具鳞片的叶

Winter buds with many imbricate scales; branches and leaves arising from lower part of buds.

冬芽具很多覆瓦状的鳞片；芽的分枝和叶生于下半部分。

Shrubs or small trees, evergreen; new foliage shoots arising from subterminal buds and from axils of leaves; young shoots not scaly, glabrous or pubescent and glandular-setose.

灌木或小乔木，常绿；新的叶枝生于近顶生芽和叶的腋；幼枝无鳞片，无毛或被短柔毛和具腺。

Leaf secondary veins 7-10 on each side of midvein; branches of 2nd- or 3rd-year growth with grayish lamelliform waxy scalelike trichomes

叶次脉7-10在中脉两边各； 2或3 年发展具浅灰色的薄片形的腊制的鳞片状的毛状体的分枝 22 Lithocarpus cleistocarpus 包槲柯

Trees evergreen; trunk monopodial, straight; branches nearly whorled; branchlets ridged and grooved, with each leaf borne on a persistent, peglike base; short branchlets absent; winter buds ovoid, conical, or subglobose, resinous or not, scales on terminal buds recurved or not, persistent at base of branchlets.

常绿乔木树干单轴分枝，直；分枝差不多轮生；小枝具脊和凹槽，有每叶生于一持久，钉状基础；短小枝无；卵球形，圆锥状的冬芽，或近球形，与否树脂，由顶芽开出的鳞片与否，宿存在基部的小枝。

Flowers opening before or at same time as leaves, pedicellate, with persistent scales or conspicuous bracts.

开阔的的花在或在相同时间作为叶，有花梗，具宿存鳞片或明显苞片之前。

Leaves opposite, semiterete and fleshy, subulate, scale-like, or obscure, bases united, apex obtuse or acute, sometimes with an acicular awn; leaf axil usually cottony.

叶对生，半圆柱形和肉质，钻形，鳞片状，或不明显，基部合生，先端钝或锐尖，有时具针状芒；通常的叶腋棉状毛。

Young branches, young leaves, and inflorescences with rust-colored stellate scales or simple hairs.

乔木；幼枝，幼叶和花序具锈色的星状鳞片或单的毛。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。