具鳞

A small shoot which often over winters, as in some species of epilobium.

具鳞根出条 Turion 常能越冬的小枝条，如柳叶菜属的某些种。

Plants forming soboles, stolons, or rosettes, but not fleshy turions; stem bases with rather loose,± herbaceous scales, or scales absent

植株形成根出条，匍匐茎，或莲座丛，但不是肉质的具鳞根出条；相当松散的茎基部具，多少草质鳞片，无的或鳞片 31

Plants strigillose, villous, and/or glandular pubescent, but not tomentose; plants forming stolons or turions, not leafy rosettes; petals 4-8 mm except to 15 mm in E.

植株具短糙伏毛，具长柔毛和/或腺状短柔毛，但不是被绒毛；植株形成匍匐茎或具鳞根出条，并非多叶的莲座丛；花瓣4-8毫米反对15！

Herbs perennial, suberect, often clumped, with fleshy turions that leave brown leathery basal scales. Stems 7-25 cm tall, simple or sparsely branched, strigillose throughout, lacking raised decurrent lines.

多年生草本，近直立，叶棕色革质基生鳞片的通常丛生，具肉质具鳞根出条的。7-25厘米高的茎，单或疏生枝，全部具短糙伏毛，缺乏凸起下延线。

Plants forming fleshy turions at or below ground level; stem bases with thick, brown, leathery scales

植株等于或低于地面形成肉质的具鳞根出条；茎基部具厚，棕色，革质的鳞片 27

Plants with basal rosettes, turions, or stolons, not basal shoots, rarely clumped; stems often with persistent basal scales

植株具基生莲座丛，具鳞根出条，或匍匐茎，并非基部的嫩枝，很少丛生；茎通常具宿存的基部的鳞片 13

Plants forming fleshy turions, leaving dense leathery basal scales; fruiting pedicels 5-10 mm; plants 7-25 cm tall; Taiwan.

植株形成肉质的具鳞根出条，留下紧密的革质的基部的鳞片；果梗5-10毫米；植株7-25厘米高；台湾。

Leaves ovate or broadly oblong to lanceolate, sharply serrulate; stolons without terminal turions; fruiting pedicels 0.7-1.5 cm; seed comas reddish.

叶子卵形或宽长圆形到披针形，锐；没有顶生的具鳞根出条的匍匐茎；果梗0.7-1.5厘米；种子种缨带红色。

Leaves sublinear to narrowly lanceolate, subentire to obscurely denticulate; stolons with fleshy terminal turions; fruiting pedicels 1-5 cm; seed comas dingy white.

叶近线形到狭披针形，对具不明显小齿近全缘；匍匐茎具肉质的顶生的具鳞根出条；果梗1-5厘米；种子种缨昏暗白色。

Inflorescence terminal, 1–11-flowered; pedicels scaly, usually setose; calyx (1–)2–15 mm, usually 5-lobed, sometimes reduced to undulate rim, scaly, margin mostly ciliate or setose; corolla broadly campanulate or rotate to saucer-shaped, usually yellow, rarely greenish, white or reddish, sometimes spotted, outer surface scaly, sometimes sparsely pubescent; stamens 10; ovary 5(or 6)-celled; style short, thick, sharply bent, usually scaly at base.

花序顶生，1-11花；花梗有鳞，通常具刚毛；花萼(1-)2-15毫米，通常5浅裂，有时波状的退化至凸缘，有鳞，多数边缘具缘毛或具刚毛的；花冠宽钟状或辐状到茶托状，通常黄的，带红色的带绿色，白色或带红色的，斑点，有鳞的外表面，有时疏生短柔毛的有时的很少；雄蕊10；子房5(或6)室；花柱短，厚，锐弯曲，通常有鳞的在基部。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。