具小羽片的

Leaves simple, commonly opposite and decussate with one of a pair slightly smaller than other, rarely verticillate or alternate by abortion of one of a pair, usually 1-4(or 5) secondary veins on each side of midvein, originating at or near base and anastomosing apically, tertiary veins numerous, parallel, and connecting secondary veins and midvein but in Memecylon secondary veins pinnate and tertiary veins reticulate.

托叶无。单叶，通常对生和交互对生的具其中一片较小的叶，很少轮生的或由于一对中一枚败育而互生，通常次脉在中脉两边各1-4(或5)，发生在基部或近基部，在顶部网结，支脉多数，平等，与次脉和中脉相连但在 Memecylon中，次脉羽状和支脉网状。

The differentiation states of costae indicates the ways they absorb and transport water, and their ability adapting to the dry conditions, which was elucidated by the following examples: Brachythecium plumosum, because of its thin cell-walls in the costae and the absence of hydrome, assistant and steroid cells, can absorb water and nutrition under shady and moist conditions; Plagiomnium rostratum, though often grows in shady and wet condition, has hydrome and steroid cells, a feature similar to those of xeric mosses, which endows it to grow in the conditions with periodical drought stress during its life cycle; Hygrohypnum luridum is characterized by its slender leaves with only one layer of cells, the thin cell-walls, the absence of filaments on the leaf surface, and the fewer layer cells in the costae, the absence of hydrome and steroid cells. These features make it adaptable to aquatic environments. For Pogonatum inflexum and Atrichum undulatum, their ventral surfaces covered with lamella, while for Racomitrium japonicum, Thuidium cymbifolium, Macromitrium ferriei, Diphyscium fulvifolium, Barbula unguiculata and Ceratodon purpureus, their leaves are strongly mammillose or papillos. Such appendiculate structures made them adaptable to thy conditions.

例如，荫湿生环境下的羽枝青藓Brachythecium plumosum，其中肋细胞胞壁较薄，无导水主细胞和副细胞的分化，也没有厚壁细胞分化，能够在阴湿环境下吸收水分和养分；钝叶匍灯藓Plagiomnium rostratum具有与旱生藓类植物相似的中肋结构，叶片较厚，中肋具导水主细胞，中肋背面具厚壁细胞，这些特点使该种藓类植物能够分布于间隙性干旱胁迫的环境中；水灰藓Hygrohypnum luridum叶片纤细柔弱，仅1层细胞，细胞胞壁薄，叶表无附属结构，中肋细胞层数少，无导水主细胞分化，也没有厚壁细胞，这些特点使得水灰藓'能够生长在水生环境中；东亚小金发藓Pogonatum inflerum和波叶仙鹤藓Atrichum undulatum的叶腹面覆盖着栉片，东亚砂藓Racomitrium japonicum、大羽藓Thuidium cymbifolium、福氏蓑藓Macromitrium ferriei、东亚短颈藓Diphyscium fuhifolium、扭口藓Barbula unguiculata和角齿藓Ceratodon purpureus的叶片表面有乳头状突起或疣状物，这些附属结构使它们能够适应于旱生的环境中。

Spikelets with 1 floret (to 3 in Duthiea ), terete or laterally compressed, disarticulating above glumes; rachilla extension usually absent (present in Stephanachne , Sinochasea , and Duthiea ); glumes equaling or longer than floret, persistent, hyaline to membranous, 1–7-veined; floret callus obtuse to pungent; lemma rounded on back, membranous to leathery, firmer than glumes, often indurated at maturity, 3–9-veined, often enclosing palea, apex entire or 2-toothed, awned from apex or between teeth; awn straight or geniculate, glabrous, pubescent or plumose; palea subequal to lemma, hyaline to membranous, usually 2-veined (5–7-veined in Psammochloa ) but not keeled, apex usually acute.

小穗具1小花(对3在Duthiea里)，圆柱状的或侧面压扁，高于颖片脱节；小穗轴扩展通常无(在Stephanachne，Sinochasea 和Duthiea里提出)；颖片等长或更长于小花，宿存，到膜质，1-7脉；对刺激愚蠢的小花结茧；外稃在后面上绕行，膜质到革质，比颖片坚定，芒直或者膝曲，无毛，青春期或者羽状；内稃近等长于外稃，透明的到膜质，通常2脉的(在Psammochloa里的5-7脉)但不是翻转，先端通常厉害。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。