关节外的

With the freedom in adduction and abduction motions of shoulder joint, a two-rigid-body motion system is formed.

将前臂和肱骨的联结简化为转动副，同肩关节的内收-外展自由度一同形成一个2自由度的两刚体系统。

Results In the 14 cases, 13 achieved bone union and one nonunion. The mean time of union was 12 weeks. The wrist mean motion range was about 90% of the healthy lateral wrist and mean gripping strength was about 95%. Twelve patients suffered from no pain, one patient from slight pain, and one patient with nonunion from medial pain. According to Cooney's clinical evaluation system, the outcome was fine in 10, good in three and bad in one patient.

结果 14例中有13例愈合，1例不愈合，平均愈合时间为12周，平均腕关节活动度为健侧的90%，握力为健侧的95%，12例患者没有疼痛，1例轻度疼痛，另外l例不愈合有中度疼痛，除1例不愈合患者外，其余都能胜任原有的工作，按Cooney's评分10例优，3例良，1例差。

The mean time of union was 12 weeks. The wrist mean motion range was about 90% of the healthy lateral wrist and mean gripping strength was about 95%. Twelve patients suffered from no pain, one patient from slight pain, and one patient with nonunion from medial pain. According to Cooney's clinical evaluation system, the outcome was fine in 10, good in three and bad in one patient. Conclusion Palm??

结果 14例中有13例愈合，1例不愈合，平均愈合时间为12周，平均腕关节活动度为健侧的90%，握力为健侧的95%，12例患者没有疼痛，1例轻度疼痛，另外l例不愈合有中度疼痛，除1例不愈合患者外，其余都能胜任原有的工作，按Cooney's评分10例优，3例良，1例差。

Six cadavers were prepared for necroscopy, operative procedure of ILIF were simulated on L3-S1, and all related important anatomic structure and their relationship were observed and record. ILIF with transpedicle screw fixation were also performed with cage insertion.3. Twelve fresh frozen bovine lumbar functional spinal units were prepared for biomechanical testing. According to the different treatment order, the specimens were devided into 7 groups, which included: 1intact specimens, 2specimens were treated by left unilateral facetectomy and had homolateral anatomical threaded cages inserted, 3 TLIF with homolateral pedicle screw fixation, 4 TLIF with bilateral pedicle screw fixation, 5 specimens had anatomical threaded cages inserted on the left by intertransverse process approach, 6 ILIF with homolateral pedicle screw fixation, 7 ILIF with bilateral pedicle screw fixation.

方法1、对20名正常志愿者L3-S1节段进行CT增强+三维重建检查，在三维重建图形上测量横突长度、上下横突间距、椎间孔外椎间隙高度及斜径，观查横突间区域血管走形特点并测量血管内径，然后进行统计分析及评价。2、采用福尔马林固定尸体标本六具，模拟ILIF手术对L3-S1节段进行操作，观察横突间区域重要结构的位置和毗邻关系，并模拟同侧椎弓根钉和单枚椎间融合器的置入过程，探讨该术式存在的问题并改进。3、采用小牛脊柱运动节段标本12具，依序进行不同处理后分为以下7组：⑴正常对照组CG⑵左侧小关节切除+椎间融合器植入组(TLIF⑶TLIF附加同侧椎弓根钉固定组；⑷TLIF附加双侧椎弓根钉固定组；⑸左侧横突间入路椎间融合器植入组ILIF⑹ILIF附加同侧椎弓根钉固定组；⑺ILIF附加双侧椎弓根钉固定组。

The transepicondylar axis of different position has no effect on volume rendering technique measuring the humeral head retroversion angle with multi slice spiral CT.The top view at which lateral epicondyle of the humerus showing minitriangulum and the anterior surface of the distal humerus articulation with the forearm being shaded is more simple,faster and precise for the volume rendering technique measuring the humeral head retroversion angle with multi slice spiral CT.

结论］肱骨头扭转角变异较大，肩关节假体扭转角设计应个性化；肱骨远端不同位置内外上髁轴线对多层螺旋CT容积再现测量肱骨头扭转角没有影响；俯视位观察肱骨，当外上髁露出呈小三角形、肱骨远端前关节面被肱骨头遮盖重叠的位置是多层螺旋CT三维重建测量肱骨头扭转角的更简单、更快捷而且准确的测量位置。

Other potential autologous chondrocyte sources in vivo include auricular, nasoseptal and costal cartilage with differences function, structure, and composition which result in different discrete biochemical, physical and biomechanical properties.

体内其他作为自体软骨细胞源包括耳骨、鼻中隔、肋软骨、颞颌关节髁突软骨等，而不同的软骨源具有不同的结构、组成和功能，产生具有不同生化、物理和生物力学特性的细胞及细胞外基质。

For high-energy periarticular fractures of tibia combined with severe soft tissue injury, the hybrid external fixator is appropriate fixation which hardly interferences with the soft tissue and allows for early weight-hearing and functional exercise.

对于合并严重软组织损伤的高能量胫骨关节周围骨折，组合式外固定架可对骨折进行有效的固定，对软组织干扰小，允许早期的负重和功能锻炼。

Objective To find out an effective approach to treat fracture of metacarpal bone and phalanges,especially near the joint fracture.Methods Closed reduction by X-ray fluoroscopy and skeletal traction from distal part with self-designed bone tractor.

目的 寻求掌指骨骨折，特别是关节附近掌指骨骨折简便、有效的牵引和固定方法方法应用自行设计的外固定支架，在电视X-ray透视下复位，于骨折远端的指骨行骨牵引治疗，并随时调整牵引力。

Patients were evaluated both radiographically and with a clinical examination at the time of the latest follow up.

对相关的关节囊及外侧副韧带的修复，以及有选择的修复中间侧副韧带和辅助外固定。

For supracondylar fracture of humerus with obvious displacement,it is easy to make reduction,but the fixation and the maintenance of reduction is not easy; manual reduction with plaster or splint immobilization,though as the first-chosen method,has such shortcomings as infirm or loosening fixation of plaster or splint which may cause injury to blood vessels or nerves; open reduction may lead to further trauma to soft tissues and tissue adhesion,and to joint stiffness; the closed reduction with cross Kirschners wires under C-arm X-ray can avoid the above mentioned shortcomings and it is easy in operation.

移位明显的肱骨髁上骨折，复位容易，但固定及维持复位困难，手法复位石膏或夹板外固定虽是首选治疗方法，但石膏或夹板固定不牢固，易出现松动甚至可造成血管及神经损伤，而切开复位更易进一步造成软组织创伤，组织粘连，最终导致关节僵直功能障碍。本组C臂下闭合复位交叉克氏针治疗移位明显的肱骨髁上骨折避免了上述缺点，而且方法简单。肱骨髁上骨折；经皮克氏针固定；儿童；闭合复位

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。