关节外的

Besides the conventional rotator cuff tear, acromion plasty, labrum repair, and surgeries for ennis elbow, osteoarthritis, ankylosis of elbow and teoid osteoma, new techniques have been developed including the arthroscopic repair of large tear of rotator cuff and labrum, tendon transposition, arthroscopic removal of benign tumor around the shoulder joint.

每年除完成常规肩袖修补、肩峰成形、盂唇修补等手术，以及网球肘、骨关节病、肘关节僵直、骨样骨瘤等等的手术治疗外，在关节镜下肩袖、盂唇巨大撕裂修补、肌腱转位、肩关节周围良性肿瘤镜下切除等手术领域内也有了长足发展，使患者在国内可以享受国际先进水平的治疗。

To treat the scapular fracture involving glenoid fracture should follow the principles of intra-articular fractures,also to concern the stability of the shoulders.

对于肩胛骨波及肩胛盂的骨折除了遵循关节内骨折的治疗原则外同时应考虑是否影响肩关节稳定性。

The adaptive remodelling of the disc might be the results of the pressure of the condyle on the disc and the lateral pterygoid muscle to it.

提示关节盘承受的翼外肌张力及髁突压力增加，关节盘发生了适应性改建。

These include fluid within the tendon sheath, fluid withinthe medial or lateral bursae, sinus tarsi syndrome, periostitisat the insertion of the flexor retinaculum on the tibia, hindfootvalgus, subtalar and talonavicular malalignment, and accessorynavicular bone.

这些包括腱鞘内、内外侧滑膜内水分滞留，跗骨窦综合症、屈肌支持带的胫骨侧附着处骨膜炎、后足外翻、距下关节和距舟关节排列不整及副舟骨。

There have been several supports for the lateral incision of whirbone in the TKA of valgus deformity, which is not accepted universally. And some scholars raise the scheme of articular capsule Z-shape discission or the shifting of fat pad before capsule.

膝外翻全膝关节置换术中髌骨外侧切口得到一部分人的支持，但是还不被普遍接受，有人提出可以通过做关节囊Z形切开或将关节囊前外侧的脂肪垫外移来解决这个问题。

The aim of this study was to examine extracellular matrix changes and mechanisms of regeneration in the temporomandibular joint disc.

本实验目的是研究关节关节板组织细胞外间质的变化以及再生的机制。

Results:(1) FSN can inhibit secondary joints swelling and multi-arthritis evidently, improve the whole condition of rats; at the same time, it can also lighten the synovial inflammation and hyperplasia of lesion joints distinctly, and prevent the joint cartilage and bone from destruction; the collective efficiency of FSN is better than TWP.(2) FSN can raise AA rats low LTT of spleen to normal nearly, remedy the disorder of Th / Ts and Thl / Th2 cells balance in peripheral blood, restrain exorbitant TNF- a ? IL-1 produced by PM O , thereof exert anti-inflammatory and immunoregulation effect.(3) Inside the lesion joints, FSN can depress abnormal hyper-expression of TNF- a mRNA and NF-kB in synovial tissues, as well as advance the expression of Caspase-3 (a proteolytic enzyme of apoptosis), reduce synovial immflamination and proliferation.(4) FSN can lower the expression of VEGF in synovial tissue,reduce neogenetic veins, so inhibit the growth of pannus tissue and the damage of cartilage and bone by that.(5) The above effect of FSN are in proportion to its dosage.Conclusions: FSN has inhibitory effects on symptom and condition of experimental RA, which is better than TWP as a whole.

