关节疼痛

Results In the 14 cases, 13 achieved bone union and one nonunion. The mean time of union was 12 weeks. The wrist mean motion range was about 90% of the healthy lateral wrist and mean gripping strength was about 95%. Twelve patients suffered from no pain, one patient from slight pain, and one patient with nonunion from medial pain. According to Cooney's clinical evaluation system, the outcome was fine in 10, good in three and bad in one patient.

结果 14例中有13例愈合，1例不愈合，平均愈合时间为12周，平均腕关节活动度为健侧的90%，握力为健侧的95%，12例患者没有疼痛，1例轻度疼痛，另外l例不愈合有中度疼痛，除1例不愈合患者外，其余都能胜任原有的工作，按Cooney's评分10例优，3例良，1例差。

The mean time of union was 12 weeks. The wrist mean motion range was about 90% of the healthy lateral wrist and mean gripping strength was about 95%. Twelve patients suffered from no pain, one patient from slight pain, and one patient with nonunion from medial pain. According to Cooney's clinical evaluation system, the outcome was fine in 10, good in three and bad in one patient. Conclusion Palm??

结果 14例中有13例愈合，1例不愈合，平均愈合时间为12周，平均腕关节活动度为健侧的90%，握力为健侧的95%，12例患者没有疼痛，1例轻度疼痛，另外l例不愈合有中度疼痛，除1例不愈合患者外，其余都能胜任原有的工作，按Cooney's评分10例优，3例良，1例差。

METHODS From July 1978 to November 1993, 12 cases of giant tumor of distal end of radius were treated by this procedure and followed up for 6 months to 15 years, and the movement range of wrist, grip strength, and pain were evaluated. RESULTS The painful wrist released in 11 cases, only one case still existed mild pain and felt discomfortable.

1978年7月～1993年11月，采用吻合血管的腓骨头移植代替桡骨远端重建腕关节的方法治疗桡骨远端骨巨细胞瘤5例，对其中12例进行了腕关节功能随访，随访时间为6个月～15年，评估患者腕关节的活动范围、握力及疼痛情况。

Zhuangyuanfuguxiaoyao decoction can enhance the level of blood serum SOD by activating activity of SOD, and prevent damage of arthrodial cartilage from oxygen radical by catalyzing dismutation reaction of oxygen radical.

壮元扶骨逍遥汤可提高血清SOD水平，保护关节软骨，提高软骨细胞功能，促进软骨修复；降低关节液IL-1水平，减轻炎症对关节软骨的破坏及所产生的疼痛。

In response to repetitive strain and inflammation, the synovial l-z joints can fill with fluid and distend, resulting in pain from stretching the joint capsule.71 Distension of the articular recesses can also compress the exiting nerve root in the neural foramen or spinal canal, especially when the foramen is already narrowed by joint hypertrophy and/or osteophytes.

反复的应力与炎症反应，可使滑膜l-z关节充满滑液并扩张，导致关节囊收到牵拉产生疼痛。关节囊隐窝的扩张可以压迫神经孔出的神经根出口或压迫椎管内脊髓，尤其当由于关节肥大和/或骨赘形成已经存在椎间孔狭窄时发生率更高。

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the possible beneficial effect of percutaneous radiofrequency zygapophysial joint neurotomy in reducing pain and physical impairment in patients with pain from the lumbar zygapophysial joints, selected after repeated diagnostic blocks.

目的：本研究的目的在于评估经皮射频关节突关节神经切断术是否可以减轻疼痛并且减少腰椎疼痛带来的体格缺陷，选择的患者经过反复的诊断性阻滞后确定。

Fascia lata grafts and periarticular soft tissues were used extensiely in the United States and Europe. Sir Robert Jones used gold foil as an interpositional layer in 1912. Results remained unpredictable, with residual pain and stiffness being the primary causes of failure. In 1923, Smith-Petersen introduced the concept of "mould arthroplasty" as an alternatie to the interpositional membrane.

当时在美国和欧洲，阔筋膜瓣移植物和关节周围软组织被广泛使用。1912年Robert Jones 爵士曾采用金箔作为间置物，其结果很不稳定，遗留疼痛和关节僵硬是其失败的主要原因。1923年，Smith-Petersen引入&铸模关节成形术&的概念，替代了在关节面间放置衬膜的方法。

objective to evaluate efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsyfor treating ureteral stones in situ,investigate the cause of higher re-treatment rate.methods total of 687 patients with ureteral stone were received eswl between january 2000 and december 2004,included 455 male(66.2%) and 232 female(33.8%) patients,6 cases have bilateral ureteral calculi,12 cases have unilateral multiple calculi.hence,together 709 ureteral calculi were treated.patients upper ureteral calculi were treated in the supine position,for lower ureteral calculi patients were turned prone.to reduce eswl-induced renal trauma and pain,using lower energy source,adjusted power setting from 9.8 to 13.2kv,limited 1500 shock wavs per one session.no auxiliary procedure were used before eswl.the stone size was measured as the surface area of stone length by stone width on x-ray film.the interval between two treatment sessions was two weeks.results of 709 ureteral calculi,the overall stone free rate was 97.3%(690 calculi),re-treatment rate was 34.1%(292 calculi).according to the performed treatment sessions,one session 467 calculi,the mean stone size 37.27mm2,stone free rate 65.4%(464 calculi).two sessions 138 calculi,the mean stone size 62.48mm2,stone free rate 18.4%(131calculi).three sessions 52 calculi,the mean stone size 79.60mm2,stone free rate 7.1%(50calculi).four sessions 19 calculi,the mean stone size 101.63mm2,stone free rate 2.4%(17calculi).fivesessions 33 calculi,the mean stone size 119.33mm2,stone free rate 3.9%(28 calculi).overall 19 cases(2.7%)turned to other treatment modalities.of 335 upper ureteral calculi,303 achieved stone free (95.8%),re-treatment rate was 38.5%(129 calculi).of 374 lower ureteral calculi,369 achieved stone free(98.7%),re-treatment rate was 30.2%(113 calculi).the re-treatment rate of upper ureteral calculi was higher than lower ureteral calculi(p＜0.05,χ2=5.40).the difference of stone-free rate between upper and lower ureteral calculi was no significant(p＞0.05,χ2=0.15).conclusion eswl should be considered first line therapy for ureteral stone still.stone burden are the main variable of higher re-treatment rate,upper ureteral stone may moving with respiring during eswl.so efficinet shock wave was decreared,re-treatment rate become higher.

