的研究，力图对智利养老保险制度改革及改革后所建立的新制度作出客观的评价，并在此基础上总结智利改革的相关经验，以期望能够为我国养老保险制度的改革与建设提供一些有意义的启示。

I take the participants as the objective ,such as the government, enterprises and insurants , and want to explain the unfair in Basic Endowment Insurance from two facet ,which one is burden fair and the other is income fair .I focus most of my energy on the income fair . Especially in the gap between different industries .and I insist on the promotion about the improvement of womens retired age, although there are so many disputation on it.

就代内养老金差距的解决方案，尽管目前还存在相当大的争议，但笔者仍坚持并提出提高女性退休年龄，促进基本养老保险公平的论点，并参考相关统计年鉴和一些专家的精算思想，在论文的第三部分的解决方案中对提高女性退休年龄对基本养老保险基金的影响，对女性增加收入的影响等两个方面进行了精算，并对精算结果进行了分析，从而进一步证明了提高女性退休年龄可以促进基本养老保险公平的论点。

According to the true situation of our countryside and pointing to the prominent problems for the existance of the system of social old - age insurance in our countryside. It is very important and eager to explore and research much about the necessity, thread and counter measure of setting up well the system of social old - age insurance in our countryside.

而农村社会养老保险则是其中的关键内容之一，它是国家为了解除农民养老之优而建立的保障全体农民老年基本生活的制度，是推进我国农村经济和社会协调发展、从根本上解决我国&三农&问第19卷第4期2X拓年12月曹应梅等：我国农村社会养老保险制度研究题，保持农村社会稳定的一项重要的基本社会政策。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。