具的

Leaf blade abaxially glabrous, slightly pilose along veins, or densely pubescent only along both sides of midvein, sometimes barbate.

中脉，有时具髯毛的无毛的叶片背面，稍具柔毛沿脉，密被短柔毛的或只两面。

Leaf margin with 5-7 lobes on each side ending in 10-30 awns; blade glabrous or barbate; bracts of cupule glabrous; nuts mature 1 year after flowering

叶缘具5-7裂片在每边结束于10-30芒；叶片无毛的或具髯毛；壳斗的苞片无毛；坚果成熟的1 年花后 11 Q。 palustris 沼生栎

Spikelets laterally compressed, florets 1 to several, loosely spaced, rachilla slender, disarticulating above glumes and between florets, rachilla internodes pubescent at apex; glumes membranous, very unequal with the lower shorter, 1–5(–7)-veined; lemmas narrowly lanceolate to ovate, 3–5(–7)-veined, keeled, usually pubescent near margins, apex narrow, bidenticulate or rarely entire, acute, mucronate or shortly awned; palea keels glabrous or ciliolate.

小穗侧面压扁，小花1到数个，松弛隔开，纤细，脱节的小穗轴高于和在小花，小穗轴节间短柔毛在先端之间；颖片膜质，极不等具这更下部的短，(-7)脉；外稃狭披针形的到卵形，内稃龙骨无毛或者具短缘毛。

Firstly, expression vectors harboring sense and antisense gene were constructed in pJR1 plasmid in which BoAP1 and BoCAL cDNA were inserted between the CAMV35S promoter and NOS-3'terminator.

首先构建了BoCAL、BoAP1基因的正义与反义表达载体：具卡那霉素抗性的植物表达载体pJR1--BoAP1、pJR1--BoCAL和具潮霉素抗性的植物表达载体pCAMBIA--BoAP1、pCAMBIA--BoCAL。

Racemes ebracteate or basally bracteate, rarely bracteate throughout, corymbose, elongated or not in fruit.

基部具苞片，很少具苞片的总状花序无苞片或全部，在果期没有的伞房状，拉长的或。

Seeds obovoid or obovoid-elliptic, base rostrate, abaxially 1-furrowed with a rounded or suborbicular or elliptic chalazal knot, adaxially 2-furrowed; endosperm M-shaped in cross-section.

种子倒卵球形或倒卵球形的椭圆形，基部具喙，背面的1棱槽具一圆形或近圆形的或椭圆形种脐，正面2棱槽；横截面的胚乳M形。

Leaf sheaths densely pilose or with caducous tubercle-based hairs; leaf blades linear-lanceolate, 10–60 × 0.5–2 cm, tapering to base and apex, softly pubescent; ligule 1–2 mm, glabrous or ciliolate.

叶鞘密被柔毛或具早落的基于小瘤的毛；叶片线形披针形 10-60 * 0.5-2 厘米，渐狭至基部和先端，软的短柔毛；叶舌1-2毫米，无毛或者具短缘毛。

Culm sheaths green, densely glaucous, abaxially glabrous or hairy, densely so at base, margins ciliate and apically orange or withered; auricles obscure; ligule truncate, 1–2 mm, densely glaucous, ciliolate; blade narrowly lanceolate, margins serrulate.

绿色的竿箨，密被白霜，或者有毛的背面无毛，浓密因此在基部，边缘具缘毛和顶部橙或者枯萎；叶耳不明显；叶舌削去，1-2毫米，密被白霜，具短缘毛；狭披针形的叶片，边缘有细锯齿。

Fruit tardily dehiscent siliques, linear, terete, 4-angled, or slightly latiseptate, sessile; valves with a prominent midvein, torulose; replum rounded; septum complete, membranous; style obsolete or short; stigma conical, 2-lobed, lobes prominent, connivent or free, decurrent.

缓慢开裂的果长角果，线形，，四棱形，具宽隔膜的或稍，无梗；裂爿具一突出中脉，近念珠状；假隔膜绕行；隔膜完全，膜；花柱废退的或短；柱头圆锥状，2裂，裂片突出，或离生，下延。

Leaves evergreen, deciduous or semideciduous, alternate, sometimes clustered at stem apex; margin entire, very rarely crenulate, abaxial indumentum sometimes with a pellicle (a thin skinlike layer on the surface).

灌木或乔木陆生的或附生，常绿的叶，落叶或半落叶，互生，有时在茎先端的簇生；边缘全缘，极少具细圆齿，背面毛被有时具一表膜。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。