目的 评估体外震波碎石治疗输尿管结石的疗效，探讨再治疗率高的原因及输尿管结石的治疗选择。方法回顾2000年1月～2004年12月间eswl治疗输尿管结石的临床资料687例，男455例（66.2%），女232例（33.8%），平均年龄46.6岁（15～83岁）。有双侧输尿管结石6例，单侧多发性输尿管结石12例（4颗1例，3颗2例，2颗9例），共计输尿管结石709颗（含透光结石13颗）。应用上海爱申公司生产的desunit6030型碎石机，c臂x线球管做结石定位。上段输尿管结石（肾盂输尿管交界处至骶髂关节上缘）取仰卧位，下段输尿管结石（骶髂关节上缘下至输尿管口）取俯卧位。为减少eswl引起的肾损伤和疼痛，应用较低的能量，震波发生器电压从9.8～13.2kv，震波频率1.5s。每次治疗设定为1500次震波。治疗后3天摄腹部平片或b超，以后每隔7日重复检查。假如结石未碎或有残留结石最长径＞3mm以上，再次eswl，两次治疗的间隔时间为两周。结石的大小用x线片上的表面积（mm2表示。结果 709颗输尿管结石总的治愈率为97.3%（690颗），再治疗率34.1%（242颗）。其中一次治疗467颗，平均结石大小37.27mm2，治愈464颗（65.4%），3颗改治疗；两次治疗138颗，平均结石大小62.48mm2，治愈131颗（18.5%），7颗改治疗；第1和第2次治疗治愈率（1个月治愈率）为83.8%。3次治疗52颗，平均结石大小79.60mm2，治愈50颗（7.1%），2颗改治疗；4次治疗19颗，平均结石大小101.63mm2，治愈17颗（2.4%），2颗改治疗；5次及5次以上治疗33颗，平均结石大小119.33mm2，治愈28颗（3.9%），5颗改治疗。总计19颗（2.7%）结石改变治疗方式。上段输尿管结石335颗，治愈321颗（95.8%），再治疗129颗（38.5%）。下段输尿管结石374颗，治愈369颗（98.7%），再治疗113颗（30.2%）。经χ2检验，上、下段输尿管结石的再治疗率差异有显著性（χ2=5.40，p＜0.05），治愈率差异无显著性（χ2=0.15，p＞0.05）。不良反应：血压升高13例（1.9%），震波区域疼痛26例（3.8%），震波进入处皮肤点状淤血33例（4.8%），肉眼血尿128例（18.6%），均于第2、3天自行消失。结论 eswl目前仍是输尿管结石的第一线治疗，结石的大小是再治疗率高的主要因素。结石的位置有影响，上段输尿管结石可随呼吸移动，有效震波次数减少，再治疗率比下段输尿管结石高。eswl前注重病例筛选可降低再治疗率。

Abstractive】 objective to investigate the diagnostic superiorty and therapeutic efficiancy of arthroscopic debridement for the osteoarthritis of the knee.methods 65 cases（74 knee） of senile osteoarthritis of the knee were debrided under arthroscopy with local anesthesia.the procedures included removal of hyperplastic membrance and raw surface of degenerated cartilage,repairing the meniscus,and reshaping of the intercondylar fossa.results 55 cases（67 knee） were followed up for 20 months in average.the pain was relieved and the function of the knee joint was restored in most patients.

目的 探讨关节镜下清理术治疗骨性关节炎的诊断价值及治疗效果。方法对65例（74膝）膝关节骨性关节炎患者采用局麻下行关节清理术，手术清理增生炎性滑膜，清理退变剥脱的软骨及打磨软骨创面，修整损伤半月板，取出关节内游离体、碎骨屑及炎性介质，髁间窝成形术解除撞击及磨损前交叉韧带。结果随诊55例（67膝），随访时间6～42个月，平均20个月，多数患者临床症状消失或者疼痛症状减轻，关节功能明显改善。

By needle Jiu, massage , is taken orally 3 Bi soup, pain alleviation has stiff finger subsequently, toe joint is swelling to ache , knee joint swell as ball, numb pain, shoulder joint and waist in night pain very, get up to move about rear pain reduce , it is difficult to treat invalid, edible sleep for a long time.

经针灸，按摩，内服三痹汤等，疼痛缓解，嗣后，手指僵硬，脚趾关节肿疼，膝关节肿胀如球，麻木疼痛，肩关节和腰部于夜间痛甚，起床活动后痛减，久治无效，食眠艰难。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。