其主义

Realism concentrates on the representation of the external reality of certain social group, featured by chronological order, omniscient point of view, closed ending, external characterization and so on; modernisms focus shifts to the consciousness and subconsciousness of mankind, mythical archetype, stream of conscious, anti-hero, open ending have been used frequently by modernists; postmodernism serves as a break as well ascontinuity of modernism, similar with modernism, it rebels against any pre-established rules and pays attention to innovations in form, but it emphasizes absurdity, playfulness and the crisis of representation in postmodern society, the blurring of high and low literature, collage, parody are the favorites of postmodernist.

现实主义侧重对社会某一群体的现实生活的反映，一般带有明确的时空概念，严密的情节，常用的叙事角度为全知视角，人物塑造上以外部描写为主；现代主义小说多表现人物内在心理的变化，关注人的意识及潜意识，神话原形、意识流、反英雄、开放式结尾为现代主义小说常用手法；后现代主义小说继承了现代主义对传统的反叛、形式上的革新等原则，但其作品强调后工业社会的荒诞性、游戏性及表征危机，有意识地混淆了高雅文学与通俗文学的界限，拼贴画、戏仿在后现代作品中应用广泛。

The biggest difference between them lies in the degrees to which modernists and postmodernists make formal experiments in their writing.

这篇论文首先对现代主义和后现代主义作一个大概的比较，表明两者的最大不同在于其在作品当中运用那些思想和技巧的程度。

Legal moralists and legal liberalists cannot cover all social phenomena due to the uncertainty of practical application of the theories.

法律道德主义与法律自由主义在理论的实际应用上因其不确定性而往往难以统摄形形色色的社会现象。

Scholars strongly incline to seek the origin of his "understanding sociology" from Neo-Kantian school.

学者们在谈论他的&理解社会学&时，多从新康德主义学派那里寻找其思想渊源。

In German and Japanese criminal theory, neo-classic criminal theory system produces great influences. It carries on the construction of classic criminal theory system formally. But it makes Neo-Kantianism as its philosophy foundation, and sublates legal positivism who influenced the classic criminal theory system.

新古典犯罪论体系在德日刑法学上影响极大，它从形式上承继了贝林格开创的古典体系的犯罪阶层架构，因其奉行新康德主义的哲理基础，又从精神上扬弃了古典体系所依附的法实证主义。

Research orientation,problem-centered opinion and individual research method of humanism-oriented research constitute the most important psychological methodology of Neo-Kantism.

人文科学的研究取向、问题中心论和个别化的研究方法都是新康德主义最重要的心理学方法论蕴含，但由于其过分强调人的价值与意义，从而忽视了人的物性，所以尚不足以构成完善的心理学方法论。

In today's Urumqi, many Muslim women put away their traditional robes and wear fashionable clothes. They want the freedom of choice. It will be very difficult for women to enjoy such freedom in a fundamentalist society. Third, the freedom to practice a non-Islamic religion will be threatened.

目前的乌鲁木齐，许许多多的穆斯林女性，脱下了长袍，穿着时尚，她们愿意拥有这种可以选择自己生活的自由，而在原教旨主义国家，这样的自由恐怕是很难很难）；三是信仰其它宗教的自由也必然遭受更大的冲击；四是，其她少数民族怎么办？

Based on the criticism of the western "economic man "theory from the two perspectives of economics and philosophy, the paper builds a new economic man hypothesis and theory, whose methodology is wholism, materialism and realism.Then, it puts forward the "new hypothesis of living labour value", which means that various productive living labour creates the value of commodities.

本文首先在从经济学和哲学两个视角批评西方经济人理论的基础上，确立了一种新经济人假说和理论，其方法论是整体主义、唯物主义和现实主义的；然后，提出各种生产性活劳动创造商品价值的&活劳动价值新假说&，并论证与此有关的&全要素财富说&和&按贡分配形质说&。

Feminism was the central concern of Saint-Simonianism and entirely absorbed its adherents' energy; hence, by ignoring its feminism, European historians have misunderstood Saint-Simonianism.

至1832年为止，女权主义已成为圣—西门学说的焦点所在，并彻底吸引了其追随者的全部精力。

In economy, the Old Empire rigidly controlled overseas trade of the colonies, and passed the Navigation Act. This system had been reasonable, but it could not be accommodated to the problem after the Seven Years War. The contradiction between America and Great Britain led to the collapse of the Old Empire.

旧帝国的特征体现在经济方面则是英国对殖民地的对外贸易进行严格限制，英国通过《航海条例》控制了殖民地的生产和贸易，这个体制曾经具有其时代合理性，但是&七年战争&之后，英帝国的形势发生了很大的变化，重商主义殖民政策已经无法解决帝国所面临的难题，英国同美洲殖民地的矛盾越来越大，最终导致了旧帝国的崩溃。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。