具托叶的

Leaves simple, commonly opposite and decussate with one of a pair slightly smaller than other, rarely verticillate or alternate by abortion of one of a pair, usually 1-4(or 5) secondary veins on each side of midvein, originating at or near base and anastomosing apically, tertiary veins numerous, parallel, and connecting secondary veins and midvein but in Memecylon secondary veins pinnate and tertiary veins reticulate.

托叶无。单叶，通常对生和交互对生的具其中一片较小的叶，很少轮生的或由于一对中一枚败育而互生，通常次脉在中脉两边各1-4(或5)，发生在基部或近基部，在顶部网结，支脉多数，平等，与次脉和中脉相连但在 Memecylon中，次脉羽状和支脉网状。

Appendages at top of connectives narrowly triangular, less than 1 mm, anthers lanate at base adaxially, apex barbate; stipules later deciduous; petioles 2-5 mm.

药隔狭三角形，不到1毫米，花药具绵状毛的在正面基部的附属物在顶端，先端具髯毛；晚的托叶脱落；叶柄2-5毫米 3 R。

Leaves opposite or rarely alternate, subequal in size; stipules lanceolate, 7-10 mm; petiole 1.5-6(-10) cm, densely pubescent; leaf blade dark green or black when dry, oblate to 5-angled or oblate to orbicular-ovate, often ovate in upper stems, 8-12(-18)× 7-14(-22) cm, papery, secondary veins 2 pairs along midvein, abaxial surface densely pubescent along veins and veinlets, adaxial surface roughish, densely strigose, base truncate, subcordate, or broadly cuneate, margin coarsely 8-12-dentate, teeth gradually larger distally, often biserrate apically, apex 3-cusped or lobed, tip serrulate. Glomerules on axillary spikelike flowering branches, male branches often branched, 8-17 cm; female spikes distal, unbranched or branched, 5.5-24 cm.

叶对生或很少互生，大小近等；托叶披针形，7-10毫米；叶柄1.5-6(-10)厘米，密被短柔毛；叶片深绿色或黑色的干燥时，扁球形到具5个角或扁球形的到圆形卵形的，通常在上面茎内卵形的， 8-12(-18)* 7-14(-22)厘米，纸质，次脉2 对沿中脉，背面密被短柔毛的沿脉和细脉，正面微糙，密被糙伏毛，基部截形，近心形，或宽楔形，团伞花序在腋生的穗状的花枝，雄性分枝通常分枝，8-17厘米的；雌性穗状花序上部，不分枝或分枝，-24 厘米。

Stipules intrapetiolar; achene strongly oblique, stipitate; stigma filiform, ligulate, or subulate; trees, shrubs or usually robust herbs.

托叶叶柄内；瘦果强烈斜，具柄；柱头丝状，舌状的，或钻形；通常的乔木，灌木或粗壮的草本。

Leaves paripinnate, alternate, sessile; leaflets usually in many pairs, first pair small, like stipules, others evidently larger, usually serrate; lateral veins often many, extending to tips of dentate margins, parallel.

偶数羽状复叶，互生，无梗；小叶通常很多对，第一对小的，象托叶，其它的明显大，通常有锯齿的；通常的侧脉很多，延伸至具齿边缘顶部，平行。

Leaves alternate; stipules lanceolate, 4-8 mm; petiole 2-11(-13) cm, pubescent or glabrous; leaf blade ovate, elliptic, oblong or subelliptic,(5-)9-21 × 2.5-10 cm, papery, slightly rough, secondary veins 3 or 4 pairs along midvein, abaxial surface strigillose or pubescent on veins, rarely glabrous, adaxial surface sparsely appressed strigillose or glabrous, base broadly cuneate, rounded, or obtuse, margin denticulate, apex acuminate or caudate-acuminate. Glomerules usually unisexual, sometimes bisexual, in the axils of current and fallen leaves along normal leafy stems, 4-10 mm in diam.; male ones on proximal part of flower-bearing branches; female ones on distal part.

叶互生 托叶披针形，4-8毫米；叶柄2-11(-13)厘米，被短柔毛或无毛；叶片卵形，椭圆形，长方形或，( 5-)9-21 * 2.5-10 厘米，纸质，粗糙的稍，次脉3或4 对沿中脉，背面具短糙伏毛的或短柔毛在脉上，很少无毛，正面疏生贴伏具短糙伏毛的或无毛，通常单性的团伞花序，有时两性，在正常生叶的茎的叶和脱落叶的腋内，直径4-10毫米；在忍受花的分枝的下部上的雄性的；在上部上的雌性的。

Leaflets 1.5-2 mm, adaxially setose on veins, apically long caudate-acuminate; bases of petioles and of petiolules with numerous lanceolate, stipulelike appendages; pedicels longer, glabrous; rootstock fleshy, 2-5-fascicled.

小叶1.5-2毫米，正面具刚毛的在脉上，顶部长尾状渐尖；和小叶柄具多数披针形，托叶状的附属物的叶柄基部；花梗长，无毛；肉质的根茎，2-5簇生。 5 P。 pseudoginseng 假人参

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。