结果：(1)FSN有明显的抗炎作用，可显著抑制AA大鼠足跖肿胀与多关节炎，改善大鼠的全身情况，同时明显减轻病变关节滑膜炎症与增生，防止关节软骨及骨质的破坏，其综合作用优于TWP；(2)FSN还能使AA大鼠低下的脾LTT恢复至接近正常，纠正外周血中T细胞亚群Th／Ts及Th1／Th2平衡紊乱，抑制大鼠PHφ过高的TNF-α、IL-1分泌，而发挥抗炎和免疫调节作用；(3)在病变关节局部，FSN能显著抑制AA大鼠滑膜细胞异常增高的TNF-αmRNA的表达，降低滑膜组织中NF-kB表达，并增加凋亡蛋白酶Caspase-3表达，从而抑制滑膜的炎症与增殖；(4)FSN还可下调滑膜组织中VEGF表达，减少血管新生，由此抑制血管翳的形成及其对软骨和软骨下骨的侵蚀；(5)FSN的上述作用皆呈现一定的量效依赖关系，高剂量组作用优于低剂量组。

FSN can raise AA rats low LTT of spleen to normal nearly, remedy the disorder of Th/Ts and Th1/Th2 cells balance in peripheral blood, restrain exorbitant TNF-α、IL-1 produced by PMφ, thereof exert anti-inflammatory and immunoregulation effect.(3) Inside the lesion joints, FSN can depress abnormal hyper-expression of TNF-αmRNA and NF-kB in synovial tissues, as well as advance the expression of Caspase-3 (a proteolytic enzyme of apoptosis), reduce synovial immflammation and proliferation.(4) FSN can lower the expression of VEGF in synovial tissue, reduce neogenetic veins, so inhibit the growth of pannus tissue and the damage of cartilage and bone by that.(5) The above effect of FSN are in proportion to its dosage. Conclusions: FSN has inhibitory effects on symptom and condition of experimental RA, which is better than TWP as a whole.

结果：(1)FSN有明显的抗炎作用，可显著抑制AA大鼠足跖肿胀与多关节炎，改善大鼠的全身情况，同时明显减轻病变关节滑膜炎症与增生，防止关节软骨及骨质的破坏，其综合作用优于TWP；(2)FSN还能使AA大鼠低下的脾LTT恢复至接近正常，纠正外周血中T细胞亚群Th/Ts及Th1/Th2平衡紊乱，抑制大鼠PMφ过高的TNF-α、IL-1分泌，而发挥抗炎和免疫调节作用；(3)在病变关节局部，FSN能显著抑制AA大鼠滑膜细胞异常增高的TNF-αmRNA的表达，降低滑膜组织中NF-kB表达，并增加凋亡蛋白酶Caspase-3表达，从而抑制滑膜的炎症与增殖；(4)FSN还可下调滑膜组织中VEGF表达，减少血管新生，由此抑制血管翳的形成及其对软骨和软骨下骨的侵蚀；(5)FSN的上述作用皆呈现一定的量效依赖关系，高剂量组作用优于低剂量组。

Methods Fractures of tibial plateau in 42 cases were treated with open reduction.In addition,the stripped and lifted parts of articular cartilage were reposited and fixed with silk thread or thin wire,and the cartilage-uncovered articular surface due to defect of cartilage was covered with the bone morphogenetic protein-fibrin sealant or repaired with the pediculated periosteum flap,respectively.

对42例胫骨平台骨折除重视骨折复位外，对部分剥脱、掀起的关节软骨予以复位并采用丝线或细钢丝抽出缝合修复，对缺如软骨裸露关节面，根据其大小、深浅分别用骨形成蛋白-纤维蛋白粘合剂复合片或附以带蒂骨膜瓣翻转修复。

Methods The resection of a talocalcaneal coalition or triple arthrodesis was selected according to calcaneal eversion angle and the rate of a talocalcaneal coalition and the posterior surface area of the talocalcaneal joint.16 feet in 12 patients including 8 males and 4 females were operated upon and reviewed at a mean time of 18 months.

根据术前跟距轴位CT扫描所测量的跟距联合与跟距后关节二者横向切面之比率及跟骨外翻角度来决定采取跟距骨桥局部切除或三关节融合术。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